Dual polarized array antenna with central polarization control
DCFirst Claim
1. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
- a plurality of dual polarized radiators, characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states, for generating substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns defined by a co-polarized pattern response having pseudo-circular symmetry properties and E- and H-plane patterns that are different by no more than approximately 3.1 dB at any value of theta over the field of view for the antenna system; and
a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators.
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Abstract
A planar array antenna having radiating elements characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states and having substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns. A distribution network, which is connected to each dual polarized radiator, communicates the electromagnetic signals from and to each radiating element. A ground plane is positioned generally parallel to and spaced apart from the radiating elements by a predetermined distance. The conductive surface of the ground plane operates to image the radiating elements over a wide coverage area, thereby enabling a radiation pattern within an azimuth plane of the antenna to be independent of any quantity of radiating elements. A central polarization control network (PCN), which is connected to the distribution network, can control the polarization states of the received signals distributed via the distribution network by the radiating elements.
178 Citations
43 Claims
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1. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators, characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states, for generating substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns defined by a co-polarized pattern response having pseudo-circular symmetry properties and E- and H-plane patterns that are different by no more than approximately 3.1 dB at any value of theta over the field of view for the antenna system; and a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators, exhibiting dual simultaneous polarization states, for generating substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns defined by a co-polarized pattern response having pseudo-circular symmetry properties and E- and H-plane patterns that are different by no more than approximately 3.1 dB at any value of theta over the field of view for the antenna system; a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; a ground plane and spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance; and a polarization control network, connected between the distribution network and at least one antenna port, for controlling polarization states of the electromagnetic signals distributed by the distribution network. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25)
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26. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states and having substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns; and a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; and a ground plane, positioned generally parallel to and spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance, said ground plane comprising a solid conductive surface having a transverse extent dimension sufficient to achieve the desired polarization state for a vertical polarization component and a non-solid conductive surface comprising an array of parallel, spaced-apart conductive elements aligned within the horizontal plane of the antenna system and symmetrically positioned along each transverse extent of the solid conductive surface, the conductive elements having a transverse extent dimension sufficient to achieve the desired polarization state for a horizontal component. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states and having substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns; a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; a polarization control network, connected between the distribution network and at least one antenna port, for controlling polarization states of the electromagnetic signals distributed by the distribution network; and a ground plane, spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance, comprising a solid conductive surface having a transverse extent dimension sufficient to achieve the desired polarization state for a vertical polarization component and a non-solid conductive surface comprising an array of parallel, spaced-apart conductive elements aligned within the horizontal plane of the antenna system and symmetrically positioned along each transverse extent of the solid conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37)
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38. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states and having substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns, each of the dual polarized radiators comprising a crossed dipole pair having a first dipole element and a second dipole element positioned orthogonal to each other, the polarization states of the crossed dipole pair maintained for a wide coverage area (half power beamwidth) of at least 45 degrees in an azimuth plane of the antenna system; a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; a polarization control network, connected between the distribution network and at least one antenna port, for controlling polarization states of the electromagnetic signals distributed by the distribution network; and a ground plane, spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance, comprising a solid conductive surface having a transverse extent dimension sufficient to achieve the desired polarization state for a vertical polarization component and a non-solid conductive surface comprising an array of parallel, spaced-apart conductive elements aligned within the horizontal plane of the antenna system and symmetrically positioned along each transverse extent of the solid conductive surface. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40)
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41. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators, exhibiting dual simultaneous polarization states, for generating substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns defined by a co-polarized pattern response having pseudo-circular symmetry properties; a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; a ground plane and spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance; and a polarization control network, connected between the distribution network and at least one antenna port, for controlling polarization states of the electromagnetic signals distributed by the distribution network, wherein the beamwidth of the antenna system in the azimuth plane is at least twice greater than or equal to the beamwidth of the antenna system in the elevation plane. - View Dependent Claims (42)
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43. An antenna system for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic signals having polarization diversity, comprising:
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a plurality of dual polarized radiators, comprising non-planar conductive elements and exhibiting dual simultaneous polarization states, for generating substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns defined by a co-polarized pattern response having pseudo-circular symmetry properties; a distribution network, connected to each of the dual polarized radiators, for communicating the electromagnetic signals from and to each of the dual polarized radiators; a ground plane and spaced apart from the dual polarized radiators by a predetermined distance; and a polarization control network, connected between the distribution network and at least one antenna port, for controlling polarization states of the electromagnetic signals distributed by the distribution network, wherein the number of radiators along the vertical extent of the antenna system are greater than or equal to twice the number of radiators along the horizontal extent of the antenna system.
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Specification