Distributed telecommunications switching system and method

• US 5,999,518 A
• Filed: 12/04/1997
• Issued: 12/07/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Alcatel USA Sourcing L.P. (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Alcatel USA Sourcing L.P. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Nattkemper, Dieter H., Nabavi, Farzad S.
• Primary Examiner(s): MARCELO, MELVIN C
• Application Number:
  US08/985,386
• Time in Patent Office: 733 Days
• Field of Search: 370/230, 370/231, 370/235, 370/236, 370/255, 370/257, 370/258, 370/395, 370/396, 370/397, 370/402, 370/409, 370/420
• US Class Current: 370/258
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5605 Fibre
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5606 Metallic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/561 Star, e.g. cross-connect, concentrator, subscriber group equipment, remote electronics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/562 Routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5625 Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5648 Packet discarding, e.g. EPD, PTD
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5679 Arbitration or scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/103 using a shared central buffer; using a shared memory
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/108 using shared central buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/1553 Interconnection of ATM switching modules, e.g. ATM switching fabrics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/205 Quality of Service based
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/256 Routing or path finding in ATM switching fabrics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/30 Peripheral units, e.g. input or output ports
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3009 Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3081 ATM peripheral units, e.g. policing, insertion or extraction
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/309 Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/405 Physical details, e.g. power supply, mechanical construction or backplane of ATM switches
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/503 Policing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/505 Corrective measures
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/555 Error detection
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0478 : Provisions for broadband connections

Abstract

A distributed telecommunications switching subsystem (100) receives and distributes data packets passed between a plurality of switching subsystems or channel banks (102, 104, 106) and a data packet switch (110). Each channel bank (102) has a stored list of addresses. When a channel bank (102) receives a data packet, it compares the address of the data packet to its stored list of addresses, and transmits the data packet to another channel bank (104) if the address of the data packet does not correspond to any of the addresses in its stored list of addresses. The data packet is passed on until it reaches a channel bank (106) with a matching address or else it is appropriately handled by a last channel bank (106) in the chain. If the address of data packet matches an address in its stored list of addresses, the channel bank (102) passes the data packet through a subscriber interface card (120) to a customer premises equipment unit (108) corresponding to the address of the data packet.

Claims

1. A distributed telecommunications switching subsystem, comprising a plurality of switching units, each switching subsystem having a stored list of addresses, each switching subsystem being operable to receive a data packet, compare an address of the data packet to its respective stored list of addresses, and transmit the data packet to another switching subsystem if the address of the data packet does not correspond to any of the addresses in its respective stored list of addresses:

wherein the plurality of switching subsystems is interconnected to form a chain having a primary switching subsystem at a first terminus and a terminating switching subsystem at a second terminus.

2. The distributed telecommunications switching subsystem of claim 1, wherein the primary switching subsystem is further connected to a telecommunications network.

3. A distributed telecommunications switching subsystem, comprising:

a first switching subsystem operable to receive a data packet, the first switching subsystem comprising a first address storage system, a first processor and a first switch, the first address storage system being operable to store a first plurality of addresses corresponding to a first plurality of customers, the first processor being operable to compare an address portion of the data packet with the first plurality of addresses, the first switch being operable to transmit the data packet to a selected one of the first plurality of customers in response to a positive comparison between the address portion of the data packet and the first plurality of addresses, the first switch being further operable to transmit the data packet on a first communication line in response to a negative comparison between the address portion of the data packet and the first plurality of addresses; and

a second switching subsystem coupled to the first communication line and operable to receive the data packet transmitted thereon, the second switching subsystem comprising a second address storage system, a second processor and a second switch, the second address storage system being operable to store a second plurality of addresses corresponding to a second plurality of customers, the second processor being operable to compare the address portion of the data packet with the second plurality of addresses, the second switch being operable to transmit the data packet to a selected one of the second plurality of customers in response to a positive comparison between the address portion of the data packet and the second plurality of addresses;

wherein the second switching subsystem further comprises an ingress queue operable to store a return data packet generated by a selected one of the second plurality of customers, and to transmit the return data packet to the first switching subsystem.

4. The distributed telecommunications switching subsystem of claim 3, wherein the second switching subsystem further comprises a scheduler operable to detect a non-empty condition of the ingress queue, and to trigger the transmission of the return data packet by the ingress queue in response to the non-empty condition of the ingress queue.

5. The distributed telecommunications switching subsystem of claim 3, wherein the second switching subsystem further comprises:

a buffer operable to receive the return data packet from the selected one of the second plurality of customers; and

an internal switch operable to relay the return data packet from the buffer to the ingress queue.

6. A method for routing data in a telecommunications network, comprising the steps of:

receiving at a first switching unit a data packet having a destination associated therewith;

determining at the first switching unit whether the destination associated with the data packet corresponds to a destination associated with the first switching unit;

transmitting the data packet to the destination associated with the first switching unit in response to a correspondence between the destination associated with the data packet and the destination associated with the first switching unit;

transmitting the data packet to a second switching unit in response to a lack of correspondence between the destination associated with the data packet and the destination associated with the first switching unit;

determining at the second switching unit whether the destination associated with the data packet corresponds to a destination associated with the second switching unit;

transmitting the data packet to the destination associated with the second switching unit in response to a correspondence between the destination associated with the data packet and the destination associated with the second switching unit;

transmitting the data packet to a third switching unit in response to a lack of correspondence between the destination associated with the data packet and the destination associated with the second switching unit;

receiving at the second switching unit a return data packet; and

transmitting the return data packet by second switching unit to the first switching unit.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:

generating the return data packet at a customer premises equipment unit associated with the second switching unit; and

transmitting the return data packet from the customer premises equipment unit associated with the second switching unit to the second switching unit.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:

generating the return data packet at a customer premises equipment unit associated with the third switching unit;

transmitting the return data packet from the customer premises equipment unit associated with the third switching unit to the third switching unit; and

transmitting the return data packet from the third switching unit to the second switching unit.

