Multiplexer system for converting variable-length burst data streams into averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packets

• US 6,009,108 A
• Filed: 08/30/1996
• Issued: 12/28/1999
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: JVC Kenwood Corporation
• Original Assignee: Victor Company of Japan Limited (JVC Kenwood Corporation)
• Inventors: Takehara, Hideki, Ando, Ichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Pham, Chi H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, STEVEN H D
• Application Number:
  US08/711,418
• Time in Patent Office: 1,215 Days
• Field of Search: 370/465, 370/466, 370/471, 370/473, 370/474, 370/538, 370/539
• US Class Current: 370/538
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2020/10814 involving specific measures to prevent a buffer underrun
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 3/1682 Allocation of channels according to the instantaneous demands of the users, e.g. concentrated multiplexers, statistical multiplexers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/22 Traffic shaping
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/43 Assembling or disassembling of packets, e.g. segmentation and reassembly [SAR]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/50 Queue scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/6215 Individual queue per QOS, rate or priority
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/6255 queue load conditions, e.g. longest queue first
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23406 involving management of server-side video buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/44004 involving video buffer management, e.g. video decoder buffer or video display buffer
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/52 Systems for transmission of a pulse code modulated video signal with one or more other pulse code modulated signals, e.g. an audio signal or a synchronizing signal assembling of a multiplex stream by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, remultiplexing of multiplex streams, insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, assembling of a packetised elementary stream at server side H04N21/236; disassembling of a multiplex stream, remultiplexing of multiplex streams, extraction or processing of Service Information, disassembling of packetised elementary stream at client side H04N21/434

Abstract

A multiplexing system for converting a plurality of variable-length burst data streams supplied from a plurality of data suppliers into a multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream. Within each output period, for each of the input buffers of a multiplexer, a virtual data quantity in the input buffer at the time t_n is calculated by using the length of each output period and average supply rates at time t_n-1 which are also supplied from the data suppliers. A predetermined amount of data is supplied to a header adder from one of the input buffers which stores data not less than the predetermined amount during the output period from time t_n to time t_n+1.

Claims

1. In a system comprising a multiplexer having a plurality of input buffers, a plurality of data suppliers, each supplying, in the form of variable-length burst data stream, time series data received from the outside to one of said plurality of input buffers and informing said multiplexer of an average supply rate for a predetermined number of data bursts to be subsequently supplied, a header adder, and an output interface, a method for converting the plurality of variable-length burst data streams into a multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream, wherein a series of output periods for said multiplexed output steam begins when one of said data suppliers starts a data supply for the first time, the method comprising the steps of:

within each output period defined as a time period from time t_n-1 to time t_n (n=0, 1, 2, . . . ;

output period number), calculating for each of said plurality of input buffers Bi, a virtual data quantity in said input buffer Bi at the time t_n by using a virtual data quantity at time t_n-1, the average supply rates at time t_n-1, and the length of each output period;

supplying said header adder with a predetermined amount of data from one of the input buffers which stores data not less than said predetermined amount of data during an output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 ; and

subtracting said predetermined amount from the virtual data quantity in the input buffer which have output data thereof in the output period just after said output period; and

wherein said step of calculating a virtual data quantity comprises the steps of calculating said virtual data quantity as follows;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Qi(t.sub.n)=Qi(t.sub.n-1)+AIRi(t.sub.n-1)×

Tp,

where Qi(t_n) and Qi(t_n-1) are the virtual data quantities in the input buffer Bi at times t_n and t_n-1 respectively, AIRi(t_n-1) is said average supply rate at time t_n-1, and Tp is said length of each output period.

2. The method as defined in claim 1, further comprising the step of supplying said header adder with said predetermined amount of predetermined stuffing data during said output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 in the event none of said plurality of input buffers contains data not less than said predetermined amount data.

3. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein said step of supplying said header adder includes the step of selecting, as said one of the input buffers, the input buffer the virtual data quantity of which is the first to reach said predetermined amount having data not less than said output packet size.

4. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein:

said step of calculating a virtual data quantity includes the step of using, as said average supply rates at time t_n-1, a constant average supply rate supplied at the start time Tb of the data supply to said input buffer Bi.

5. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein said step of calculating a virtual data quantity includes the step of:

for a specified one of said plurality of input buffers, calculating, every integer times an output period, a virtual data quantity in said specified input buffer at time t by using a last calculated virtual data quantity at time (t_n-said integer), the average supply rates at time (t_n-said integer), and the length of each output period.

6. The method as defined in claim 1, further comprising the step, preceding said step of calculating a virtual data quantity, of:

calculating an initial virtual data quantity for t=Tb for a specified one of said plurality of input buffers so that data stored in said specified one of said plurality of input buffers is output a desired number of output periods after the start time Tb of the data supply to said specified input buffer.

7. A system for converting a plurality of variable-length burst data streams into a multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet streams, the system comprising:

a plurality of input buffers each storing data supplied in variable-length bursts from one of a plurality of data suppliers,

a multiplexer, operative on the basis of information, from each of said data supplier, on an average supply rate for a predetermined number of data bursts to be subsequently supplied to the input buffer connected to said data supplier, for outputting a multiplexed predetermined-amount output stream from said input buffers;

a header adder for adding an appropriate header to each output in said multiplexed predetermined-amount output stream; and

an output interface for receiving packets from said header adder and outputting said multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream, wherein a series of output periods for said multiplexed fixed-length output stream begins when one of said data suppliers starts a data supply for the first time, and wherein said multiplier further comprises;

means, operative within each output period defined as a time period from time t_n-1 to t_n (n=0, 1, 2, . . . ;

output period number), for calculating for each of said plurality of input buffers Bi a virtual data quantity in said input buffer Bi at the time t_n by using a virtual data quantity at time t_n-1, the average supply rates at time t_n-1, and the length of each output period;

means for supplying said header adder with a predetermined amount of data from one of the input buffers which stores data not less than said predetermined amount of data during an output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 ; and

means for subtracting said output packet size from the virtual data quantity in the input buffer which have output data thereof in the output period just after said output period; and

wherein said means for calculating a virtual data quantity comprises means for calculating said virtual data quantity as follows;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Qi(t.sub.n)=Qi(t.sub.n-1)+AIRi(t.sub.n-1)×

