System and method for enhanced speech quality in voice storage and retrieval systems

• US 5,991,725 A
• Filed: 03/07/1995
• Issued: 11/23/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 03/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Microsemi Semiconductor (U.S.) Inc. (Microchip Technology Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
• Inventors: Ireton, Mark, Asghar, Saf
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Opsasnick, Michael N.
• Application Number:
  US08/399,497
• Time in Patent Office: 1,722 Days
• Field of Search: 395/2.1, 395/2.12, 395/2.17, 395/2.2, 395/2.24, 395/2.28, 395/2.35, 395/2.38, 395/2.39, 704/201, 704/203, 704/208, 704/211, 704/215, 704/219, 704/226, 704/229, 704/230, 704/270
• US Class Current: 704/270
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/04 using predictive techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 2019/0012 Smoothing of parameters of the decoder interpolation
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 21/0364 for improving intelligibility

Abstract

A digital voice data storage and retrieval system using a low bit rate encoder which provides enhanced speech signal quality while also reducing memory size requirements. The system comprises a voice coder/decoder which preferably includes a digital signal processor (DSP) and also preferably includes a local memory. During encoding of the voice data, the voice coder/decoder receives voice input waveforms and generates a parametric representation of the voice data. A storage memory is coupled to the voice coder/decoder for storing the parametric data. During decoding of the voice data, the voice coder/decoder receives the parametric data from the storage memory and reproduces the voice waveforms. According to the invention, an interframe smoothing method is performed on the parametric data after encoding of all of the speech data has completed and the parametric data has been stored in the storage memory. The interframe smoothing is performed either in the background after the coding process has completed or in real time during the decoding process immediately prior to converting the parametric data back to signal waveforms. Since all of the voice input data has already been converted to parametric data and stored in memory, parametric data from a virtually unlimited number of prior and successive frames is available for use by the smoothing algorithm. Therefore, the present invention provides more accurate smoothing and provides enhanced speech signal quality over prior systems.

Claims

1. A method for storage and retrieval of digital voice data, comprising the steps of:

receiving input voice waveforms;

converting said input voice waveforms into digital voice data;

encoding said digital voice data into a plurality of parameters for each of a plurality of frames of said digital voice data;

storing said plurality of parameters in a storage memory;

reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory after a conclusion of said steps of (a) receiving input voice waveforms, (b) converting said input voice waveforms, (c) encoding said digital voice data, and (d) storing said plurality of parameters in a storage memory; and

smoothing said plurality of parameters to remove discontinuities from said plurality of parameters after said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory;

wherein, for one or more of said plurality of parameters, said step of smoothing comprises;

comparing a first parameter in a first frame with like parameters from a plurality of prior frames and a plurality of subsequent frames to determine if said first parameter varies from said like parameters from said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames; and

replacing said first parameter with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies from said like parameters from said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of smoothing produces a smoothed plurality of parameters, the method further comprising:

generating speech signal waveforms based on said smoothed plurality of parameters after said step of smoothing.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of smoothing produces a smoothed plurality of parameters, the method further comprising:

storing said smoothed plurality of parameters in said storage memory after said step of smoothing.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

reading said smoothed plurality of parameters from said storage memory after said step of storing said smoothed plurality of parameters; and

generating speech signal waveforms based on said smoothed plurality of parameters after said step of reading said smoothed plurality of parameters from said storage memory.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of comparing comprises comparing said first parameter in said first frame with like parameters from a plurality of prior consecutive frames and a plurality of subsequent consecutive frames.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein said step of comparing comprises comparing said first parameter in said first frame with like parameters from eight prior consecutive frames and eight subsequent consecutive frames.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of smoothing further comprises:

reading additional like parameters from said storage memory after said step of comparing if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies substantially from said parameters in said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames; and

comparing said first parameter with said additional parameters read in said step of reading said additional parameters to determine if said first parameter varies substantially.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of encoding generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames;

and

wherein said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory includes storing ones of said plurality of parameters in a plurality of buffers, wherein parameters of the same type from a plurality of said plurality of frames are stored in each of said plurality of buffers.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, for each of said buffers, said step of smoothing comprises:

comparing a first parameter in a first buffer with other parameters in said first buffer to determine if said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer; and

replacing said first parameter with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein said plurality of buffers have differing sizes for different types of parameters.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said step of storing said plurality of parameters in said plurality of buffers comprises storing a first number of parameters of a first type in a first buffer and storing a second number of parameters of a second type in a second buffer, whereby said first number is different than said second number.