9. The method of claim 6, further comprising the step of performing at the second switching unit a validity check on an address portion of the return data packet.

10. A service access multiplexer, comprising:

a first channel bank operable to receive an asynchronous transfer mode cell, the first channel bank operable to route the asynchronous transfer mode cell to one of a plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the first channel bank in response to a determination that the asynchronous transfer mode cell is destined for one of the plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the first channel bank, the first channel bank operable to pass on the asynchronous transfer mode cell in response to a determination that the asynchronous transfer mode cell is not destined for one of the plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the first channel bank;

an intermediate channel bank operable to receive the asynchronous transfer mode cell passed on by the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank operable to route the asynchronous transfer mode cell to one of a plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the intermediate channel bank in response to a determination that the asynchronous transfer mode cell is destined for one of the plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the intermediate channel bank, the intermediate channel bank operable to pass on the asynchronous transfer mode cell in response to a determination that the asynchronous transfer mode cell is not destined for one of the plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the intermediate channel bank;

a terminating channel bank operable to receive the asynchronous transfer mode cell passed on by the intermediate channel bank, the terminating channel bank operable to route the asynchronous transfer mode cell to one of a plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the terminating channel bank in response to a determination that the asynchronous transfer mode cell is destined for one of the plurality of subscriber interfaces associated with the terminating channel bank.

11. The service access multiplexer of claim 10, wherein the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank cooperate to implement a single asynchronous transfer mode switching node.

12. The service access multiplexer of claim 10, wherein the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank are located at different geographically remote sites.

13. The service access multiplexer of claim 10, wherein the first channel bank generates a command cell to pass on to the intermediate channel bank and the terminating channel bank, the command cell includes information to define credits assigned to the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank in order to control upstream congestion from subscriber interfaces associated with the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank.

14. The service access multiplexer of claim 13, wherein the credits relate to a number of asynchronous transfer mode cells that each of the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank can pass in an upstream direction from respective subscriber interfaces over a pre-defined period of time.

15. The service access multiplexer of claim 13, wherein the terminating channel bank is operable to generate a feedback status cell, in response to receipt of the command cell, the feedback status cell including congestion status for the terminating channel bank, the terminating channel bank providing the feedback status cell to the intermediate channel bank.

16. The service access multiplexer of claim 15, wherein the intermediate channel bank is operable to update the feedback status cell with congestion status associated with the intermediate channel bank, the intermediate channel bank operable to provide the feedback status cell to the first channel bank.

17. The service access multiplexer of claim 16, wherein the first channel bank is operable to adjust the command cell in response to the feedback status cell and the congestion status of the first channel bank.

18. The service access multiplexer of claim 10, wherein each of the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank comprise:

a virtual path lookup identifier operable to identify whether an incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell is provisioned for a virtual path connection, the virtual path lookup identifier operable to provide the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell to an associated subscriber interface in response to identification of a virtual path connection.

19. The service access multiplexer of claim 18, wherein each of the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank comprise:

a virtual circuit lookup identifier operable to identify whether the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell is provisioned for virtual circuit connection in response to an indication from the virtual path lookup identifier that a virtual path connection is not provisioned for the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell, the virtual circuit lookup identifier operable to provide the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell to an associated subscriber interface in response to identification of a virtual circuit connection.

20. The service access multiplexer of claim 19, wherein the first channel bank, the intermediate channel bank, and the terminating channel bank comprise:

a control cell lookup identifier operable to identify whether the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell is provisioned as a control cell in response to an indication from the virtual circuit lookup identifier that a virtual circuit connection is not provisioned for the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell, the control cell lookup identifier operable to provide the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell to an associated processor for appropriate processing in response to an identification of a control cell.

21. The service access multiplexer of claim 20, wherein the first channel bank and the intermediate channel bank are operable to pass on the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell to a subsequent channel bank in response to an indication from a respective control cell lookup identifier that the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell is not a control cell.

22. The service access multiplexer of claim 20, wherein the terminating channel bank is operable to perform a mis-inserted cell processing operation on the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell in response to an indication from its control cell lookup identifier that the incoming asynchronous transfer mode cell is not a control cell.

23. The service access multiplexer of claim 10, wherein the first channel bank and the intermediate channel bank comprise:

a bypass queue operable to receive the asynchronous transfer mode cell prior to passing on to a subsequent channel bank;

a control queue operable to receive a control cell to be passed on to the subsequent channel bank;

a scheduler operable to determine a transport sequence to the subsequent channel bank for the asynchronous transfer mode cell in the bypass queue and the control cell in the control queue.

24. The service access multiplexer of claim 23, wherein the scheduler implements a higher priority to the control queue than the bypass queue for the transport sequence.