Method and apparatus for correcting offsets of two detectors using respective functions of a difference

• US 6,011,584 A
• Filed: 10/29/1997
• Issued: 01/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/09/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Raytheon Company (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Whitney, Donald C., Leatham, Anthony L., Snyder, John L. III, Allred, Rustin W., Allen, John B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Garber, Wendy
• Assistant Examiner(s): MOE, AUNG SOE
• Application Number:
  US08/960,053
• Time in Patent Office: 797 Days
• Field of Search: 348/241, 348/251, 348/219, 358/461, 358/463, 358/474, 250/208.1
• US Class Current: 348/241
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/48 Increasing resolution by shifting the sensor relative to the scene
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/674 based on the scene itself, e.g. defocusing
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/68 applied to defects
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/33 Transforming infrared radiation cameras or camera modules for generating image signals from infrared radiation H04N23/20; circuitry of SSIS for transforming infrared radiation into image signals H04N25/20

Abstract

A dithered offset correction method wherein, according to a first embodiment, updates are made of the offset correction during each iteration and, after four iterations, the offset for each pixel or detector element is updated from all of its neighbors to provide faster convergence than is obtainable by the prior art. In accordance with a second embodiment, the offset for each detector element is updated for every iteration and, for each update, the update is made with information from an entire row or an entire column of data. After four iterations, each offset has been updated with information from every detector element in the focal plane array. This provides even more rapid convergence compared to the prior art.

Claims

1. A dithered offset correction method comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an array of detectors;

(b) viewing a scene with said detectors at a first time and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to a portion of said scene;

(c) viewing said scene with said detectors at a second time after said first time with each said portion of said scene detected by one of the detectors of said array other than the detector viewing said portion of said scene at said first time and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to the portion of the scene detected;

(d) determining a difference in outputs of first and second said detectors viewing the same portion of said scene respectively at said first time and said second time and offsetting one of the first and second detectors having a higher output with a first function of said difference and offsetting the other of the first and second detectors having a lower output with a second function of said difference different from said first function.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said first function is subtractive and said second function is additive.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said array of detectors comprises detectors disposed in a matrix arrangement of rows and columns and wherein each portion of said scene is detected at said second time by one of the detectors of said array disposed in one of the same row and the same column as the detector detecting said portion of said scene at said first time.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said array of detectors comprises detectors disposed in a matrix arrangement of rows and columns and wherein each portion of said scene is detected at said second time by one of the detectors of said array disposed in one of the same row and the same column as the detector detecting said portion of said scene at said first time.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference and said second function is addition of half of said difference.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said array of detectors comprises detectors disposed in a matrix arrangement of rows and columns and wherein each portion of said scene is detected at said second time by one of the detectors of said array disposed in one of the same row and the same column as the detector detecting said portion of said scene at said first time.

7. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

viewing said scene with said detectors at a third time after said first and second times with each said portion of said scene detected by one of the detectors of said array other than the detector viewing said portion of said scene at said first and second times and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to the portion of the scene detected;

determining a further difference in outputs of the second detector and a third detector viewing the same portion of said scene respectively at said second and third times and offsetting one of said second and third detectors having a higher output with a third function of said further difference and offsetting the other of the second and third detectors having a lower output with a fourth function of said further difference different from said third function.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the detectors of said array are disposed in a matrix arrangement of rows and columns and wherein said first detector of said array is disposed in one of the same row and the same column as said second detector and said third detector of said array is disposed in the other of the same row and the same column as said second detector.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said first function and said third function are each subtractive and said second function and said fourth function are each additive.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said second function is addition of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said third function is substraction of half of said difference between said second and third detectors, and said fourth function is addition of half of said difference between said second and third detectors.

11. The method of claim 7 wherein said first function and said third function are each subtractive and said second function and said fourth function are each additive.

12. The method of claim 7 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said second function is addition of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said third function is subtraction of half of said difference between said second and third detectors, and said fourth function is addition of half of said difference between said second and third detectors.

