Manual and automatic probe calibration

• US 6,011,986 A
• Filed: 02/02/1998
• Issued: 01/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/07/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Masimo Corporation
• Original Assignee: Masimo Corporation
• Inventors: Kiani-Azarbayjany, Esmaiel, Diab, Mohamed Kheir, Lepper, James M. Jr., Ragsdale, Charles Robert
• Primary Examiner(s): Winakur, Eric F.
• Application Number:
  US09/016,924
• Time in Patent Office: 701 Days
• Field of Search: 600/310, 600/322, 600/323, 600/326, 600/331, 600/473, 600/476, 600/300, 600/481, 600/508, 600/529, 600/547, 356/39, 356/41, 315/151, 315/307, 315/310, 315/311, 250/552, 250/214 R
• US Class Current: 600/323
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/08 Sensors provided with means for identification, e.g. barcodes or memory chips
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02427 Details of sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14552 Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1495 Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6826 Finger
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6838 Clamps or clips
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2003/2866 Markers; Calibrating of scan
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/02 Details
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0254 Spectrometers, other than colorimeters, making use of an integrating sphere
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/027 Control of working procedures of a spectrometer; Failure detection; Bandwidth calculation
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0275 making use of sensor-related data, e.g. for identification of sensor parts or optical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0291 Housings; Spectrometer accessories; Spatial arrangement of elements, e.g. folded path arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/10 Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3144 for oxymetry
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/255 Details, e.g. use of specially adapted sources, lighting or optical systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/274 Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/31 Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry G01N21/72 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3151 using two sources of radiation of different wavelengths G01N21/33 - G01N21/39 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/39 using tunable lasers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/0627 : Use of several LED's for spectral resolution

Abstract

The method and apparatus of the present invention provides a system wherein light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be tuned within a given range by selecting their operating drive current in order to obtain a precise wavelength. The present invention further provides a manner in which to calibrate and utilize an LED probe, such that the shift in wavelength for a known change in drive current is a known quantity. In general, the principle of wavelength shift for current drive changes for LEDs is utilized in order to allow better calibration and added flexibility in the use of LED sensors, particularly in applications when the precise wavelength is needed in order to obtain accurate measurements. The present invention also provides a system in which it is not necessary to know precise wavelengths of LEDs where precise wavelengths were needed in the past. Finally, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the operating wavelength of a light emitting element such as a light emitting diode.

Claims

1. A medical sensor comprising:

a first light emitting element associated with said medical sensor and configured to generate light of a selected wavelength, said first light emitting element in communication with a first signal line and adapted to receive a drive signal on said first signal line;

an information element, said information element also in communication with said first signal line and configured to provide information on said first signal line; and

a detector associated with said medical sensor and responsive to light which originated from said first light emitting element to provide data on a second signal line.

2. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein said first light emitting element is activated by the drive signal on said first signal line.

3. The medical sensor of claim 2, wherein said first light emitting element is active with a signal on said first signal line at or above a first non-zero voltage level and wherein said information element is configured to provide information on said first signal line when a non-zero voltage level below said first voltage level is present on said first signal line.

4. The medical sensor of claim 3, wherein said information element is coupled in parallel with said light emitting element.

5. The medical sensor of claim 3, wherein said sensor comprises an oximeter sensor having a second light emitting element.

6. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein said information element is an impedance network.

7. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein said information element is a memory device.

8. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein said information element is a resistor.

9. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein said information element indicates the selected wavelength value.

10. The medical sensor of claim 1, wherein medical sensor is an oximeter sensor, said information element indicates that the medical sensor is of a predetermined type.

11. The oximeter sensor of claim 10, wherein said information element is a security element which indicates that the medical sensor is an authorized sensor.

12. An information system for a physiological monitor comprising:

a physiological monitor having a first signal line on which the physiological monitor provides a drive signal and on which the physiological monitor obtains information data; and

an information element in communication with said first signal line, said information element configured to provide said information data on said first signal line.

13. The information system of claim 12, further comprising a sensor having a light emitting element configured to generate light at a selected wavelength, wherein said light emitting element is activated by said drive signal on said first signal line.

14. The information system of claim 13, wherein said light emitting element is activated when said drive signal on said first signal line is at or above a first non-zero voltage level, and wherein said information element is configured to provide information on said first signal line when a voltage level below said first voltage level is present on said first signal line.

15. The information system of claim 14, wherein said information element is coupled in parallel with said light emitting element.

16. The information system of claim 12, wherein said information element is an impedance network.

17. The information system of claim 12, wherein said information element is a memory device.

18. The information system of claim 12, wherein said information element is a resistor.

19. The information system of claim 12, wherein said information indicates the selected wavelength value.

20. The information system of claim 12, wherein said information element indicates that the medical sensor is of a predetermined type.

21. The information system of claim 20, wherein said information element is a security element which indicates that the medical sensor is an authorized sensor.

22. A medical monitor comprising:

a sensor comprising;

a first signal line;

a light emitting element configured to generate light of a selected wavelength in response to a drive current on said first signal line; and

an information element in communication with said first signal line to provide information on said first signal line; and

a detector responsive to light which originated from said light emitting element; and

a processor in communication with said first signal line and in communication with said detector, said processor responsive to said information on said first signal line from said information element and providing said drive current for said light emitting element via said first signal line.

23. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said processor comprises an oximeter processor.

24. The medical monitor of claim 23, wherein said information is indicative of the company that provides said sensor.

25. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said information is indicative of the selected wavelength of said light emitting element.

26. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said information is indicative of the type of said sensor.

27. The medical monitor of claim 24, wherein said light emitting element is active at or above a first non-zero voltage level and wherein said information element is configured to provide said information on said first signal line when a non-zero voltage level below said first voltage level is present on said first signal line.

28. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said information element is an impedance network.

29. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said information element is a memory device.

30. The medical monitor of claim 22, wherein said information element is a resistor.