Biosensor

• US 6,004,441 A
• Filed: 07/10/1997
• Issued: 12/21/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Panasonic Healthcare Holdings Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Company Limited (Panasonic Holdings Corporation)
• Inventors: Tokuno, Yoshinobu, Fujiwara, Masaki, Miyazaki, Shoji
• Primary Examiner(s): Tung, T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NOGUEROLA, ALEXANDER STEPHAN
• Application Number:
  US08/889,929
• Time in Patent Office: 894 Days
• Field of Search: 204/412, 204/403, 204/280, 205/775, 427/58, 427/96, 427/123, 427/2.11, 29/592.1, 29/623.1, 29/825
• US Class Current: 204/403.14
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/3272 Test elements therefor, i.e. disposable laminated substrates with electrodes, reagent and channels optical biosensors G01N33/52
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/525 Multi-layer analytical elements
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 156/1082 Partial cutting bonded sandwich [e.g., grooving or incising]

Abstract

A biosensor is fabricated by forming a metal film over the surface of a substrate through evaporation, sputtering or by gluing a metal foil, then splitting the metal film into three regions, and forming a reagent layer on an area of measuring electrode and two counter-electrodes for placing a liquid sample on by providing a cover disposed over the splitted metal film. As neither of the electrodes are formed through conventional printing technology, the electrodes can be formed without dispersion. As a result, a precision biosensor having excellent response characteristics is implemented.

Claims

1. A biosensor comprising:

an insulating substrate having a top surface and a first side positioned opposite a second side;

a conducting film having two slits, the conducting film formed on the top surface of the insulating substrate and covering the top surface entirely except for the two slits, the slits separating the conducting film into two counter electrodes and a measuring electrode, the measuring electrode disposed in a substantially center location between the first side and the second side and between the two counter electrodes;

a first cover provided across the measuring electrode and across the two counter electrodes;

a second cover provided across the measuring electrode and across the two counter electrodes, the second cover spaced apart from the first cover forming a channel extending between the first and second sides of the insulating substrate; and

a reagent layer provided in the channel.

2. The biosensor of claim 1, further comprising a capillary having openings at both the first and second sides of the insulating substrate, the capillary formed by a top cover provided over said measuring electrode and said two counter-electrodes.

3. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the slits defines a substantially smooth edge extending between the first and second covers.

4. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein at least one of the slits defines a substantially straight edge extending between the first and second covers.

5. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the slits are formed by a cutting laser beam.

6. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the measuring electrode includes a first exposed portion of the conducting film which forms a first lead and the counter electrodes include a second exposed portion of the conducting film which forms second leads, the first and second leads connecting the biosensor to an external circuit.

7. The biosensor of claim 1, further comprising a top cover provided on the first and second covers to form a capillary in the channel.

11. The biosensor of claim 1, wherein the two slits are parallel to and spaced apart from each other.

8. A method of manufacturing a biosensor comprising the steps of:

(a) entirely covering a top surface of an insulating substrate with a metal film having a first side positioned opposite a second side;

(b) providing two slits in the metal film to form a centrally located measuring electrode and two opposing counter electrodes;

(c) positioning a first cover across the measuring electrode and across the two counter electrodes;

(d) positioning a second cover across the measuring electrode and across the two counter electrodes, the second cover positioned apart from the first cover to form a channel extending between the first and second sides of the insulating substrate; and

(e) providing a reagent layer in the channel.

9. A method of manufacturing a biosensor according to claim 8, wherein at least one of the slits is formed with a substantially smooth edge.

10. A method of manufacturing a biosensor according to claim 8, wherein at least one of the slits is formed with a substantially straight edge.

12. The method of manufacturing a biosensor of claim 8, wherein the slits are provided using a cutting laser beam.

13. The method of manufacturing a biosensor of claim 8, wherein one of the first cover and the second cover is positioned so that the measuring electrode includes a first exposed portion of the conducting film which forms a first lead and the counter electrodes include a second exposed portion of the conducting film which forms second leads, the first and second leads connecting the biosensor to an external circuit.

14. The method of manufacturing a biosensor of claim 8, further comprising the step of providing a top cover over the first cover, the second cover, and the channel, the top cover forming a capillary in the channel.