13. The method of claim 1 further including the steps of:

viewing said scene with said detectors at a third time after said first and second times with each said portion of said scene detected by the same detector of said array as at said first time and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to the portion of the scene detected;

determining a further difference in outputs of said second and first detectors viewing the same portion of said scene respectively at said second and third times and offsetting one of said second and first detectors having a higher output with a third function of said further difference and offsetting the other of said second and first detectors having a lower output with a fourth function of said further difference different from said third function.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein the detectors of said array are disposed in a matrix arrangement of rows and columns and wherein said first detector of said array is disposed in one of the same row and the same column as said second detector.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said second function is addition of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said third function is subtraction of half of said difference between said second and third detectors, and said fourth function is addition of half of said difference between said second and third detectors.

16. The method of claim 14 wherein said first function and said third function are each subtractive and said second function and said fourth function are each additive.

17. The method of claim 13 wherein said first function and said third function are each subtractive and said second function and said fourth function are each additive.

18. The method of claim 13 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said second function is addition of half of said difference between said first and second detectors, said third function is subtraction of half of said difference between said second and third detectors, and said fourth function is addition of half of said difference between said second and third detectors.

19. A dithered offset correction system comprising:

(a) an array of detectors for viewing a scene with said detectors at a first time and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to a portion of said scene and viewing said scene with said detectors at a second time after said first time with each said portion of said scene detected by one of the detectors of said array other than the detector viewing said portion of said scene at first time and providing an output from each of said detectors relating to the portion of the scene detected;

(b) circuitry for determining a difference in outputs of first and second said detectors viewing the same portion of said scene respectively at said first time and said second time and offsetting one of the first and second detectors having a higher output with a first function of said difference and offsetting the other of the first and second detectors having a lower output with a second function of said difference different from said first function.

20. The system of claim 19 wherein said first function is subtractive and said second function is additive.

21. The system of claim 19 wherein said first function is subtraction of half of said difference and said second function is addition of half of said difference.

22. A dithered offset correction method, comprising the steps of:

viewing a scene at a first time with a detector array which includes first, second and third detectors, wherein the scene includes first, second, third and fourth portions which are different, and wherein said first, second and third detectors respectively detect the first, second and third portions of the scene at said first time, and respectively provide first, second and third outputs respectively relating to the first, second and third portions of the scene at said first time;

viewing the scene with said detector array at a second time after said first time, wherein said first, second and third detectors respectively detect the second, third and fourth portions of the scene at said second time, and respectively provide fourth, fifth and sixth outputs respectively relating to the second, third and fourth portions of the scene at said second time;

determining a difference between said second and fourth outputs; and

adjusting an offset of said first detector by using said difference according to a respective one of first and second functions when said fourth output is respectively larger and smaller than said second output, and adjusting an offset of said second detector by using said difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said fourth output is respectively smaller and larger than said second output, said first function being different from said second function.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein said difference between said second and fourth outputs is a first difference, and including the further steps of:

determining a value which is said fifth output adjusted by using said first difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said fourth output is respectively smaller and larger than said second output;

determining a second difference between said third output and said value; and

thereafter further adjusting the adjusted offset of said second detector by using said second difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said value is respectively larger and smaller than said third output, and adjusting an offset of said third detector by using said second difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said value is respectively smaller and larger than said third output.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein said first function is subtractive and said second function is additive.

25. The method according to claim 23, wherein said first function is subtraction of half of the respective difference used therewith, and said second function is addition of half of the respective difference used therewith.

26. The method according to claim 22, wherein said difference between said second and fourth outputs is a first difference, and including the further steps of:

determining a second difference between said third output and said fifth output; and

thereafter further adjusting the adjusted offset of said second detector by using said second difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said fifth output is respectively larger and smaller than said third output, and adjusting an offset of said third detector by using said second difference according to a respective one of said first and second functions when said fifth output is respectively smaller and larger than said third output.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein said first function is subtractive and said second function is additive.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein said first function is subtraction of half of the respective difference used therewith, and said second function is addition of half of the respective difference used therewith.