Self-synchronized gate drive for power converter employing self-driven synchronous rectifier and method of operation thereof

• US 6,011,703 A
• Filed: 04/23/1998
• Issued: 01/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ABB Power Electronics Inc. (ABB Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Lucent Technologies, Inc. (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Rozman, Allen F., Boylan, Jeffrey J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Patel, Rajnikant B.
• Application Number:
  US09/065,807
• Time in Patent Office: 621 Days
• Field of Search: 363/21, 363/20, 363/127, 363/97, 363/89
• US Class Current: 363/21.06
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33592 having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

For use with a synchronous rectifier of a power converter, a self-synchronizing drive circuit and a method of driving the synchronous rectifier. In one embodiment, the circuit includes: (1) a drive winding, associated with an isolation transformer of the power converter and coupled to a rectifying switch in the synchronous rectifier, that provides a drive signal based on a voltage in the isolation transformer to a control terminal of the rectifying switch to charge the control terminal synchronously with the voltage, (2) a drive switch, interposed between the drive winding and the control terminal, that periodically resists creation of a negative potential on the control terminal and (3) a discharge device, coupled to the drive winding, that receives the drive signal and discharges the control terminal synchronously with the voltage.

Claims

1. For use with a synchronous rectifier of a power converter, a self-synchronizing drive circuit, comprising:

a drive winding, associated with an isolation transformer of said power converter and coupled to a rectifying switch of said synchronous rectifier, that provides a drive signal based on a voltage of said isolation transformer to a control terminal of said rectifying switch to charge said control terminal of said rectifying switch synchronously with said voltage;

a drive switch, interposed between a terminal of said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch, that periodically resists creation of a negative potential on said control terminal of said rectifying switch; and

a discharge device, having a control terminal coupled to said terminal of said drive winding, that receives said drive signal and discharges said control terminal of said rectifying switch synchronously with said voltage.

2. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said drive switch comprises a diode.

3. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said drive switch forms a portion of a charge pump interposed between said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch.

4. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said drive winding is located on a secondary side of said isolation transformer.

5. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said discharge device is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).

6. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said discharge device is a PNP transistor.

7. The circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said power converter is selected from the group consisting of:

a forward converter,

a half-bridge converter,

a full-bridge converter,

a flyback converter, and

a boost converter.

8. A method of driving a synchronous rectifier of a power converter, comprising:

providing, with a drive winding associated with an isolation transformer of said power converter and coupled to a rectifying switch of said synchronous rectifier, a drive signal based on a voltage of said isolation transformer to a control terminal of said rectifying switch to charge said control terminal of said rectifying switch synchronously with said voltage;

periodically resisting creation of a negative potential on said control terminal of said rectifying switch with a drive switch interposed between a terminal of said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch; and

discharging said control terminal of said rectifying switch synchronously with said voltage with a discharge device having a control terminal coupled to said terminal of said drive winding.

9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said drive switch comprises a diode.

10. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said drive switch forms a portion of a charge pump interposed between said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch.

11. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said drive winding is located on a secondary side of said isolation transformer.

12. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said discharge device is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).

13. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein said discharge device is a PNP transistor.

14. The method as recited in claim 8 said power converter is selected from the group consisting of:

a forward converter,

a half-bridge converter,

a full-bridge converter,

a flyback converter, and

a boost converter.

15. A power converter, comprising:

a drive train including;

at least one primary side power switch,

an isolation transformer coupled to said at least one primary side power switch, and

a synchronous rectifier coupled to a secondary side of said isolation transformer and having at least one rectifying switch; and

a self-synchronizing drive circuit, coupled between said isolation transformer and said synchronous rectifier, including;

a drive winding, associated with said secondary side and coupled to said rectifying switch, that provides a drive signal based on a voltage associated with said secondary side to a control terminal of said rectifying switch to charge said control terminal of said rectifying switch synchronously with said voltage,

a drive switch, interposed between a terminal of said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch, that periodically resists creation of a negative potential on said control terminal of said rectifying switch; and

a discharge device, having a control terminal coupled to said terminal of said drive winding, that receives said drive signal and discharges said control terminal of said rectifying switch to an output of said power converter synchronously with said voltage.

16. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said drive switch comprises a diode.

17. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said drive switch forms a portion of a charge pump interposed between said drive winding and said control terminal of said rectifying switch.

18. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said discharge device is a P-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).

19. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said discharge device is a PNP transistor.

20. The power converter as recited in claim 15 wherein said power converter is selected from the group consisting of:

a forward converter,

a half-bridge converter,

a full-bridge converter,

a flyback converter, and

a boost converter.