Occupant detection method and apparatus for air bag system

• US 6,012,007 A
• Filed: 06/03/1997
• Issued: 01/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/01/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Signal IP, Inc. (Marathon Patent Group, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Delphi Technologies, Inc. (BorgWarner Incorporated)
• Inventors: Fortune, Duane Donald, Cashler, Robert John
• Primary Examiner(s): Cuchlinski, Jr., William A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Beaulieu, Yonel
• Application Number:
  US08/868,338
• Time in Patent Office: 945 Days
• Field of Search: 701/45, 701/46, 340/438, 340/436, 180/271, 180/273, 280/730.1-735, 307/9.1
• US Class Current: 701/45
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 21/01516 using force or pressure sensing means
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/255 Detecting or recognising potential candidate objects based on visual cues, e.g. shapes
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/10 Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands

Abstract

Pressure sensors on the bottom surface of a seat cushion respond to occupant weight. A microprocessor evaluates the sensor outputs according to total force, load rating, long term average, sensor groups and a fuzzy measure to discriminate between large and small occupants and allow air bag deployment for large but not small occupants. Allow and inhibit decisions are filtered avoid sudden response to transient pressure changes on the seat. When a large occupant is positively detected, an allow decision is locked in place as long as total force exceeds a threshold.

Claims

1. In a vehicle restraint system having a controller for deploying air bags and means for selectively allowing deployment according to the outputs of seat sensors responding to the weight of an occupant, a method of allowing deployment according to sensor response including the steps of:

determining measures represented by individual sensor outputs and calculating from the sensor outputs a relative weight parameter;

establishing a first threshold of the relative weight parameter;

allowing deployment when the relative weight parameter is above the first threshold;

establishing a lock threshold above the first threshold;

setting a lock flag when the relative weight parameter is above the lock threshold and deployment has been allowed for a given time;

establishing an unlock threshold at a level indicative of an empty seat;

clearing the flag when the relative weight parameter is below the unlock threshold for a time; and

allowing deployment while the lock flag is set.

2. The method defined in claim 1, including:

establishing a second threshold of the relative weight parameter; and

inhibiting deployment when the relative weight parameter is below the second threshold.

3. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the relative weight parameter is the total force detected by all the sensors.

4. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the relative weight parameter is a long term average obtained by the following steps:

averaging all sensor outputs over a plurality of sample events to obtain a cumulative average; and

long term filtering the cumulative average to obtain the long term average.

5. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the relative weight parameter is a load rating obtained by:

calculating a load rating for each sensor as a function of the difference between the sensor output and a base value; and

summing the load rating for all the sensors to derive a total load rating.

6. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the relative weight parameter is a fuzzy value obtained by:

calculating a total load rating for all the sensors;

determining a fuzzy load value from the total load rating;

calculating a long term average for all the sensors;

determining a fuzzy average value from the long term average; and

combining the fuzzy average and the fuzzy load value to obtain the fuzzy value.

7. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the step of setting the lock flag is executed in repetitive loops and comprises:

incrementing a flag value toward a maximum value in each loop when the relative weight parameter is above the lock threshold;

decrementing the flag value toward zero in each loop when the relative weight parameter is less than the unlock threshold; and

setting the lock flag when the flag value is greater than zero and clearing the flag when the flag value is zero, so that the flag value at any time determines the minimum time for clearing the flag.

8. The method defined in claim 7 including:

enabling the incrementing step only when a decision filter reaches a maximum count; and

the decision filter includes

incrementing a counter toward a maximum count in each loop when an allow decision is present, and

decrementing the counter when an allow decision is absent.

9. The method defined in claim 1 wherein a step of allowing deployment is a preliminary allow decision and final deployment consent is attained by long term filtering of the allow decision.

10. The method defined in claim 1 wherein a step of allowing deployment is a preliminary allow decision and final deployment consent is attained by the steps of:

beginning at a zero count, periodically incrementing a counter toward a maximum count when an allow decision is present;

periodically decrementing the counter when an allow decision is absent;

establishing an allow threshold; and

issuing deployment consent when the counter count exceeds the threshold.

