Power output apparatus and method of controlling the same

• US 6,005,297 A
• Filed: 05/05/1997
• Issued: 12/21/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 09/13/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Abe, Tetsuya, Sasaki, Shoichi
• Primary Examiner(s): ENAD, ELVIN GENARGUE
• Application Number:
  US08/851,032
• Time in Patent Office: 960 Days
• Field of Search: 290/4 C, 290/4 R, 290/38 R, 290/40 A, 290/40 B, 290/40 C, 290/46, 290/51, 318/77, 318/8, 318/9, 180/65.2, 180/65.4
• US Class Current: 290/4.00C
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/02 comprising more than one electric motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 17/356 having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel B60K7/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/365 with the gears having orbital motion
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/52 Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/003 Dynamic electric braking by short circuiting the motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/06 including control of combustion engines
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/18036 Reversing
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/0246 characterised by initiating reverse gearshift
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 63/302 Final output mechanisms for reversing
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/91 Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/916 with plurality of drive axles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/945 Characterized by control of gearing, e.g. control of transmission ratio

Abstract

A power output apparatus 110 includes a planetary gear 120 having a planetary carrier, a sun gear, and a ring gear, an engine 150 having a crankshaft 156 linked with the planetary carrier, a first motor MG1 attached to the sun gear, and a second motor MG2 attached to the ring gear. Part of the torque generated by the engine 150 is output to a power feed gear 128 via the ring gear, while the first motor MG1 receives the residual torque. The second motor MG2 outputs a torque having a greater magnitude than and an opposite direction to this torque, so as to rotate the ring gear reversely. The electric power consumed by the second motor MG2 is supplied by the electric power regenerated by the first motor MG1. This structure enables the power output from the engine 150 to be converted to a power of reverse direction and output to the ring gear.

Claims

1. A power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said power output apparatus comprising:

an engine having an output shaft;

a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

control means for, in response to a predetermined driving requirement, controlling said engine and said first motor in order to enable a power to be output to said drive shaft via said three shaft-type power input/output means, and controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to output a power having a greater magnitude than and an opposite direction to the power output to said drive shaft via said three shaft-type power input/output means through the control of said engine and said first motor.

2. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein said control means comprises means for carrying out the control, in order to enable a power output from said engine to be subjected to a torque conversion and output to said drive shaft.

3. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 2, said power output apparatus further comprising:

target power setting means for setting a target power to be output to said drive shaft,

wherein said control means comprises means for, when said predetermined driving requirement represents that said target power setting means has set a power acting in reverse of a rotation of said output shaft of said engine as the target power, controlling operation of said engine in order to enable energy corresponding to the target power to be output from said engine, and controlling said first motor and said second motor in order to enable the power output from said engine to be converted to the target power and output to said drive shaft.

4. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 1, said power output apparatus further comprising:

storage battery means being charged with an electric power output from said first motor, being discharged to supply an electric power input to said first motor, being charged with an electric power output from said second motor, and being discharged to supply an electric power input to said second motor,

wherein said control means comprises means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor, in order to enable a total energy of a power output from said engine and an electric power input to and output from said storage battery means to be converted and output to said drive shaft.

5. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 4, said power output apparatus further comprising:

charging state detection means for detecting a charging state of said storage battery means,

wherein said control means comprises means for carrying out the control in order to enable the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means to be within a predetermined range.

6. A power output apparatus in accordance with claim 5, said power output apparatus further comprising:

target power setting means for setting a target power to be output to said drive shaft,

wherein said control means comprises means for, when the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means is less than the predetermined range, controlling said engine in order to enable output of an energy greater than a specific energy corresponding to the target power set by said target power setting means, and controlling said first motor and said second motor in order to enable the target power to be output to said drive shaft.

7. A power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said power output apparatus comprising:

an engine having an output shaft;

a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts;

storage battery means being charged with an electric power output from said first motor, being discharged to supply an electric power input to said first motor, being charged with an electric power output from said second motor, and being discharged to supply an electric power input to said second motor;

charging state detection means for detecting a charging state of said storage battery means;

output source determination means for, in response to a predetermined driving requirement, determining whether an electric power stored in said storage battery means is used to output a specific power acting in reverse of a rotation of said output shaft of said engine to said drive shaft or a power output from said engine is converted to the specific power and output to said drive shaft, based on the charging state of said storage battery means detected by said charging state detection means; and

control means for controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor, in order to enable the specific power acting in reverse of the rotation of said output shaft of said engine to be output to said drive shaft, based on a result of determination by said output source determination means.

8. A power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said power output apparatus comprising:

an engine having an output shaft;

a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

reverse transmission means disposed on said output shaft of said engine for reversing a rotating power of said output shaft and transmitting the reversed rotating power to a subsequent constituent, in response to a predetermined reversing requirement.

9. A power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said power output apparatus comprising:

an engine having an output shaft;

a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

reverse transmission means disposed on said drive shaft for reversing a rotating power of said drive shaft and transmitting the reversed rotating power to a subsequent constituent, in response to a predetermined reversing requirement.

10. A method of controlling a power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing (1) an engine having an output shaft;

(2) a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

(3) a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft; and

(4) three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, bas ed on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts;

(b) controlling said engine and said first motor in order to enable a power to be output to said drive shaft via said three shaft-type power input/output means; and

(c) controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to output a power having a greater magnitude than and an opposite direction to the power output to said drive shaft via said three shaft-type power input/output means through the control of said engine and said first motor.

11. A method of controlling a power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing (1) an engine having an output shaft;

(2) a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

(3) a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

(4) three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

(5) storage battery means being charged with an electric power output from said first motor, being discharged to supply an electric power input to said first motor, being charged with an electric power output from said second motor, and being discharged to supply an electric power input to said second motor;

(b) setting a power acting in reverse of a rotation of said output shaft of said engine as a target power to be output to said drive shaft;

(c) detecting a charging state of said storage battery means; and

(d) when the charging state of said storage battery means detected in said step (c) is less than a predetermined range, controlling said engine in order to enable output of an energy greater than a specific energy corresponding to the target power set in said step (b), and controlling said first motor and said second motor in order to enable the target power to be output to said drive shaft.

12. A method of controlling a power output apparatus for outputting power to a drive shaft, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing (1) an engine having an output shaft;

(2) a first motor having a rotating shaft and inputting and outputting power to and from said rotating shaft;

(3) a second motor inputting and outputting power to and from said drive shaft;

(4) three shaft-type power input/output means having three shafts respectively linked with said drive shaft, said output shaft, and said rotating shaft, said three shaft-type power input/output means inputting and outputting power to and from a residual one shaft, based on predetermined powers input to and output from any two shafts among said three shafts; and

(5) storage battery means being charged with an electric power output from said first motor, being discharged to supply an electric power input to said first motor, being charged with an electric power output from said second motor, and being discharged to supply an electric power input to said second motor;

(b) detecting a charging state of said storage battery means;

(c) when the charging state of said storage battery means detected in said step (b) is within a predetermined range, controlling said second motor in order to enable said second motor to utilize an electric power stored in said storage battery means and output a specific power acting in reverse of a rotation of said output shaft of said engine to said drive shaft; and

(d) when the charging state of said storage battery means detected in said step (b) is less than the predetermined range, controlling said engine, said first motor, and said second motor in order to enable a power output from said engine to be converted to the specific power acting in reverse of the rotation of said output shaft of said engine and output to said drive shaft.