Piezoelectric film sonic emitter

• US 6,011,855 A
• Filed: 03/17/1997
• Issued: 01/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 03/17/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Turtle Beach Corporation
• Original Assignee: American Technology Incorporated (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Selfridge, Alan R., Khuri-Yakub, Pierre
• Primary Examiner(s): CHIN, VIVIAN C
• Application Number:
  US08/819,614
• Time in Patent Office: 1,023 Days
• Field of Search: 381/190, 381/173, 381/111, 381/114, 310/324, 310/328, 310/800
• US Class Current: 381/111
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 15/02 Synthesis of acoustic waves synthesis of speech G10L13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 17/00 Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers piezoelectric or electrostrictive elements in general H10N30/00; details of piezoelectric or electrostrictive motors, generators or positioners H10N30/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04R 2217/03 Parametric transducers where sound is generated or captured by the acoustic demodulation of amplitude modulated ultrasonic waves

Abstract

A speaker device for emitting subsonic, sonic or ultrasonic compression waves comprising a generally hollow drum, a rigid emitter plate attached to the drum, and a plurality of apertures formed within the plate which are covered by a thin piezoelectric film disposed across the emitter plate. A pressure source is coupled to the drum for developing a biasing pressure with respect to the thin film at the apertures to distend the film into an arcuate emitter configuration capable of constricting and extending in response to variations in the applied electrical input at the piezoelectric film to thereby create a compression wave in a surrounding environment. Parametric ultrasonic frequency input is supplied to the piezoelectric film to propagate multiple ultrasonic frequencies having a difference component corresponding to the desired subsonic, sonic or ultrasonic frequency range.

Claims

1. A speaker device for emitting subsonic, sonic or ultrasonic compression waves, said device being comprised of:

a generally hollow drum having a sidewall and first and second opposing ends;

a rigid emitter plate attached to the first end of the drum, said plate having an outer face oriented away from the drum and an inner face disposed toward an interior cavity of the drum, said emitter plate having a plurality of apertures extending between the outer and inner faces;

a thin piezoelectric film disposed across the apertures of the emitter plate;

electrical contact means coupled to the piezoelectric film for providing an applied electrical input;

pressure means coupled to the drum for developing a biasing pressure with respect to the thin film at the apertures to distend the film into an arcuate emitter configuration capable of constricting and extending in response to variations in the applied electrical input at the piezoelectric film to thereby create a compression wave in a surrounding environment.

2. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the apertures comprise round openings extending through the emitter plate, said pressure means being operable to distend the thin film within the apertures in the arcuate emitter configuration.

3. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein the round openings comprise cylindrical openings.

4. A device as defined in claim 2, wherein the round openings comprise conical openings.

5. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the pressure means includes vacuum means within the interior cavity for developing a negative pressure at the thin film to draw the film into the arcuate emitter configuration toward the interior cavity of the drum.

6. A device as defined in claim 5, wherein the thin film is disposed across the outer face of the emitter plate and the pressure means includes vacuum means coupled to a cavity of the hollow drum for developing a negative pressure at the thin film to draw the film within the apertures into the arcuate emitter configuration.

7. A device as defined in claim 5, wherein the thin film is disposed across the outer face of the emitter plate, said device further comprising retaining means for retaining the film at the inner face except where the film is drawn into the arcuate emitter configuration.

8. A device as defined in claim 7, wherein the retaining means comprises a mask plate having apertures in common alignment with the apertures of the emitter plate, said film being sandwiched between the emitter plate and the mask plate.

9. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the pressure means includes means for developing a positive pressure at the thin film to push the film into the arcuate emitter configuration away from the emitter plate.

10. A device as defined in claim 9, further comprising acoustically absorbent material positioned within the interior cavity of the drum for reducing adverse impact of back waves received within the drum.

11. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the drum has a circular cross-section.

12. A device as defined in claim 11, wherein the drum is a cylinder.

13. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the drum has a rectangular cross-section.

14. A device as defined in claim 13, wherein the apertures are arranged in a linear pattern along an axis of the rectangular cross-section.

15. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein said device further includes a bottom plate coupled to the second end of the drum and sealing means for sealing the interior cavity of the drum to enable development of a pressure differential between the interior of the drum and the surrounding environment.

16. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the electrical contact means comprises a conductive perimeter ring positioned over and in electrical contact with a perimeter of the thin film, said ring being coupled to a source for the applied electrical input.

17. A device as defined in claim 16, wherein the apertures are arranged in a honeycomb pattern for maximum density.

18. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the thin film comprises a PVDF material.

19. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the thin film comprises a co-polymer material responsive to the applied electrical input to generate a compression wave.

20. A device as defined in claim 1, wherein the emitter plate comprises a disk with at least ten apertures closely and uniformly spaced about a central region of the disk.

21. A device as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

an ultrasonic frequency generating means for supplying an ultrasonic signal to the piezoelectric film;

a sonic frequency generating means for supply a sonic signal which is to be modulated onto the ultrasonic signal;

modulating means coupled to the ultrasonic frequency generating means and the sonic frequency generating means to develop an ultrasonic carrier wave with modulated sonic wave;

transmission means coupled to the modulating means for supplying the carrier wave and modulated sonic wave to the piezoelectric film for stimulating generation of a corresponding compression wave at the emitter plate.

22. A device as defined in claim 21, wherein the modulating means comprises an amplitude modulating device.

24. The system as defined in claim 10 wherein said electrical input means includes a modulating means coupled to the membrane to thereby supply the electrical signals for generating the first and the second ultrasonic frequencies as modulated output of an input ultrasonic frequency and a sonic frequency, said first and second ultrasonic frequencies having a difference in value equal to the at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency.

23. A system for indirectly generating at least one new sonic or subsonic frequency from at least two ultrasonic frequencies of different value, said system comprising:

a generally hollow drum having a first end, a second end, and an intermediate sidewall;

an emitter plate coupled to the first end of the drum and having an outer face and an inner face, said plate including a plurality of apertures extending from the inner face to the outer face;

a back cover coupled to the second end of the drum and being disposed so as to seal the second end of the hollow drum;

a electrically responsive membrane disposed on the emitter plate over the plurality of apertures;

pressure means applied to the emitter plate and the membrane for distending the membrane at the apertures into an arcuate emitter configuration capable of generating a compression wave within an ultrasonic frequency range in response to an applied electrical input; and

electrical input means coupled to the membrane for developing a vibration response at the plurality of apertures and associated arcuate emitter configurations, wherein the vibrations operate as an ultrasonic frequency emitter for concurrently propagating (i) a first ultrasonic frequency and (ii) a second ultrasonic frequency which interacts with the first ultrasonic frequency within a compressible transmission medium to propagate a difference frequency within a sonic bandwidth.

25. A method for emitting compression waves, said method comprising the steps of:

a) positioning a piezoelectric film over apertures within a rigid emitter plate supported at one end of a hollow drum, said plate having an outer face oriented away from the drum and an inner face disposed toward an interior cavity of the drum;

b) applying isotropic tension across the piezoelectric film disposed across the apertures of the emitter plate;

c) developing a biasing pressure with respect to the piezoelectric film at the apertures to distend the film into an arcuate emitter configuration capable of constricting and extending in response to variations in an applied electrical input at the piezoelectric film to thereby create a compression wave in a surrounding environment; and

d) applying electrical input to the piezoelectric film to propagate a desired compression wave.