Optical beam steering system

• US 5,963,682 A
• Filed: 03/07/1997
• Issued: 10/05/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 05/24/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Dorschner, Terry A., Hobbs, Douglas S., Friedman, Lawrence J.
• Primary Examiner(s): NGO, HUNG NHAT
• Application Number:
  US08/813,528
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 385/8, 385/9, 385/16, 385/17, 385/20, 385/21, 385/22, 359/42
• US Class Current: 385/16
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/29 for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/31 Digital deflection, i.e. optical switchingG02F1/33 takes precedence

Abstract

A data communication system comprising a plurality of fiber optic cables and a fiber optic switching system, comprising: a support structure for securing light emitting/light receiving ends of the plurality of fiber optic cables in predetermined positions; and, means for re-directing light emitted from the light emitting/light receiving end of one of the fiber optic cables to the light emitting/light receiving ends of one, or more than one, of a plurality of the plurality of fiber optic cables. The re-directing means includes means for collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the cables as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and for re-directing the beam towards the end of another one of the cables selectively in accordance with an electrical signal. More particularly, the re-directing means includes electro-optical phase shifting medium, preferably liquid crystal molecules.

Claims

1. A fiber optic switching system, comprising:

a plurality of fiber optic cables;

a support structure for securing light emitting/light receiving ends of the plurality of fiber optic cables in predetermined positions; and

means for selectively steering light emitted from the light emitting/light receiving end of one of the fiber optic cables simultaneously to the light emitting/light receiving ends of more than one of the plurality of fiber optic cables, the selectively steering means comprising means for collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the cables as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and means for changing the index of refraction of a liquid crystal material for providing a plurality of beam steering positions for steering the beam towards the ends of more than one of said plurality of fiber optic cables selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

2. The system recited in claim 1 wherein the steering means includes electro-optical phase shifting medium.

3. The system recited in claim 2 wherein the phase shifting medium comprises liquid crystal molecules.

4. A switching system, for coupling information propagating as electromagnetic wave energy between selected ones of a plurality of terminals having a predetermined spatial relationship, each one of such terminals being adapted to transmit said wave energy and receive said transmitted wave energy, said system comprising:

means, responsive to an electrical signal and positioned to receive the wave energy transmitted from one of the terminals, for changing the index of refraction of said means for providing a plurality of beam steering positions as said received wave energy passes through said means and for selectively steering simultaneously said received energy to a plurality of the spaced terminals selectively in accordance with the electrical signal.

5. The system recited in claim 4 wherein the selectively steering means includes means for collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the terminals as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and for steering the beam towards the ends of the terminals selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

6. The system recited in claim 5 wherein the steering means comprises electro-optical phase shifting medium.

7. The system recited in claim 6 wherein the phase shifting medium comprises liquid crystal molecules.

8. A system for coupling information propagating in a beam of electromagnetic wave energy between selected ones of a plurality of cables having a predetermined spatial relationship, each one of such cables being adapted to transmit said wave energy and receive said transmitted wave energy, said system comprising:

means, responsive to an electrical signal and positioned to intercept the beam of wave energy emanating from one of the cables, for changing the index of refraction of a liquid crystal material for providing a plurality of beam steering positions for simultaneously steering said intercepted beam to a plurality of the spaced cables selectively in accordance with the electrical signal.

9. The system recited in claim 8 wherein the steering means includes means for collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the cables as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and for selectively steering the beam towards the end of another one of the cables selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

10. The system recited in claim 9 wherein the selectively steering means includes electro-optical phase shifting medium.

11. The system recited in claim 10 wherein the phase shifting medium comprises liquid crystal molecules.

12. A method for coupling information propagating as electromagnetic wave energy between selected ones of a plurality of terminals having a predetermined spatial relationship, each one of such terminals being adapted to transmit said wave energy and receive said transmitted wave energy, said method comprising:

changing the index of refraction of a liquid crystal material for providing a plurality of beam steering positions to simultaneously steer energy to a plurality of the spaced terminals selectively in accordance with the electrical signal.

13. The method recited in claim 12 wherein the index of refraction changing step includes the step of collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the terminals as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and for steering the beam towards the end of another one of the terminals selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

14. The method recited in claim 13 wherein the steering step includes the step of changing the phase shift provided to the beam by an electro-optical phase shifting medium.

15. The method recited in claim 14 wherein the phase shift changing step includes the step of changing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the phase shifting medium.

16. A method for coupling information propagating in a beam of electromagnetic wave energy between selected ones of a plurality of cables having a predetermined spatial relationship, each one of such cables being adapted to transmit said wave energy and receive said transmitted wave energy, said method comprising the steps of:

intercepting the beam of wave energy emanating from one of the cables and changing the index of refraction of a liquid crystal material for providing a plurality of beam steering positions for simultaneously steering said intercepted beam to a plurality of the spaced cables selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

17. The system recited in claim 16 wherein the steering step comprises the step of:

collimating and directing the light emitted from the end of one of the cables as a beam propagating along a predetermined direction and for selectively steering the beam towards the ends of the plurality of the plurality of fiber optic cables selectively in accordance with an electrical signal.

18. The system recited in claim 17 wherein the selectively steering step includes the step of changing the phase shift provided to the beam by an electro-optical phase shifting medium.

19. The method recited in claim 18 wherein the phase shift changing step includes the step of changing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the phase shifting medium.