Load balancing of distributed printing systems using enhanced printer attributes

• US 5,978,560 A
• Filed: 11/07/1997
• Issued: 11/02/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/07/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Fan, Shengkuo, Nesbitt, David Paul, Tan, Shee-Yen, Fung, Joseph Z.
• Primary Examiner(s): Coles, Edward L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): WALLERSON, MARK E
• Application Number:
  US08/966,409
• Time in Patent Office: 725 Days
• Field of Search: 395/101, 395/111, 395/112, 395/114, 395/115, 358/296, 358/405, 358/407, 358/406
• US Class Current: 358/1.15
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2206/1508 Load balancing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/1211 Improving printing performance
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/1229 Printer resources management or printer maintenance, e.g. device status, power levels
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/126 Job scheduling, e.g. queuing, determine appropriate device
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/1285 Remote printer device, e.g. being remote from client or server
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5044 considering hardware capabilities
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/505 considering the load

Abstract

A distributed printing system that more optimally distributes job requests within a distributed printing system based on more detailed information about the particular attributes of each output device. In particular, additional printer attributes are used that allow greater utilization of a plurality of attached printers having differing capabilities. These attributes include "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" (MCJP), "number-of-jobs-on-device" (NJOD) and "number-of-cascaded-jobs" (NCJ), and a attribute value "saturated" for the attribute "printer-state". The attribute MCJP is an integer value that is based on the capabilities of the printer. NJOB and NCJ attributes allow monitoring of jobs sent to each printer for supported and unsupported printers. If NJOB or NCJ are greater than MCJP, then the attribute "printer-state" is set to "saturated", prohibiting further spooling of print jobs to that particular printer.

Claims

1. A distributed printing system that achieves load balancing on an associated output device, comprising:

a printer system that receives print requests representing jobs to be printed;

at least one output device associated with the printer system; and

an attribute database associated with the printer system and containing printer attributes, the attributes including "max-concurrent-jobs-processing", "printer-state" having a "saturated" attribute value and one of "number-of-jobs-on-device" and "number-of-cascaded-jobs", the attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" being assigned a numeric value corresponding to a number of concurrent print jobs that can be handled by the at least one output device, the attribute "number-of-cascaded-jobs" being a dynamic attribute having a value that is incremented by the printing system upon sending a print job to the at least one output device, the attribute "number-of-jobs-on-device" being a dynamic attribute that is updated by the at least one output device, and the attribute "printer-state" being a dynamic attribute that is set to "saturated" when one of the "number-of-jobs-on-device" and "number-of-cascaded-jobs" attributes has a value greater than or equal to the value of the attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing", the printing system being prevented from sending a print job to the at least one output device when the "printer-state" attribute is set to "saturated".

2. The distributed printing system of claim 1, wherein the attributes "max-concurrent-jobs-processing", "number-of-jobs-on-device" and "number-of-cascaded-jobs" have integer values.

3. The distributed printing system of claim 1, further comprising incrementing means for incrementing the value of the "number-of-cascaded-jobs" attribute upon sending of a print job to the at least one output device.

4. The distributed printing system of claim 3, wherein the output device provides a query response indicating completion of a print job and the printing system further includes a decrementing means responsive to the querying response to decrement the value of the "number-of-cascaded-jobs" attribute.

5. The distributed printing system of claim 1, wherein the output device is one of a printer, a fax machine and a pager.

6. The distributed printing system of claim 5, wherein at least two output devices are associated with the printing system.

7. The distributed printing system of claim 6, wherein the at least two output devices have corresponding "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" attributes with different values.

8. The distributed printing system of claim 1, wherein the printing system includes an updating means for updating the "number-of-jobs-on-device" attribute in the attribute database based on a query response received from the at least one output device.

9. The distributed printing system of claim 1, wherein the printing system includes a spooler that receives print requests and queues received print jobs and a server, responsive to the attributes within the attributes database, that sends job requests to the spooler and manages print job flow to the at least one output device.

10. A method of performing load balancing in a distributed printing system having at least one output device, comprising:

storing printer attributes in a database, the printer attributes including;

an attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" assigned a numeric value corresponding to a number of concurrent print jobs that can be handled by the at least one output device,

an attribute "printer-state" having a value "saturated", and

at least one of;

an attribute "number-of-cascaded-jobs" that is a dynamic attribute having a value that is incremented by the printing system upon sending a print job to the at least one output device, and

an attribute "number-of-jobs-on-device" that is a dynamic attribute that is updated by the at least one output device;

receiving a print request;

generating a print job from the print request and storing the print job until the print job can be sent to the at least one output device;

comparing at least one of the attributes "number-of-jobs-on-device" and "number-of-cascaded-jobs" attributes against the attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" and setting the attribute "printer-state" to "saturated" for the at least one output device when either has a value greater than or equal to the value of the attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing; and

sending the print job to the at least one output device if the attribute "printer-state" is idle or printing.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the printing system is a client/server distributed printing system comprising a client, a spooler, a supervisor, and at least one output device, the method further comprising:

receiving a print request from the client at the spooler;

generating a print job from the request and storing the print job in a queue within the spooler;

generating a job request at the supervisor when at least one of the output devices has the attribute "printer-state" value equal to idle or printing; and

sending the print job to the supervisor in response to the job request for subsequent sending to the at least one output device.

12. The method of claim 10, further comprising incremented the attribute "number-of-cascaded-jobs" upon sending the print job to the at least one output device.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising decrementing the attribute "number-of-cascaded-jobs" upon indication of completion of the print job by the at least one output device.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein at least two output devices are provided and respective "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" attributes are different based on differing capabilities of the respective output devices.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the attributes are periodically updated and the step of comparing is periodically conducted.

16. The method of claim 10, further comprising initializing the attributes.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising manually entering the attribute "max-concurrent-jobs-processing" into the database.

18. The method of claim 16, further comprising setting the attribute "number-of-jobs-on-device" to "null" and disregarding the "number-of-jobs-on-device" attribute if the output device does not support the "number-of-jobs-on-device" attribute.