Apparatus and method for performing microfluidic manipulations for chemical analysis and synthesis
First Claim
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1. A method for separating component species in a sample, comprising:
- providing a microfluidic device that includes a body having at least first, second, third and fourth channels disposed therein, the first, second, third and fourth channels communicating at a first intersection, the first channel connecting at least a first sample source to the first intersection;
transporting a sample material from the first sample source, through the first intersection and into the second channel by applying a first voltage difference between the first sample material source and the second channel to move sample material from the first channel, through the intersection and into the second channel, and simultaneously applying a second voltage differences between the third channel and the first intersection and a third voltage difference between the fourth channel and the first intersection, to direct movement of the sample material through the intersection into the second channel;
injecting an amount of sample material in the first intersection into the third channel by applying a fourth voltage difference between the first intersection and the third channel, the component species of the sample material separating as the sample material is transported through the third channel.
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Abstract
A microchip laboratory system and method proved fluid manipulations for a variety of applications, including sample injection for microchip chemical separations. The microchip is fabricated using standard photolithographic procedures and chemical wet etching, with the substrate and cover plate joined using direct bonding. Capillary electrophoresis and electrochromatography are performed in channels formed in the substrate. Analytes are loaded into a four-way intersection of channels by electrokinetically pumping the analyte through the intersection, followed by switching of the potentials to force an analyte plug into the separation channel.
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Citations
39 Claims
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1. A method for separating component species in a sample, comprising:
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providing a microfluidic device that includes a body having at least first, second, third and fourth channels disposed therein, the first, second, third and fourth channels communicating at a first intersection, the first channel connecting at least a first sample source to the first intersection; transporting a sample material from the first sample source, through the first intersection and into the second channel by applying a first voltage difference between the first sample material source and the second channel to move sample material from the first channel, through the intersection and into the second channel, and simultaneously applying a second voltage differences between the third channel and the first intersection and a third voltage difference between the fourth channel and the first intersection, to direct movement of the sample material through the intersection into the second channel; injecting an amount of sample material in the first intersection into the third channel by applying a fourth voltage difference between the first intersection and the third channel, the component species of the sample material separating as the sample material is transported through the third channel. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. A method for separating component species in a sample, comprising:
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electrokinetically moving a sample material from a first microfluidic channel through an intersection of the first channel with second, third and fourth microfluidic channels, and into the second channel, while simultaneously electrokinetically moving material into the intersection from at least one of the third and fourth channels to control movement of the sample material through the intersection; electrokinetically injecting a quantity of the sample material from the intersection into the third channel; and electrokinetically separating the sample material into component species in the third channel. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39)
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Specification