Three-dimensional image synthesis which represents images differently in multiple three dimensional spaces

• US 5,966,132 A
• Filed: 02/15/1996
• Issued: 10/12/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 06/17/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Namco Bandai Games Inc.
• Original Assignee: Namco Limited (BANDAI NAMCO Holdings Inc.)
• Inventors: Yano, Takashi, Kakizawa, Takahiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Powell, Mark R.
• Application Number:
  US08/596,236
• Time in Patent Office: 1,335 Days
• Field of Search: 345/419, 345/421-2, 345/427, 345/429-31, 345/433-39, 345/114-15, 463/6, 463/31-34
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/245 specially adapted to a particular type of game, e.g. steering wheels
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/52 involving aspects of the displayed game scene
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/5252 using two or more virtual cameras concurrently or sequentially, e.g. automatically switching between fixed virtual cameras when a character changes room or displaying a rear-mirror view in a car-driving game
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/57 Simulating properties, behaviour or motion of objects in the game world, e.g. computing tyre load in a car race game A63F13/56 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 13/803 Driving vehicles or craft, e.g. cars, airplanes, ships, robots or tanks
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/1062 being specially adapted to a type of game, e.g. steering wheel
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/64 for computing dynamical parameters of game objects, e.g. motion determination or computation of frictional forces for a virtual car
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/66 for rendering three dimensional images
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/6615 using models with different levels of detail [LOD]
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/6669 using a plurality of virtual cameras concurrently or sequentially, e.g. automatically switching between fixed virtual cameras when a character change rooms
• CPC Class Codes: A63F 2300/8017 Driving on land or water; Flying
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/20 Perspective computation
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/42 characterised by the display of patterns using a display memory without fixed position correspondence between the display memory contents and the display position on the screen

Abstract

An objective of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus that can form a sub-screen on a main screen, wherein the formation of the sub-screen does not greatly affect the formation of the main screen. A virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation section (100) performs computations for forming first and second virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces in which are placed display objects having different numbers of polygons but the same position or position and orientation. An image synthesis section (200) synthesizes a field-of-view image as seen from any desired viewpoint in these first and second virtual 3D spaces, on the basis of computation results from the virtual 3D space computation section (100). The field-of-view image of the first virtual 3D space is displayed as a main screen on a CRT (10), and a field-of-view image of the second virtual 3D space displayed as a sub-screen (rear-view mirror) that is formed on the main screen. Texture information for forming the main and sub-screens is used in common.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus comprising:

virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation means for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

image synthesis means for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation means, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation means comprises;

means for forming at least two of the virtual 3D spaces wherein first display objects in a first one of said virtual 3D spaces and second display objects in a second one of said virtual 3D spaces are used to represent same display objects, but a first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces is different from a second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces; and

said image synthesis means comprises;

means for synthesizing a first field-of-view image in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces as an image to be displayed on a main screen, wherein the first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects is larger than the second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces; and

means for synthesizing a second field-of-view image in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen, wherein the second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects is smaller than the first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces.

2. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

texture computation means for mapping texture to said display objects; and

texture information storage means for storing information on said texture to be maped by said texture computation means, wherein said texture computation means comprises;

means for using texture information stored in said texture information storage means in common, for said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces and said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces.

3. A three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus comprising:

virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation means for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting display object information that comprises either an object number and position information or an object number and position and orientation information for each of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces;

image information storage means for storing image information for an object specified by said object number; and

image synthesis means for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on said display object information and said image information read out from said image information storage means according to said object numbers, wherein said virtual 3D space computation means comprises;

means for forming a plurality of groups of display object information having either identical position information or identical position and orientation information but different object numbers, said image information storage means storing said image information which has different numbers or polygons configuring each of said objects specified by said different object numbers; and

said image synthesis means comprises;

means for synthesizing a first field-of-view image to be displayed on a main screen, based on said image information for a first object with a larger number of polygons; and

means for synthesizing a second field-of-view image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen, based on said image information for a second object with a smaller number of polygons, said first object and said second object being used to represent a same object.

4. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein:

said image information storage means stores said image information for a plurality of objects with different numbers of polygons;

said image synthesis means comprises;

means for synthesizing field-of-view images based on said image information for objects that are selected according to a given selection range from within said plurality of objects, and

wherein a first selection range of said objects for synthesizing said field-of-view image on said main screen comprises more of said objects with larger numbers of polygons than a second selection range of said objects for synthesizing said field-of-view image for said sub-screen.

5. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein:

said virtual 3D space computation means comprises;

means for omitting the formation of said plurality of groups of display object information for some of said display objects, whereby;

display on said sub-screen is omitted for some of said display objects that are displayed on said main screen.

6. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein:

said virtual 3D space computation means comprises;

means for omitting the formation of said plurality of groups of display object information for some of said display objects, whereby;

display on said sub-screen is omitted for some of said display objects that are displayed on said main screen.

7. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising:

means for dividing a map configuring said virtual 3D space into a predetermined number of segments and displaying said map by placing map objects in a segmented map;

wherein;

the number of segments of a map displayed on said main screen is greater than the number of segments of a map displayed on said sub-screen.

8. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 3, further comprising:

texture computation means for performing computations for implementing texture with respect to polygons configuring objects; and

texture information storage means for storing information on said texture implemented by said texture computation means, wherein;

said image information storage means stores vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture information in said texture information storage means as part of said image information; and

said texture computation means comprises;

means for using in common some of said vertex texture coordinates used for implementing texture on polygons of objects to be displayed on said main screen, during implementation of texture on polygons of objects to be displayed on said sub-screen.

9. A method of synthesizing an image, comprising:

a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation step for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

an image synthesis step for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation step, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation step comprises;

forming at least two of the virtual 3D spaces wherein first display objects in a first one of said virtual 3D spaces and second display objects in a second one of said virtual 3D spaces are used to represent same display objects, but a first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces is different from a second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces; and

said image synthesis step comprises;

synthesizing a first field-of-view image in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces as an image to be displayed on a main screen, wherein the first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects is larger than the second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces; and

synthesizing a second field-of-view image in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen, wherein the second number of polygons configuring each of said second display objects is smaller than the first number of polygons configuring each of said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces.

10. The image synthesis method as defined in claim 9, further comprising:

a texture computation step for mapping texture to said display objects, based on texture information stored in a given texture information storage means, said texture computation step comprising;

using said texture information stored in said texture information storage means in common, for said first display objects in the first one of said virtual 3D spaces and said second display objects in the second one of said virtual 3D spaces.

11. A method of synthesizing an image, comprising:

a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation step of computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting display object information that comprises either an object number and position information or an object number and position and orientation information for each of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

an image synthesis step of synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on said display object information and image information read out from a given image information storage means according to said object number, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation step comprises;

forming a plurality of groups of display object information having either identical position information or identical position and orientation information but different object numbers;

said image information storage means storing said image information which has different numbers of polygons configuring each of said objects specified by said different object numbers; and

said image synthesis step comprises;

synthesizing a first field-of-view image to be displayed on a main screen, based on said image information for a first object with a larger number of polygons; and

synthesizing a second field-of-view image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen, based on said image information for a second object with a smaller number of polygons, said first object and said second object being used to represent a same object.

12. The image syntheses method as defined in claim 11, further comprising:

a texture computation step for performing computations for implementing textures with respect to polygons configuring display objects, based on texture information stored in a given texture information storage means, wherein;

said image information storage means stores vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture information in said texture information storage means as part of said image information; and

said texture computation step comprises;

using in common some of said vertex texture coordinates used for implementing texture on polygons of objects to be displayed on said main screen, during implementation of texture on polygons of objects to be displayed on said sub-screen.

13. A three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus comprising:

virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation means for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

image synthesis means for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D space, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation means, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation means forms a first virtual 3D space configured by first display objects and a second virtual 3D space configured by second display objects, said first display objects and said second display objects being used to represent same display objects, but a degree of detail of said second display objects being lower than a degree of detail of said first display objects; and

said image synthesis means synthesizes a first field-of-view image in said first virtual 3D space with said high detailed first display objects, as an image to be displayed on a main screen and synthesizes a second field-of-view image in said second virtual 3D space with said low detailed second display objects, as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen.

14. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 13, wherein:

sad second virtual 3D space is formed by changing said first virtual 3D space partially.

15. A three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus comprising:

virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation means for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

image synthesis means for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation means, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation means forms a first virtual 3D space configured by first display objects and a second virtual 3D space configured by second display objects, said first display objects and said second display objects being used to represent same display objects, but with some of said second display objects omitted from being placed in said second virtual 3D space while some of said first display objects corresponding to some of said second display objects being placed in said first virtual 3D space; and

said image synthesis means synthesizes a first field-of-view image in said first virtual 3D space as an image to be displayed on a main screen with some of said first display objects being displayed and synthesizes a second field-of-view image in said second virtual 3D space as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen with some of said second display objects corresponding to some of said first display objects omitted from being displayed.

16. A three-dimensional(3D) simulator apparatus comprising:

virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation means for computing and forming a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D space;

texture computation means for mapping texture to said display objects;

texture information storage means for storing information on said texture to be mapped by said texture computation means, and

image synthesis means for synthesizing a field-of-view image as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D space, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation means, wherein;

said texture computation means uses texture information stored in said texture information storage means in common, for both high detailed display objects and low detailed display objects.

17. The three-dimensional simulator apparatus as defined in claim 16, wherein:

some of vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture mapped to said high detailed display objects are used as vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture mapped to said low detailed display objects.

18. A method of synthesizing an image, comprising:

a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation step for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces; and

an image synthesis step for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on computation results from said virtual 3D spaces computation step, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation step forms a first virtual 3D space configured by first display objects and a second virtual 3D space configured by second display objects, said first display objects and said second display objects being used to represent same display objects, but a degree of detail of said second display objects being lower than a degree of detail of said first display objects; and

said image synthesis step synthesizes a first field-of-view image in said first virtual 3D space with said high detailed first display objects, as an image to be displayed on a main screen and synthesizes a second field-of-view image in said second virtual 3D space with said low detailed second display objects, as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen.

19. The method of synthesizing an image as defined in claim 18, wherein:

said second virtual 3D space is formed by changing said first virtual 3D space partially.

20. A method of synthesizing an image, comprising:

a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation step for computing and forming virtual three-dimensional(3D) spaces by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D spaces;

an image synthesis step for synthesizing field-of-view images as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D spaces, based on computation results from said virtual 3D space computation step, wherein;

said virtual 3D space computation step forms a first virtual 3D space configured by first display objects and a second 3D space configured by second display objects, said first display objects and said second display objects being used to represent same display objects, but with some of said second display objects omitted from being placed in said second virtual 3D space while some of said first display objects corresponding to some of said second display objects being, place in said first virtual 3D space; and

said image synthesis step synthesizes a first field-of-view image in said first virtual 3D space, as an image to be displayed on a main screen with some of said first display objects being displayed and synthesizes a second field-of-view image in said second virtual 3D space, as an image to be displayed on at least one sub-screen with some of said second display objects corresponding to some of said first display objects omitted from being displayed.

21. A method of synthesizing an image, comprising:

a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space computation step for computing and forming a virtual three-dimensional(3D) space by setting either position or position and orientation of a plurality of display objects configuring said virtual 3D space;

texture computation step for mapping texture to said display objects, information on said texture to be mapped by said texture computation step being stored in texture information storage means; and

an image synthesis step for synthesizing a field-of-view image as seen from any desired viewpoint within said virtual 3D space, such that computation results from said virtual 3D space computation step, wherein;

said texture computation step uses texture information stored in said texture information storage means in common, for both high detailed display objects and low detailed display objects.

22. The method of synthesizing an image as defined in claim 21, wherein:

some of vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture mapped to said high detailed display objects are used as vertex texture coordinates for specifying texture mapped to sad low detailed display objects.