12. The method of claim 8, wherein said plurality of buffers comprise a plurality of circular buffers.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of encoding generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames;

and

wherein said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory includes storing ones of said plurality of parameters in one or more buffers, wherein parameters of a first type are stored in a first buffer and parameters of a second type remain in said storage memory and are not stored in a buffer;

wherein said step of smoothing comprises;

comparing a first parameter of said first type in said first buffer with other parameters of said first type in said first buffer to determine if said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer;

replacing said first parameter with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer;

reading parameters of said second type from said storage memory from a plurality of said plurality of frames;

comparing a first parameter of said parameters of said second type with other parameters of said second type;

replacing said first parameter of said parameters of said second type with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter of said parameters of said second type varies substantially from other parameters of said second type.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of encoding comprises generating a plurality of like parameters for a first type of parameter in one or more of said plurality of frames, the method further comprising:

performing intraframe smoothing on said plurality of like parameters of said first type for each of said one or more of said plurality of frames, wherein said step of performing intraframe smoothing generates a single parameter value of said first type based on said plurality of parameter values of said first type for each of one or more of said plurality of said frames.

15. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

transforming said plurality of parameters from a first form to a second form more suitable for smoothing, wherein said step of transforming is performed after said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory and prior to said step of smoothing said plurality of parameters;

transforming said smoothed plurality of parameters back to said first form after said step of smoothing said plurality of parameters; and

storing said plurality of parameters in said storage memory after said step of transforming said smoothed plurality of parameters to said first form.

16. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing said digital voice data in a memory prior to said step of encoding, wherein said digital voice data can be partitioned into a plurality of frames of digital voice data.

17. A digital voice storage and retrieval system which provides enhanced speech quality, comprising:

a memory store;

a processor which receives input voice waveforms, generates a plurality of parameters representative of said input voice waveforms, and stores said plurality of parameters in said memory store, wherein said input voice waveforms can be partitioned into a plurality of frames and said processor generates said plurality of parameters for said plurality of frames of said input voice waveforms;

a local memory coupled to said processor for storing a first plurality of said plurality of parameters, wherein said first plurality of parameters includes a first parameter in a first frame being smoothed and like parameters from a plurality of prior and subsequent frames relative to said first frame;

wherein said processor reads said first plurality of parameters from said memory store and stores said first plurality of parameters in said local memory after a conclusion of (a) receiving the input voice waveforms, (b) generating the plurality of parameters, and (c) storing the plurality of parameters in said memory store;

wherein said processor performs a smoothing operation on said first plurality of parameters in said local memory after reading said first plurality of parameters from said memory store and storing said first plurality of parameters in said local memory, wherein said smoothing operation removes at least one discontinuity from said first plurality of parameters;

wherein said processor performs smoothing operations on said first parameter in said local memory using said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames.

18. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 17, wherein said processor generates speech signal waveforms based on said first plurality of parameters after performing said smoothing operation on said first plurality of parameters in said local memory.

19. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 17, wherein said processor stores said smoothed first plurality of parameters in said storage memory after performing said smoothing operation on said first plurality of parameters in said local memory.

20. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 19, wherein said processor generates speech signal waveforms based on said first plurality of parameters after performing said smoothing operation on said first plurality of parameters in said local memory and after said processor stores said smoothed first plurality of parameters in said storage memory.

21. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claims 17, wherein said processor comprises:

means for comparing said first parameter in said first frame with said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames to determine if said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames; and

means for replacing said first parameter with a new value if said means for comparing determines that the said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames.

22. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 21, wherein said processor reads additional like parameters from said memory store after operation of said means for comparing if said means for comparing determines that said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters in said plurality of prior and subsequent frames;

and

wherein said means for comparing compares said first parameter with said additional like parameters to determine if said first parameter varies substantially.

23. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 17, wherein said processor generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames of said voice input waveforms;

wherein said local memory includes a plurality of buffers corresponding to said parameters of different types;

wherein said processor reads said parameters from said memory store and stores said parameters of the same type in said buffers in said local memory.

24. The digital voice storage and retrieval system of claim 23, wherein said plurality of buffers have differing sizes for different types of parameters.

25. A method for storage and retrieval of digital parametric data, comprising the steps of:

receiving input digital data;

encoding said digital data into a plurality of parameters for each of a plurality of frames of said digital data;

storing said plurality of parameters in a storage memory;

reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory after a conclusion of said steps of (a) receiving input digital data, (b) encoding said digital data, and (c) storing said plurality of parameters in a storage memory; and

smoothing said plurality of parameters to remove discontinuities from said plurality of parameters after said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory;

wherein said smoothing comprises;

comparing a first parameter in a first frame with like parameters from a plurality of prior frames and a plurality of subsequent frames to determine if said first parameter varies from said like parameters from said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames; and

replacing said first parameter with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies from said like parameters from said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of smoothing produces a smoothed plurality of parameters, the method further comprising:

storing said smoothed plurality of parameters in said storage memory after said step of smoothing.

