Media-independent document security method and apparatus

• US 5,974,548 A
• Filed: 07/12/1996
• Issued: 10/26/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Novell Incorporated (Open Text Corporation)
• Inventors: Adams, Phillip M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hua, Ly
• Application Number:
  US08/680,565
• Time in Patent Office: 1,201 Days
• Field of Search: 395/186, 395/133, 395/508, 380/51, 382/173, 358/426, 358/468, 358/444, 358/401, 358/300, 713/200, 713/201, 713/202
• US Class Current: 713/186
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0021 Image watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32138 in an electronic device attached to the sheet, e.g. in an RFID tag
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32144 embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3233 of authentication information, e.g. digital signature, watermark
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/327 which are undetectable to the naked eye, e.g. embedded codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3271 Printing or stamping
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3274 Storage or retrieval of prestored additional information

Abstract

A method and apparatus for providing media-independent security for a document may be programmed to create a document file having two or more components. In one embodiment, a document may include a background object, an image object (e.g. text, graphic, both, or the like), and a watermark object. When output, the image object is directly interpretable by a user. Meanwhile, in the background object, watermark object, or both, a high-resolution pattern may be stored to be output with all copies of the document. Encoded in some binary symbol in the pattern is security data. Resolution is high enough that the binary symbols are undetectable by a human eye. A processor may be programmed to recognize (e.g. read) the pattern, decode the pattern into binary data, and decode the binary data to characters directly interpretable by a user. Information relating to creation and control of a document, signature, or the like, may all be encoded independent from the principal image (e.g. text, graphic), to be virtually undetectable by human eyes, yet non-removeable by copying methods, including photocopying, scanning, electronic storage, and the like.

Claims

1. A machine for providing media-independent security for a document, the machine comprising:

a processor programmed to execute instructions effective to create a document file and security instructions effective to create a security code; and

a memory device operably connected to the processor to store the document file, the memory device comprising;

a security executable comprising the security instructions to be executed by the processor;

a first block storing a substantive portion containing data corresponding to a readable image, readable by a user, and adaptable to be output by the processor as part of a document,

a second block storing a format portion containing data corresponding to a layout of the document effective to be incorporated with the document by the processor for presentation to a user, and

a third block storing a security portion, corresponding to the security code and independent from the substantive portion, the security portion containing data corresponding to a security image effective to be output by the processor as an inseparable part of the document, independent of medium, but rendered by the processor to be output as an image, visually undetectable and visually unreadable by a user.

2. The machine of claim 1, further comprising an input device operably connected to the processor to provide an input signal selected by a user, the input signal corresponding to security data to be encoded in the security portion to correspond to the security code.

3. The machine of claim 2, further comprising an output device operably connected to the processor to receive an output signal corresponding to the document file, the output device being adaptable to output a document corresponding to the document file in a medium adaptable to render the substantive portion readable by a user and the security portion readable only at a resolution greater than the resolution of human vision.

4. The machine of claim 1, further comprising an output device operably connected to the processor to receive an output signal corresponding to the document file, the output device being adaptable to output a document corresponding to the document file in a medium adaptable to render the substantive portion readable by a user and the security portion readable only at a resolution greater than the resolution of human vision.

5. The machine of claim 4 wherein the output device further comprises a printer having a resolution sufficient to print a pattern of marks at a resolution greater than that of the eye of a user.

6. The machine of claim 4 wherein the output device further comprises a monitor having a screen to output a substantive image corresponding to the substantive portion, independent from the security portion, and readable by a user.

7. The machine of claim 1 further comprising:

a scanner operably connected to the processor to read a hard copy of the document into a bit map to transfer the document to document data corresponding to the substantive portion and the security portion independent from the substantive portion; and

the processor programmed to execute a document processor adapted to read the substantive portion and the security portion of the document data.

8. The machine of claim 7 wherein the document processor further comprises executables effective to read and store the substantive portion and the security portion independently from one another.

9. The machine of claim 7 wherein the bit map comprises a security pattern, encoded in binary symbols corresponding to the security portion.

10. the machine of claim 7 wherein the processor is further programmed to execute a security executable, the security executable comprising a set of instructions effective to operate on the security portion, and wherein the security data corresponds to security information input in plain text selected by a user to be encoded by the security executable for placement in the security portion of the document.

11. The machine of claim 10 wherein the security executable further contains a set of instructions effective to convert the security plain text to security binary data associated with a pattern selected by a user as a part of the security information, and included in the security portion.

12. The machine of claim 1 wherein the processor is further programmed to execute a palette module effective to present a pattern encoding palette to a user for selecting a pattern for encoding the security portion.

13. The machine of claim 1 wherein the processor is further programmed to execute a security data input module effective to receive inputs from a user, the inputs corresponding to security data to be encoded in the security portion.

14. The machine of claim 1 wherein the processor is further programmed to execute a word processor effective to read and write data corresponding to the substantive portion between the processor, an input device for receiving inputs from a user, and an output device for outputting the document to a user.

