Pulsation free pump

• US 5,993,174 A
• Filed: 11/18/1996
• Issued: 11/30/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/23/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nikkiso Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Nikkiso Company Limited
• Inventors: Konishi, Yoshiaki
• Primary Examiner(s): Thorpe, Timothy S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Gartenberg, Ehud
• Application Number:
  US08/751,715
• Time in Patent Office: 1,107 Days
• Field of Search: 417/413.1, 417/415, 417/486, 417/504, 417/502, 417/503, 417/521, 417/221, 417/222.1, 92/71, 92/138
• US Class Current: 417/413.1
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 11/0058 with piston speed control
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/00 Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids F04B45/00

Abstract

The invention provides a pulsation free pump which includes a plurality of hydraulic diaphragm pumps, a plurality of plungers corresponding to the hydraulic diaphragm pumps, each of the plungers performing a reciprocal movement which provides a pumping cycle operation of corresponding one of the plurality of hydraulic diaphragm pumps and an adjustable exhaust differential pressure regulating valve. Each of the pumping cycles includes a discharge process and a subsequent suction process. A controller is provided for controlling reciprocal movements of the plungers in association with each other at a predetermined difference in phase of the pumping cycle. The controller controls the reciprocal movement of each of the plungers so as to set a preliminary pressure-rising process just before the discharge process so that a discharge flow rate of each of the diaphragm pumps is initiated to increase without any time delay when the pumping cycle enters into the discharge process so that a total discharge flow rate defined by the sum of the discharge flow rates of all of the plungers is kept constant and free of any substantial pulsation.

Claims

1. A pulsation free pump comprising:

a plurality of hydraulic diaphragm pumps;

a plurality of plungers provided to correspond to said hydraulic diaphragm pumps, each of said plungers performing a reciprocal movement which provides a pumping cycle operation corresponding to one of said plurality of hydraulic diaphragm pumps, each of the pumping cycles comprising a discharge process and a subsequent suction process; and

means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers in association with each other at a predetermined difference in phase of the pumping cycle,

said diaphragm pump comprising a hydraulic diaphragm pump provided with an air exhaust differential pressure regulating valve which operates in accordance with a difference in pressure between an external atmospheric pressure and a liquid in a pump chamber of said hydraulic pump so that in said discharge process not on said liquid but also an air in said sump chamber are exhausted from said pump chamber by a large pressure difference through said air exhaust differential pressure regulating valve whilst in said subsequent suction process only said liquid is returned in said pump chamber so as to exhaust the air in said pump chamber,

said air exhaust differential pressure regulating valve comprising a ball valve movable between an upstream valve seat positioned near said pump chamber at an upstream side and a downstream valve seat positioned far from said pump chamber so that in said discharge process said ball valve is made to securely contact with said downstream valve seat whilst in said subsequent suction process said ball valve is made to securely contact with said upstream valve seat,

a distance between said upstream valve seat and said downstream valve seat being adjustable to adjust an amount of said liquid exhausted from said pump chamber in said discharge process,

wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers controls said reciprocal movement of each of said plungers so as to set a preliminary pressure-rising process just before said discharge process so that a discharge flow rate of each of said diaphragm pumps is initiated to increase without any time delay when said pumping cycle enters into said discharge process whereby a total discharge flow rate defined by the sum of said discharge flow rates of all of said plungers is kept constant and free of any substantial pulsation.

2. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discharge process further comprises:

a uniformly and positively accelerated motion period during which a discharge flow rate of each of said plungers uniformly increases from zero to a positive value;

a positive uniform motion period during which the increased discharge flow rate of each of said plungers remains unchanged at said positive value; and

a uniformly and negatively accelerated motion period during which the discharge flow rate of each of said plungers uniformly decreases from said positive value to zero;

wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is designed and adapted so that when one of said plural hydraulic diaphragm pumps operates at said positive value the remaining of said plural hydraulic diaphragm pumps operate at less than said positive value.

3. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a plurality of cam followers mechanically connected to said plungers, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis vertical to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a plurality of disk-like cams provided corresponding to said plungers, said disk-like cams being rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft, said disk-like cams having rotation centers being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft so as to have a predetermined phase difference from each other, and each of said disk-like cams having a peripheral side edge always in contact with said cam follower,

wherein said peripheral side edge of each of said disk-like cams varies in distance from said rotation center over a rotation angle of said disk-like cam so that as said rotation angle is increased, said distance from said rotation center continuously decreases to a minimum distance to provide said suction process and then slightly increases from said minimum distance to form a hillock on said peripheral side edge of said disk-like cam so as to provide said pressure-rising process before said distance continuously increases up to a maximum distance to provide said discharge process.

4. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a plurality of cam followers mechanically connected to said plungers, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis vertical to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a plurality of disk-like cams provided corresponding to said plungers, said disk-like cams being rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft, said disk-like cams having rotation centers being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft so as to have a predetermined phase difference from each other, and one surface of each of said disk-like cams having an annular guide groove receiving said cam follower to engage said disk-like cam with said cam follower,

wherein said annular guide groove of each of said disk-like cams varies in distance from said rotation center over a rotation angle of said disk-like cam so that a s said rotation angle is increased, said distance from said rotation center continuously decreases to a minimum distance to provide said suction process and then slightly increases from said minimum distance so as to provide said pressure-rising process before said distance continuously increases up to a maximum distance to provide said discharge process.

5. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a pair of cam followers mechanically connected to two of said plungers respectively, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis vertical to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a single disk-like cam rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft, said single disk-like cam having a rotation center being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft and said single disk-like cam having a peripheral side edge always in contact with said paired cam followers at radially opposite ends so that said paired cam followers and said rotation center of said single disk-like cam are aligned on a straight line to provide a 180°

phase difference bet ween said plungers,

wherein said peripheral side edge of said single disk-like cam varies in distance from said rotation center over a rotation angle of said disk-like cam so that as said rotation angle is increased, said distance from said rotation center continuously decreases to minimum distance to provide said suction process and then slightly increases from said minimum distance to form a hillock on said peripheral side edge of said disk-like cam so as to provide said pressure-rising process before said distance continuously increases up to a maximum distance to provide said discharge process.

6. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a plurality of cam followers mechanically connected to said plungers, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis parallel to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a single disk-like cam rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft, said single disk-like cam having a rotation center being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft, and one surface of said single disk-like cam having an annular ridge projecting in parallel to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft so that a top surface of said annular ridge is always in contact with said cam followers,

wherein said annular ridge of said single disk-like cam varies in height over a rotation angle of said disk-like cam so that as said rotation angle is increased, said height of said annular ridge continuously decreases to a minimum height to provide said suction process and then slightly increases from said minimum height to form a hillock on said top surface of said annular ridge so as to provide said pressure-rising process before said height continuously increases up to a maximum height to provide said discharge process.

7. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a plurality of cam followers mechanically connected to said plungers, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis parallel to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a single cylindrically shaped cam rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shaft, said single cylindrically shaped cam having a rotation center being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft, and a cylindrical side face of said single cylindrically shaped cam having an annular guide groove receiving said cam follower to engage said single cylindrically shaped cam with said cam followers,

wherein said annular guide groove of said single cylindrically shaped cam varies in level parallel to said fixed axis over a rotation angle of said single cylindrically shaped cam so that as said rotation angle is increased, said level of said annular guide groove continuously drops to a bottom level to provide said suction process and then slightly rises from said bottom level to provide said pressure-rising process before said level of said annular guide groove continuously rises up to a top level to provide said discharge process.

8. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers is a cam mechanism which comprises:

a plurality of cam followers mechanically connected to said plungers, said cam follower being movable in a predetermined direction so that a displacement of said cam follower in said predetermined direction causes a corresponding displacement of said plunger;

a single cam rotary shaft rotating on a fixed axis parallel to said predetermined direction at a predetermined constant rotation speed; and

a single cylindrically shaped cam rotatable in a plane vertical to said fixed axis of said single cam rotary shafts said single cylindrically shaped cam having a rotation center being mechanically connected to said single cam rotary shaft, and a cylindrical side face of said single cylindrically shaped cam having an annular rim engaged with said cam follower to engage said single cylindrically shaped cam with said cam followers,

wherein said annular rim of said single cylindrically shaped cam varies in level parallel to said fixed axis over a rotation angle of said single cylindrically shaped cam so that as said rotation angle is increased, said level of said annular rim continuously drops to a bottom level to provide said suction process and then slightly rises from said bottom level to provide said pressure-rising process before said level of said annular rim continuously rises up to a top level to provide said discharge process.

9. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 8, wherein said annular rim is sandwiched between a pair of rollers which constitute each of said cam followers.

10. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers comprises:

a plurality of driving motors provided corresponding to said plungers, each of said driving motors being capable of bi-directional variable-speed rotations;

a plurality of rotary-to-linear motion converters being mechanically connected at one end thereof to said driving motors and also mechanically connected at the opposite end thereof to said plungers, each of said rotary-to-linear motion converters converting bi-directional variable-speed rotary motions of said driving motor into bi-directional variable-speed linear motions of said plunger so that said rotary-to-linear motion converter makes said plunger vary in displacement in accordance with rotation angle of said driving motor,

wherein said driving motor rotates in a first direction at variable speeds so as to make a displacement of said plunger from a reference position continuously decrease to a minimum displacement thereby providing said suction process and subsequently said driving motor is reversed to slightly rotate in a second direction so as to make said displacement of said plunger increase from said minimum displacement thereby providing said pressure-rising process before said driving motor remains rotating in said second direction at variable speeds so as to make displacement of said plunger continuously increase up to a maximum displacement thereby providing said discharge process.

11. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 10,

wherein said driving motor comprises a stepping motor, and

wherein each of said rotary-to-linear motion converters comprises:

a cylinder being mechanically connected to said plunger and capable of bi-directional linear motions along with said plunger, and said cylinder having a cyrindrically shaped inner wall formed thereon with first helical ball spline grooves receiving ball bearings; and

a screw being mechanically connected to said stepping motor and capable of bi-directional rotary motions, said screw having a cylindrical side face formed thereon with second helical ball spline grooves receiving said ball bearings through which said screw is mechanically engaged with said cyrindrically shaped inner wall of said cylinder so that said bi-directional rotary motions of said screw are converted into said bi-directional linear motions of said cylinder.

12. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 10,

wherein said driving motor comprises a stepping motor, and

wherein each of said rotary-to-linear motion converters comprises:

a cylinder being mechanically connected to said stepping motor and capable of bi-directional rotate motions along with said stepping motor, and said cylinder having a cyrindrically shaped inner wall formed thereon with first helical ball spline grooves receiving ball bearings; and

a screw being mechanically connected to said plunger and capable of bi-directional linear motions, said screw having a cylindrical side face formed thereon with second helical ball spline grooves receiving said ball bearings through which said screw is mechanically engaged with said cyrindrically shaped inner wall of said cylinder so that said bi-directional rotary motions of said cylinder are converted into said bi-directional linear motions of said screw.

13. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plungers comprise first and second plungers and wherein said means for controlling reciprocal movements of said plungers comprises:

a single driving motor being capable of bi-directional variable-speed rotations;

a transmission gear mechanism being mechanically engaged with said single driving motor;

first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters being mechanically connected at one end thereof via said transmission gear mechanism to said single driving motor, said first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters being mechanically connected at the opposite end thereof to said first and second plungers respectively, said first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters converting variable-speed rotary motions in different directions from each other into variable-speed linear motions of said first and second plungers in opposite directions to each other so that said first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters make said first and second plungers vary in displacement in opposite directions to each other according to rotation angle of said driving motor,

wherein said single driving motor rotates in a first direction at variable speeds so as to make a displacement of said first plunger continuously decrease to a minimum displacement thereby providing said suction process and simultaneously make a displacement of said second plunger continuously increase up to a maximum displacement thereby providing said discharge process, and subsequently said single driving motor is reversed to slightly rotate in a second direction so as make said displacement of said first plunger slightly increase from said minimum displacement thereby providing said pressure-rising process and simultaneously make said displacement of said second plunger slightly decrease from said maximum displacement thereby providing a pressure-dropping process, before said driving motor remains rotating in said second direction at variable speeds so as to make said displacement of said first plunger continuously increase up to a maximum displacement thereby providing said discharge process and simultaneously make said displacement of said second plunger continuously decrease to a minimum displacement thereby providing said suction process, and thereafter said single driving motor is reversed to slightly rotate again in said first direction so as to make said displacement of said first plunger slightly decrease from said maximum displacement thereby providing said pressure-dropping process and simultaneously make said displacement of said second plunger slightly increase from said minimum displacement thereby providing a pressure-rising process.

14. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 12,

wherein said driving motor comprises a stepping motor, and

wherein each of said first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters comprises:

a cylinder being mechanically connected to said plunger and capable of bi-directional linear motions along with said plunger, and said cylinder having a cyrindrically shaped inner wall formed thereon with first helical ball spline grooves receiving ball bearings; and

a screw being mechanically connected through said transmission gear mechanism to said stepping motor and capable of bi-directional rotary motions, said screw having a cylindrical side face formed thereon with second helical ball spline grooves receiving said ball bearing;

through which said screw is mechanically engaged with said cyrindrically shaped inner wall of said cylinder so that said bi-directional rotary motions of said screw are converted into said bi-directional linear motions of said cylinder.

15. The pulsation free pump as claimed in claim 12,

wherein said driving motor comprises a stopping motor, and

wherein each of said first and second rotary-to-linear motion converters comprises:

a cylinder being mechanically connected through said gear mechanism to said stepping motor and capable of bi-directional rotary motions along with said stepping motor, and said cylinder having a cyrindrically shaded inner wall formed thereon with first helical ball spline grooves receiving ball bearings; and

a screw being mechanically connected to said plunger and capable of bi-directional linear motions, said screw having a cylindrical side face formed thereon with second helical ball spline grooves receiving said ball bearings through which said screw is mechanically engaged with said cyrindrically shaped inner wall of said cylinder so that said bi-directional rotary motions of said cylinder are converted into said bi-directional linear motions of said screw.