Method and apparatus for controlled environment electrotransport
First Claim
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1. A method of operating an electrode system, the method including steps of:
- (a) providing a primary electrode system including;
(i) a first reservoir including at least --one--first reservoir electrode and an electrolyte; and
(ii) a second reservoir including at least --one--second reservoir electrode and an electrolyte;
the second reservoir being spaced from the first reservoir;
(b) providing a secondary electrode system including;
(i) a secondary electrode, located within the first reservoir and isolated from direct electrical contact with the first reservoir electrode; and
(ii) a companion electrode;
(c) selectively operating the primary electrode system to provide electromotive movement of a species between a reservoir and a subject; and
(d) selectively operating the secondary electrode system to generate a potential between the secondary electrode and the companion electrode, wherein the companion electrode is the at least one second reservoir electrode, such that an effect of electrochemical reactions involving the secondary electrode system on contents of the reservoir is different from that of the primary electrode system.
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Abstract
Methods for conducting operation of an electrode arrangement are described. The methods generally concern use of an electrode reservoir containing both a first electrode and a secondary electrode. A system for practicing the methods is also provided.
120 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method of operating an electrode system, the method including steps of:
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(a) providing a primary electrode system including; (i) a first reservoir including at least --one--first reservoir electrode and an electrolyte; and (ii) a second reservoir including at least --one--second reservoir electrode and an electrolyte;
the second reservoir being spaced from the first reservoir;(b) providing a secondary electrode system including; (i) a secondary electrode, located within the first reservoir and isolated from direct electrical contact with the first reservoir electrode; and (ii) a companion electrode; (c) selectively operating the primary electrode system to provide electromotive movement of a species between a reservoir and a subject; and (d) selectively operating the secondary electrode system to generate a potential between the secondary electrode and the companion electrode, wherein the companion electrode is the at least one second reservoir electrode, such that an effect of electrochemical reactions involving the secondary electrode system on contents of the reservoir is different from that of the primary electrode system. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. A method of operating an electrode system;
- the method including the steps of;
(A) placing an electrode system in electrically conductive contact with a skin surface of patient;
the electrode system including;(a) a primary electrode system including; (i) a first reservoir including at least --one--first reservoir electrode and an electrolyte; and (ii) a second reservoir including at least --one--second reservoir electrode and an electrolyte;
the second reservoir being spaced from the first reservoir; and(b) a secondary electrode system including; (i) a secondary electrode, located within the first reservoir and isolated from direct electrical contact with the at least one first reservoir electrode; and (ii) a companion electrode; (B) directing an electrical current between the at least one first reservoir electrode and the at least one second reservoir electrode, through the patient; and (C) operating the secondary electrode system by generating a potential between the secondary electrode and the companion electrode, wherein the companion electrode is a second reservoir electrode, to lower a presence of a selected material within a reservoir. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
- the method including the steps of;
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15. A method of conducting operation of an electrode system;
- the method including the steps of;
(A) placing an electrode system in electrically conductive contact with a skin surface of patient;
the electrode system including;(a) a primary electrode system including; (i) a first reservoir including at least --one--first reservoir electrode and an electrolyte; and (ii) a second reservoir including at least --one--second reservoir electrode and an electrolyte;
the second reservoir being spaced from the first reservoir; and(b) a secondary electrode system including; (i) a secondary electrode, located within the first reservoir and isolated from direct electrical contact with the at least one first reservoir electrode; and (ii) a companion electrode; (B) directing an electrical current between the at least one first reservoir electrode and the at least one second reservoir electrode, through the patient; and (C) operating the secondary electrode system to generate a potential between the secondary electrode and the companion electrode to lower a presence of a selected material within the at least one first reservoir, wherein the companion electrode is the at least one first reservoir electrode and the step of operating the secondary electrode system is conducted after the step of directing an electrical current between the at least one first reservoir electrode and the at least one second reservoir has been completed. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
- the method including the steps of;
Specification