15. The machine of claim 1 wherein the processor is programmed to create the document file as objects including at least two objects selected from the group consisting of a background object, an image object, and a watermark object.

16. The machine of claim 15 wherein the background object, image object, and watermark object are associated with a background plane, an image plane, and a watermark plane, respectively.

17. The machine of claim 1 wherein the security portion comprises a bit map representation of a security pattern encoding in binary symbols security data input to the processor.

18. The machine of claim 17 wherein the symbols comprise a graphic having a length, a width, and blank space.

19. The machine of claim 18 wherein the graphic has an aspect ratio, comprising the length divided by the width, of at least three.

20. The machine of claim 18 wherein the width is less than the length and the length is at least three dots long.

21. The machine of claim 18 further comprising the processor programmed to execute a reading application effective to reading the binary symbols, and wherein the length is sufficiently long to be readable by the reading application, while the length and width are sufficiently small to be unrecognizable to a user.

22. The machine of claim 21 wherein the length and width are sized to be effective to indicate an orientation of the symbols when read by the reading application.

23. A method for providing media-independent security for a document containing security information associated with the document, the method comprising:

inputting, into an input device, image data corresponding to an interpretable image displayable by a display device in an interpretable format to be readily interpretable by a user;

inputting into the input device security data corresponding to the security information;

creating, in a first medium, a document comprising;

a substantive portion containing substantive data corresponding to the image data and transferable in a plurality of media;

a security portion independent from the substantive portion, the security portion comprising symbols unintelligible to a user by visual inspection of the document in the readable format, and the symbols, arranged to represent a security image containing the security data encoded by the symbols, and effective to be inseparably transferred with the document, independent of each medium of the plurality of media, whenever the substantive portion is transferred in said each medium;

transferring the document into a second medium of the plurality of media;

decoding the symbols into binary security data representing the security information; and

outputting the binary security data to an output device in a format retrievable to be interpretable as the security information.

24. the method of claim 23 wherein decoding further comprises:

transforming the symbols in the security portion into a bit map;

capturing a first header containing a target pattern;

synchronizing a reading device to begin reading the symbols proximate the first header;

orienting the reading device in accordance with a direction indicated by the target pattern; and

reading the symbols distributed between the first header and a second header.

25. The method of claim 24 wherein the target pattern is comprised of a selected number of the symbols arranged in a pre-designated pattern.

26. A memory device having blocks of memory effective to store a media-independent security code and an associated document processable by a document processor, the document processor comprising an executable loadable to run on a computer operably associated with the memory device, an input device, and an output device, the memory device comprising:

a first block programmed to store an executable, loadable to run on a computer as a document processor application;

a second block programmed to store substantive data corresponding to information in a document presentable in a format interpretable directly by a user;

a third block programmed to store format data useable by the executable to format the substantive data in the document in a layout presentable to the user;

a fourth block programmed to store security data corresponding to security information input through the input device, the security data being independent from the substantive data and stored independently from the substantive data; and

a fifth block programmed to store a security executable, loadable to run on the computer as a security processor effective to process the security data and to include, inseparably from the substantive content, the security data in the document independently of the medium in which the document is represented.

27. The memory device of claim 26 wherein the security executable comprises instructions operable to program the computer to provide output data to the output device effective to produce a security image in the document as output by the output device in a security format rendering the security image uninterpretable by a viewer interpreting the document.

28. The memory device of claim 26 further comprising a rendering buffer storing output data comprising the substantive data and security data combined in a buffer format to be transmitted to the output device.

29. The memory device of claim 28 wherein the buffer format is effective to output to the output device the output data in a transfer format effective to control the output device to output in the document a substantive image corresponding to the substantive data and directly interpretable by a viewer visually inspecting the document, and to output a security image corresponding to the security data and uninterpretable by the viewer.

30. The memory device of claim 28 wherein the rendering buffer stores background data combined with the security data and effective to include the security data in a background image output by the output device in the document.

31. The memory device of claim 28 wherein the rendering buffer stores watermark data combined with the security data and effective to include the security data in a watermark image output by the output device in the document.

32. The memory device of claim 26 further comprising a pattern block comprising pattern encoding data for encoding the security data in a security image to be output in the document by the output device.

33. The memory device of claim 32 wherein the pattern block further comprises palette data corresponding to the pattern encoding data, and effective to present to a user for selection by a user, a plurality of encoding patterns corresponding the encoding data.

34. The memory device of claim 26 wherein the memory device is comprised of a plurality of storage devices adapted to receive data.

35. The memory device of claim 26 further comprising security data corresponding to security codes obscured in a pattern unrecognizable to a user, synchronizing data to synchronize a reader to recognized the pattern, symbol interpretation data to enable the processor to read the pattern to produce a binary code, decoding data to enable the processor to decode the binary code into characters recognizable by a user.