Flue gas conditioning for the removal of particulates, hazardous substances, NO.sub.x, and SO.sub.x
First Claim
1. A compostion for use with an emission control device to remove particulates and hazardous substances from a flue gas stream, said composition located at a point upstream of said emission control device and comprising a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time.
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Abstract
The present invention provides compositions including a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, cerium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, as flue gas conditioning formulations for use in controlling particulates, hazardous substances, NOx, and SOx. For the purpose of obtaining greater yields of particulate and hazardous substance removal, the compositions may further include a polyhydroxy compound, preferably selected from the group consisting essentially of sucrose, fructose, glucose, glycerol, and mixtures thereof. Methods are also provided for adding these compositions to the flue gas stream to control particulate, hazardous substance, NOx, and SOx emissions.
94 Citations
51 Claims
- 1. A compostion for use with an emission control device to remove particulates and hazardous substances from a flue gas stream, said composition located at a point upstream of said emission control device and comprising a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time.
- 10. A composition for use with an emission control device to simultaneously remove particulates, hazardous substances, and NOx from a flue gas stream, said composition located at a point upstream of said emission control device and comprising cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
- 19. A composition for use with an emission control device to simultaneously remove particulates, hazardous substances, and SOx from a flue gas stream, said composition located at a point upstream of said emission control device and comprising a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when both sodium nitrite and barium nitrate are present.
- 28. A composition for use with an emission control device to simultaneously remove particulates, hazardous substances, NOx, and SOx from a flue gas stream, said composition located at a point upstream of said emission control device and comprising cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
- 37. A method for removing particulates and hazardous substances from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time.
- 40. A method for simultaneously removing particulates, hazardous substances, and NOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
- 43. A method for simultaneously removing particulates, hazardous substances, and SOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when both sodium nitrite and barium nitrate are present.
- 46. A method for simultaneously removing particulates, hazardous substances, NOx, and SOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
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49. A method for removing NOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream, at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
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50. A method for removing SOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream, at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when both sodium nitrite and barium nitrate are present.
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51. A method for simultaneously removing NOx and SOx from a flue gas stream, comprising adding a composition to the flue gas stream at a point upstream of an emission control device, wherein the composition is selected from an aqueous solution and a dry powder and comprises cerium nitrate and a salt selected from the group consisting essentially of sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, ammonium nitrate, lithium nitrate, barium nitrate, and mixtures thereof, provided that the composition does not comprise ammonium nitrate and sodium nitrite at the same time and further provided that the composition consists of a dry powder when sodium nitrite is present.
Specification