Exhaust gas purifying device for engine

• US 5,996,338 A
• Filed: 10/28/1997
• Issued: 12/07/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 11/01/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Hirota, Shinya
• Primary Examiner(s): Ryznic, John E.
• Application Number:
  US08/959,037
• Time in Patent Office: 770 Days
• Field of Search: 60/286, 60/297, 60/300, 60/301, 60/303, 60/285
• US Class Current: 60/285
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/9495 Controlling the catalytic process
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2250/12 absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/03 the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 2610/146 Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0842 Nitrogen oxides
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/0871 Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging by electrically controlling the supply of combustible mixture or its constituents only F02D41/0235
• CPC Class Codes: F01N 3/2013 using electric or magnetic heating means
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 1/04 with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/024 to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0275 the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/405 with post injections
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/12 Improving ICE efficiencies
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems

Abstract

An exhaust gas purifying device for an engine comprises an exhaust gas purifying catalyst with an electric heater arranged in the exhaust passage capable of temporarily adsorbing NO_X in the inflowing exhaust gas therein. A NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst becomes larger when a temperature of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst becomes higher. The heater is turned on and is turned off alternately and repeatedly to thereby increase and reduce the catalyst temperature. NO_X in the inflowing exhaust gas is adsorbed in the exhaust gas purifying catalyst when the catalyst temperature falls, and the adsorbed NO_X is desorbed from the exhaust gas purifying catalyst and reduced when the catalyst temperature increases. The catalyst temperature is controlled to increase to a first upper threshold temperature, at which the NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is substantially zero, and is controlled to fall to a first lower threshold temperature, at which the NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is substantially a maximum.

Claims

1. An exhaust gas purifying device for an engine having an exhaust passage comprising:

an exhaust gas purifying catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage wherein a NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst increases as a temperature of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst decreases, and wherein when the catalyst temperature increases toward a first threshold temperature, the NO_X previously adsorbed therein is desorbed therefrom, wherein, at the first threshold temperature, the NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is substantially zero; and

catalyst temperature control means for controlling the catalyst temperature, the catalyst temperature control means alternately and repeatedly decreasing the catalyst temperature below and increasing the catalyst temperature above the first threshold temperature to adsorb NO_X therein when the catalyst temperature falls below the first threshold temperature, and to desorb therefrom NO_X previously adsorbed therein when the catalyst temperature increases above the first threshold temperature, wherein the desorbed NO_X is reduced.

2. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 1, further comprising reducing agent supplying means for supplying a reducing agent to the exhaust gas flowing to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, wherein an amount of reducing agent supplied when the catalyst temperature increases is larger than that when the catalyst temperature falls.

3. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 2, wherein the reducing agent supplying means stops the supply of reducing agent when the catalyst temperature falls.

4. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 2, wherein the engine includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injector arranged to inject fuel directly into the combustion chamber, wherein the reducing agent supplying means controls the fuel injector to inject fuel secondarily at one of an expansion and exhaust stroke of the engine, and wherein the secondary fuel injection is performed when reducing agent is to be supplied.

5. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 4, wherein the catalyst temperature control means controls a timing of the secondary fuel injection, and wherein the timing of the secondary fuel injection is advanced when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and the timing of the secondary fuel injection is retarded when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

6. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 1, further comprising an electric heater coupled to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst wherein the catalyst temperature control means turns on the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and turns off the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

7. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 1, wherein, when the catalyst temperature is higher than a second predetermined threshold temperature, a NO_X purification efficiency in a steady state of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is lower than an allowable minimum NO_X purification efficiency, and wherein the first threshold temperature is higher than the second threshold temperature.

8. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 1, further comprising a NO₂ synthesizing catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, the NO₂ synthesizing catalyst synthesizing NO₂ from NO in the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas purifying catalyst.

9. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises one of a precious metal and a transition metal carried on porous carrier.

10. An exhaust gas purifying device for an engine having an exhaust passage comprising:

an exhaust gas purifying catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage wherein a NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst increases as a temperature of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst becomes lower, wherein when the catalyst temperature decreases toward a first threshold temperature, NO_X previously adsorbed therein is desorbed therefrom, and wherein, at the first threshold temperature, the NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is a maximum amount; and

catalyst temperature control means for controlling the catalyst temperature, the catalyst temperature control means alternately and repeatedly decreasing the catalyst temperature to and increasing the catalyst temperature above the first threshold temperature to adsorb NO_X therein when the catalyst temperature falls to the first threshold temperature, and to desorb therefrom NO_X previously adsorbed therein when the catalyst temperature increases above the first threshold temperature, wherein the desorbed NO_X is reduced.

11. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 10, further comprising reducing agent supplying means for supplying a reducing agent to the exhaust gas flowing to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, wherein an amount of reducing agent supplied when the catalyst temperature increases is larger than that when the catalyst temperature falls.

12. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 11, wherein the reducing agent supplying means stops the supply of reducing agent when the catalyst temperature falls.

13. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 11, wherein the engine includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injector arranged to inject fuel directly into the combustion chamber, wherein the reducing agent supplying means controls the fuel injector to inject fuel secondarily at one of an expansion and exhaust stroke of the engine, and wherein the secondary fuel injection is performed when reducing agent is to be supplied.

14. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 13, wherein the catalyst temperature control means controls a timing of the secondary fuel injection, and wherein the timing of the secondary fuel injection is advanced when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and the timing of the secondary fuel injection is retarded when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

15. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 10, further comprising an electric heater coupled to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst wherein the catalyst temperature control means turns on the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and turns off the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

16. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 10, wherein, when the catalyst temperature is lower than a second predetermined threshold temperature, a NO_X purification efficiency in a steady state of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is lower than an allowable minimum NO_X purification efficiency, and wherein the first threshold temperature is lower than the second threshold temperature.

17. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 10, further comprising a NO₂ synthesizing catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, the NO₂ synthesizing catalyst synthesizing NO₂ from NO in the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas purifying catalyst.

18. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 10, wherein the exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises one of a precious metal and a transition metal carried on porous carrier.

19. An exhaust gas purifying device for an engine having an exhaust passage comprising:

an exhaust gas purifying catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage wherein a NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst decreases as a temperature of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst becomes higher and wherein the NO_X absorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst decreases as the catalyst temperature rises above a first lower threshold temperature to a substantially zero level of NO_X absorbing capacity at a first upper threshold temperature, wherein the first upper threshold temperature is higher than the first lower threshold temperature so that, as the catalyst temperature increases above the first lower threshold temperature toward the first upper threshold temperature, NO_X previously adsorbed therein is desorbed therefrom, wherein, at the first lower threshold temperature, the NO_X adsorbing capacity of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is a maximum amount; and

catalyst temperature control means for controlling the catalyst temperature, the catalyst temperature control means alternately and repeatedly decreasing the catalyst temperature to the first lower threshold temperature and increasing the catalyst temperature to the first upper threshold temperature to adsorb NO_X therein when the catalyst temperature falls toward the first lower threshold temperature, and to desorb therefrom NO_X previously adsorbed therein when the catalyst temperature increases toward the first upper threshold temperature, wherein the desorbed NO_X is reduced.

20. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 19, further comprising reducing agent supplying means for supplying a reducing agent to the exhaust gas flowing to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, wherein an amount of reducing agent supplied when the catalyst temperature increases is larger than that when the catalyst temperature falls.

21. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 20, wherein the reducing agent supplying means stops the supply of reducing agent when the catalyst temperature falls.

22. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 20, wherein the engine includes a combustion chamber and a fuel injector arranged to inject fuel directly into the combustion chamber, wherein the reducing agent supplying means controls the fuel injector to inject fuel secondarily at one of an expansion and exhaust stroke of the engine, and wherein the secondary fuel injection is performed when reducing agent is to be supplied.

23. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 22, wherein the catalyst temperature control means controls a timing of the secondary fuel injection, and wherein the timing of the secondary fuel injection is advanced when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and the timing of the secondary fuel injection is retarded when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

24. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 19, further comprising an electric heater coupled to the exhaust gas purifying catalyst wherein the catalyst temperature control means turns on the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be increased, and turns off the electric heater when the catalyst temperature is to be reduced.

25. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 19, wherein, when the catalyst temperature is one of lower than a second upper threshold temperature and higher than a second upper threshold temperature, a NO_X purification efficiency in a steady state of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is lower than an allowable minimum NO_X purification efficiency, and wherein the first upper threshold temperature is higher than the second upper threshold temperature, and wherein the first lower threshold temperature is lower than the second lower threshold temperature.

26. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 19, further comprising a NO₂ synthesizing catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust gas purifying catalyst, the NO₂ synthesizing catalyst synthesizing NO₂ from NO in the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas purifying catalyst.

27. An exhaust gas purifying device according to claim 19, wherein the exhaust gas purifying catalyst comprises one of a precious metal and a transition metal carried on porous carrier.