27. The method of claims 25, wherein said step of smoothing further comprises:

reading additional like parameters from said storage memory after said step of comparing if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters in said plurality of prior frames and said plurality of subsequent frames; and

comparing said first parameter with said additional like parameters read in said step of reading said additional parameters to determine if said first parameter varies substantially.

28. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of encoding generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames;

and

wherein said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory includes storing ones of said plurality of parameters in a plurality of buffers, wherein parameters of the same type from a plurality of said plurality of frames are stored in each of said plurality of buffers.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein said plurality of buffers have differing sizes for different types of parameters.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein said step of storing said plurality of parameters in said plurality of buffers comprises storing a first number of parameters of a first type in a first buffer and storing a second number of parameters of a second type in a second buffer, whereby said first number is different than said second number.

31. The method of claim 28, wherein said plurality of buffers comprise a plurality of circular buffers.

32. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of encoding generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames;

and

wherein said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory includes storing ones of said plurality of parameters in one or more buffers, wherein parameters of a first type are stored in a first buffer and parameters of a second type remain in said storage memory and are not stored in a buffer;

wherein said step of smoothing comprises;

comparing a first parameter of said first type in said first buffer with other parameters of said first type in said first buffer to determine if said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer;

replacing said first parameter with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter varies substantially from said other parameters in said first buffer;

reading parameters of said second type from said storage memory from a plurality of said plurality of frames;

comparing a first parameter of said parameters of said second type with other parameters of said second type;

replacing said first parameter of said parameters of said second type with a new value if said step of comparing indicates that said first parameter of said parameters of said second type varies substantially from other parameters of said second type.

33. The method of claim 25, wherein said step of encoding comprises generating a plurality of like parameters for a first type of parameter in one or more of said plurality of frames, the method further comprising:

performing intraframe smoothing on said plurality of like parameters of said first type for each of said one or more of said plurality of frames, wherein said step of performing intraframe smoothing generates a single parameter value of said first type based on said plurality of parameter values of said first type for each of one or more of said plurality of said frames.

34. The method of claim 25, further comprising:

transforming said plurality of parameters from a first form to a second form more suitable for smoothing, wherein said step of transforming is performed after said step of reading said plurality of parameters from said storage memory and prior to said step of smoothing said plurality of parameters;

transforming said smoothed plurality of parameters back to said first form after said step of smoothing said plurality of parameters; and

storing said plurality of parameters in said storage memory after said step of transforming said smoothed plurality of parameters to said first form.

35. The method of claim 25, wherein said input digital data comprises voice data.

36. The method of claim 25, wherein said input digital data comprises video data.

37. A digital data storage and retrieval system which provides enhanced speech quality, comprising:

a processor which receives input digital data and generates a plurality of parameters representative of said input digital data, wherein said input digital data can be partitioned into a plurality of frames and said processor generates said plurality of parameters for said plurality of frames of said input digital data;

a memory store coupled to said processor for storing said plurality of parameters;

a local memory coupled to said processor for storing a first plurality of said plurality of parameters, wherein said first plurality of parameters includes a first parameter in a first frame being smoothed and like parameters from a plurality of prior and subsequent frames relative to said first frame;

wherein said processor reads said first plurality of parameters from said memory store and stores said first plurality of parameters in said local memory;

wherein said processor performs a smoothing operation on said first parameter in said local memory after reading said first plurality of parameters from said memory store and storing said first plurality of parameters in said local memory;

wherein said processor performs said smoothing operation on said first parameter in said local memory using said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames.

38. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said processor stores said smoothed first plurality of parameters in said storage memory after performing said smoothing operation on said first plurality of parameters in said local memory.

39. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said processor comprises:

means for comparing said first parameter in said first frame with said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames to determine if said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames; and

means for replacing said first parameter with a new value if said means for comparing determines that said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters from said plurality of prior and subsequent frames.

40. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said processor reads additional like parameters from said memory store after operation of said means for comparing if said means for comparing determines that said first parameter varies substantially from said like parameters in said plurality of prior and subsequent frames;

and

wherein said means for comparing compares said first parameter with said additional like parameters to determine if said first parameter varies substantially.

41. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said processor generates a plurality of parameters of different types for each of said plurality of frames of said input digital data;

wherein said local memory includes a plurality of buffers corresponding to said parameters of different types;

wherein said processor reads said parameters from said memory store and stores said parameters of the same type in said buffers in said local memory.

42. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 41, wherein said plurality of buffers have differing sizes for different types of parameters.

43. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said input digital data comprises voice data.

44. The digital data storage and retrieval system of claim 37, wherein said input digital data comprises video data.