Beamformed ultrasonic imager with delta-sigma feedback control

• US 5,964,708 A
• Filed: 10/06/1997
• Issued: 10/12/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 10/06/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hittite Microwave, LLC (Analog Devices, Inc.), University of Alabama (University of Alabama System)
• Original Assignee: Q-Dot, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.), Board of Regents of the University of Michigan (University of Michigan)
• Inventors: Desilets, Charles S., O'Donnell, Matthew, Freeman, Steven R., Morin, Marc A., Linnenbrink, Thomas E., Quick, Marshall K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lateef, Marvin M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Imam, Ali M.
• Application Number:
  US08/944,226
• Time in Patent Office: 736 Days
• Field of Search: 600/437, 600/441, 600/447, 341/131, 341/155, 395/800, 73/625
• US Class Current: 600/447
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8927 using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52028 using digital techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52034 Data rate converters
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/5208 with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/52095 using multiline receive beamforming
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 3/324 characterised by means or methods for compensating or preventing more than one type of error at a time, e.g. by synchronisation or using a ratiometric arrangement
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 3/43 the quantiser being a single bit one
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 3/454 with distributed feedback, i.e. with feedback paths from the quantiser output to more than one filter stage
• CPC Class Codes: H03M 3/504 the final digital/analogue converter being constituted by a finite impulse response [FIR] filter, i.e. FIRDAC

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for reducing distortion in a dynamically delayed digital sample stream of an imaging system. The method includes the steps of delta-sigma modulating an input analog signal of the imaging system at a frequency above the Nyquist frequency of the input analog signal to generate a digital sample stream and changing a length of the sample stream to delay a portion of the sample stream while maintaining synchronism between a delta-sigma modulator and a demodulator of the system.

Claims

1. A method of reducing distortion in a dynamically delayed digital sample stream of an imaging system, such method comprising the steps of:

delta-sigma modulating an input analog signal of the imaging system at a frequency above the Nyquist frequency of the input analog signal to generate a digital sample stream; and

changing a length of the sample stream while maintaining synchronism between a delta-sigma modulator and a demodulator of the system, thereby reducing intermodulation corruptions.

2. The method as in claim 1 wherein the step of delta-sigma modulating an input analog signal further comprises adjusting a feedback magnitude within the modulator.

3. The method as in claim 2 wherein the step of changing the length of the sample stream further comprises deleting a sample of the sample stream.

4. The method as in claim 3 wherein the step of adjusting the feedback magnitude further comprises providing a null feedback for the deleted sample.

5. The method as in claim 2 wherein the step of changing the length of the sample stream further comprises inserting another sample into the sample stream.

6. The method as in claim 5 wherein the step of inserting another sample into the sample stream further comprises repeating a sample of the sample stream.

7. The method as in claim 6 wherein the step of adjusting the feedback magnitude further comprises providing a feedback multiplier of two for the repeated sample.

8. The method as in claim 1 wherein the step of changing the length of the sample stream further comprises inserting another sample into the sample stream.

9. The method as in claim 8 wherein the step of inserting another sample into the sample stream further comprises adjusting a digital level of the delayed samples.

10. The method as in claim 9 wherein the step of adjusting the digital level of the delayed samples further comprises dividing an original sample in half to produce a pair of divided samples and substituting the pair of divided samples for the original sample.

11. The method as in claim 9 wherein the step of adjusting the digital level of the delayed samples further comprises inserting a null sample into the sample stream, where a null sample has a magnitude half way between a high and low level of the digital sample stream level.

12. Apparatus for reducing distortion in a dynamically delayed digital sample stream of an imaging system, such apparatus comprising:

means for delta-sigma modulating an input analog signal of the imaging system at a frequency above the Nyquist frequency of the input analog signal to generate the digital sample stream; and

means for changing a length of the sample stream while maintaining synchronism between the means for delta-sigma modulating and a demodulator of the system, thereby reducing intermodulation corruptions.

13. The apparatus as in claim 12 wherein the means for delta-sigma modulating the sample stream further comprises means for adjusting a feedback magnitude.

14. The apparatus as in claim 13 wherein the means for changing the length of the sample stream further comprises means for deleting a sample of the sample stream.

15. The apparatus as in claim 14 wherein the means for adjusting the feedback magnitude further comprises means for applying a feedback magnitude half-way between a high and low level for the deleted sample.

16. The apparatus as in claim 13 wherein the means for adjusting the length of the sample stream further comprises means for inserting another sample into the sample stream.

17. The apparatus as in claim 16 wherein the means for inserting another sample into the sample stream further comprises means for repeating a sample of the sample stream.

18. The apparatus as in claim 17 wherein the means for adjusting the feedback magnitude further comprises means for doubling a feedback magnitude for the repeated sample.

19. The apparatus as in claim 12 wherein the means for changing the length of the sample stream further comprises inserting another sample into the sample stream.

20. The apparatus as in claim 19 wherein the means for inserting another sample into the sample stream further comprises adjusting a digital level of the delayed samples.

21. The apparatus as in claim 20 wherein the means for adjusting the digital level of the delayed samples further comprises dividing an original sample in half to produce a pair of divided samples and substituting the pair of divided samples for the original sample.

22. The apparatus as in claim 20 wherein the means for adjusting the digital level of the delayed samples further comprises inserting a null sample into the sample stream, where a null sample has a magnitude half way between a high and low level of the digital sample stream.

23. Apparatus for reducing distortion in a dynamically delayed digital sample stream of an imaging system, such apparatus comprising:

a delta-sigma modulator which modulates an input analog signal of the imaging system at a frequency above the Nyquist frequency of the input analog signal to generate the digital sample stream; and

a sample stream controller which changes a length of the sample stream to delay a portion of the sample stream while maintaining synchronism between the means for delta-sigma modulating and a demodulator of the system.

24. The apparatus as in claim 23 wherein the delta-sigma modulator which modulates the input analog signal further comprises a feedback controller.

25. The apparatus as in claim 24 wherein the sample stream controller which changes the length of the sample stream further comprises a first programmable shift register which deletes a sample of the sample stream.

26. The apparatus as in claim 25 wherein the feedback controller further comprises an arithmetic unit which applies a feedback magnitude half way between a normal high and low level for the deleted sample.

27. The apparatus as in claim 24 wherein the sample stream controller which adjusts the length of the sample stream further comprises a second programmable shift register which inserts another sample into the sample stream.

28. The apparatus as in claim 27 wherein the sample stream controller which inserts another sample into the sample stream further comprises a memory which together with the second programmable shift register repeats a sample of the sample stream.

29. The apparatus as in claim 28 wherein the feedback controller which adjusts the feedback magnitude further comprises a feedback doubler which provides a feedback magnitude of two for the repeated sample.

30. The apparatus as in claim 23 wherein the sample stream controller which adjusts the length of the signal stream further comprises a second programmable shift register which inserts another sample to the sample stream further and a divider which divides an original sample in half to produce a pair of divided samples and substitutes the divided samples for the original sample and the inserted sample.

31. The apparatus as in claim 27 wherein the means for inserting another sample to the sample stream further comprises means for inserting a null sample into the sample stream.