Solid medium for amplification and expression of nucleic acids as colonies
DC CAFCFirst Claim
1. A preformed immobilized medium suitable for producing, from individual nucleic acid molecules applied thereto, separate detectable colonies by a cell-free enzymatic exponential amplification process, comprisinga) an aqueous liquid phase that includes a cell-free nucleic acid polymerase enzyme system capable of performing said process, andb) a thin layer, from 1 μ
- m to 10 mm in thickness, of a solid, water-insoluble matrix having an average pore size ranging from 100 μ
m to 5 nm, completely entrapping said liquid phase.
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Abstract
Amplification and/or expression of nucleic acids is carried out in a medium immobilized by using an organic and/or inorganic solid matrix penetrating the medium and having a porous, fibrous, reticulated, coiled, capillary, lamellar or folded texture and which includes the components of a cell-free enzyme system of exponential amplification of nucleic acids and/or components of a cell-free enzyme system of nucleic acid expression. In this medium, the progeny of each molecule (clone) and the expression products remain in the same zone of the reaction volume where the matrix molecule was initially located. The method permits cloning of nucleic acids in vitro as well as detection of solitary nuleic acid molecules in the sample studied.
46 Citations
26 Claims
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1. A preformed immobilized medium suitable for producing, from individual nucleic acid molecules applied thereto, separate detectable colonies by a cell-free enzymatic exponential amplification process, comprising
a) an aqueous liquid phase that includes a cell-free nucleic acid polymerase enzyme system capable of performing said process, and b) a thin layer, from 1 μ - m to 10 mm in thickness, of a solid, water-insoluble matrix having an average pore size ranging from 100 μ
m to 5 nm, completely entrapping said liquid phase. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
- m to 10 mm in thickness, of a solid, water-insoluble matrix having an average pore size ranging from 100 μ
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11. A preformed solid, water-insoluble matrix, for use in a cell-free enzymatic expontetial amplification of individual nucleic acid molecules having a thickness of from 1 μ
- m to 10 mm and an average pore size of from 100 μ
m to 5 nm free of said nucleic acid molecules and completing entrapping an aqueous liquid phase that includes at least the enzyme components, including a nucleic acid polymerase, of a cell-free exponential nucleic-acid amplification system but fewer than all necessary components of said system. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15)
- m to 10 mm and an average pore size of from 100 μ
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16. A preformed enzyme-free solid, water-insoluble matrix having a thickness of 0.1 μ
- m to 10 mm, having an average pore size of from 100 μ
m to 5 nm, and completely entrapping nucleotide substrates for a cell-free enzymatic exponential amplification system. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18)
- m to 10 mm, having an average pore size of from 100 μ
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19. A multi-layer system of at least two preformed layers for performing a cell-free enzymates nucleic acid exponential amplification process, comprising
a) a first layer comprising a solid, water-insoluble matrix having a thickness of from 1 μ - m to 10 mm and an average pore size of from 100 μ
m to 5 nm, completely entrapping a first, incomplete portion of the ingredients of a nucleic acid polymerase enzyme system capable of performing said process,b) a second layer apart from but stackable with said first layer, comprising a solid, water-insoluble matrix having a thickness of from 1 μ
m to 10 mm and an average pore size of from 100 μ
m to 5 nm, completely entrapping a second, incomplete portion of said ingredients,wherein neither said first nor said second layer alone is capable of performing said process but, when stacked, diffusion between said layers creates an immobilized medium capable of producing, from individual nucleic acid molecules distributed on one of said layers, separate detectable colonies by means of exponential amplification. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
- m to 10 mm and an average pore size of from 100 μ
Specification