Tp,

where Qi(t_n) and Qi(t_n-1) are the virtual data quantities in the input buffer Bi at times t_n and t_n-1 respectively, AIRi(t_n-1) is said average supply rate at time t_n-1, and Tp is said length of each output period.

8. The system as defined in claim 7, wherein said multiplexer further comprises means for supplying said header adder with said predetermined amount of predetermined stuffing data during said output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 in the event none of said plurality of input buffers contains data not less than said predetermined amount.

9. The system as defined in claim 7, wherein means for supplying said header adder includes means for selecting, as said one of the input buffers, the input buffer the virtual data quantity of which is the first to reach said predetermined amount of data and which contains data which is not less than said output packet size.

10. The system as defined in claim 7, wherein:

said means for calculating a virtual data quantity includes means for using, as said average supply rates at time t_n-1, a constant average supply rate supplied at the start time Tb of the data supply to said input buffer Bi.

11. The system as defined in claim 7, wherein said means for calculating a virtual data quantity includes means, operative for a specified one of said plurality of input buffers, for calculating every integer times an output period, a virtual data quantity in said specified input buffer at time t by using a last calculated virtual data quantity at time (t_n-said integer), the average supply rates at time (t_n-said integer), and the length of each output period.

12. The system as defined in claim 7, wherein said multiplexer further comprises means, activated prior to operation of means for calculating a virtual data quantity, for calculating an initial virtual data quantity for t=Tb for a specified one of said plurality of input buffers so that data stored in said specified one of said plurality of input buffers is output a desired number of output periods after the start time Tb of the data supply to said specified input buffer.

13. In a system comprising a multiplexer having a plurality of input buffers, a plurality of data suppliers, each supplying, in the form of variable-length burst data stream, time series data received from the outside to one of said plurality of input buffers and informing said multiplexer of an average supply rate for a predetermined number of data bursts to be subsequently supplied, a header adder, and an output interface, a method for converting the plurality of variable-length burst data streams into a multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream, wherein a series of output periods for said multiplexed output steam begins when one of said data suppliers starts a data supply for the first time, the method comprising the steps of:

within each output period defined as a time period from time t_n-1 to time t_n (n=0, 1, 2, . . . ;

output period number), calculating for each of said plurality of input buffers Bi, a virtual data quantity Qi(t_n) in said input buffer Bi at the time t_n by using a virtual data quantity at time t_n-1, the average supply rates at time t_n-1, and the length of each output period as;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">Qi(t.sub.n)=Qi(t.sub.n-1)+AIRi(t.sub.n-1)×

Tp,

where Qi(t_n) and Qi(t_n-1) are the virtual data quantities in the input buffer Bi at times t_n and t_n-1 respectively, AIRi(t_n-1) is said average supply rate at time t_n-1, and Tp is said length of each output period;

supplying said header adder with a predetermined amount of data from one of the input buffers which stores data not less than said predetermined amount of data during an output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 ;

subtracting said predetermined amount from the virtual data quantity in the input buffer which have output data thereof in the output period just after said output period; and

rearranging the order of output of the packets received from said header adder so that one(s) of said packets which contains (or contain) a certain special information is (or are) output in predetermined output periods.

14. The method as defined in claim 13, wherein said step of rearranging the order includes the step of selecting output periods denoted by even output period counts as said predetermined output periods.

15. A system for converting a plurality of variable-length burst data streams into a multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream, the system comprising:

a plurality of input buffers Bi, each storing data supplied in variable-length bursts from one of a plurality of data suppliers,

a multiplexer, operative on the basis of information, from each of said data supplier, on an average supply rate for a predetermined number of data bursts to be subsequently supplied to the input buffer connected to said data supplier, for outputting a multiplexed predetermined-amount output stream from said input buffers;

said multiplexer further comprising;

means, operative within each output period defined as a time period from time t_n-1 to t_n (n=0, 1, 2, . . . ;

output period number), for calculating for each of said plurality of input buffers Bi a virtual data quantity in said input buffers Bi at the time t_n by using a virtual data quantity at time t_n-1, the average supply rates at time t_n-1, and the length of each output period;

a header adder for adding an appropriate header to each output in said multiplexed predetermined-amount output stream;

an output interface for receiving packets from said header adder and outputting said multiplexed averaged-transfer-rate fixed-length packet stream, wherein a series of output periods for said multiplexed fixed-length output stream begins when one of said data suppliers starts a data supply for the first time, and including means for rearranging the order of output of the packets which have been received from said header adder so that one(s) of said packets which contains (or contain) a certain special information is (or are) output in predetermined output periods;

means for supplying said header adder with a predetermined amount of data from one of the input buffers which stores data not less than said predetermined amount of data during an output period from time t_n to time t_n+1 ; and

means for subtracting a packet size of an output packet of said multiplexed averaged transfer-rate fixed length data stream from the virtual data quantity in the input buffer which have output data thereof in the output period just after said output period.

16. The system as defined in claim 15, wherein said means for rearranging the order includes means for selecting output periods denoted by even output period counts as said predetermined output periods.