11. The method defined in claim 10 wherein the allow threshold has a first value when deployment consent is absent and a lower value when deployment consent is present to afford hysteresis.

12. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the step of establishing a first threshold includes varying the first threshold over time as a function of the relative weight parameter when the relative weight parameter is below the first threshold.

13. The method defined in claim 1 wherein the step of establishing a first threshold includes varying the first threshold over time within a defined range by the steps of:

setting a minimum activity level of the relative weight parameter below the defined range;

increasing the first threshold when the relative weight parameter is above the minimum activity level and below the first threshold;

decreasing the first threshold when the relative weight parameter is below the minimum activity level.

14. The method defined in claim 13 wherein increasing the first threshold is permitted only after set adjustment times have elapsed since a previous variation.

15. The method defined in claim 13 wherein increasing or decreasing the first threshold is permitted only after set adjustment times have elapsed since the previous adjustment.

16. In a vehicle restraint system having a controller for deploying air bags and means for inhibiting deployment when a seat is not occupied by an adult including seat sensors responding to the weight of an occupant, a method of inhibiting and allowing deployment according to sensor response including the steps of:

determining forces represented by individual sensor outputs and total force represented by all sensor outputs;

establishing a first threshold of total force and a second threshold below the first threshold;

inhibiting deployment when the total force is below a second threshold, and allowing deployment when the total force is above the first threshold;

establishing a lock threshold above the first threshold;

setting a lock flag when the total force is above the lock threshold and deployment has been allowed for a given time;

establishing an unlock threshold at a level indicative of an empty seat;

clearing the flag when the total force is below the unlock threshold for a time; and

allowing deployment while the lock flag is set.

17. In a vehicle restraint system having a controller for deploying air bags, means for inhibiting and allowing deployment according to whether a seat is occupied by a person of at least a minimum weight comprising:

seat sensors responding to the weight of an occupant to produce sensor outputs;

a microprocessor coupled to the sensor outputs and programmed to inhibit and allow deployment according to sensor response and particularly programmed to

determine measures represented by individual sensor outputs and calculate from the sensor outputs a relative weight parameter,

establish a first threshold of the relative weight parameter,

allow deployment when the relative weight parameter is above the first threshold,

establish a lock threshold above the first threshold,

set a lock flag when the relative weight parameter is above the lock threshold and deployment has been allowed for a given time,

establish an unlock threshold at a level indicative of an empty seat,

clear the flag when the relative weight parameter is below the unlock threshold for a time, and

allow deployment while the lock flag is set.

18. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein:

the seat comprises a resilient pad having a top surface for bearing an occupant and a bottom surface;

a support mounting the bottom surface; and

the seat sensors are arrayed on the bottom surface for sensing forces imposed by the weight of the occupant.

19. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein:

the seat comprises a resilient pad having a top surface for bearing an occupant and a bottom surface;

a support including a panel supporting the bottom surface; and

the seat sensors are arrayed in an interface defined by the bottom surface and the panel for sensing forces imposed by the weight of the occupant.

20. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein the microprocessor is further programmed to inhibit deployment when the relative weight parameter is below a second threshold.

21. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein the relative weight parameter is the total force detected by all the sensors.

22. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein relative weight parameter is a long term average of sensor outputs and the microprocessor is further programmed to

average all sensor outputs over a plurality of sample events to obtain a cumulative average, and

long term filter the cumulative average to obtain the long term average.

23. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein the relative weight parameter is a total load rating of the sensors and the microprocessor is further programmed to

calculate a load rating for each sensor as a function of the difference between the sensor output and a base value;

and

sum the load rating for all the sensors to derive a total load rating.

24. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein to set the lock flag the microprocessor is further programmed to

periodically increment a flag value toward a maximum value when the relative weight parameter is above the lock threshold,

periodically decrement the flag value toward zero when the relative weight parameter is less than the unlock threshold, and

set the lock flag when the flag value is greater than zero and clear the flag when the flag value is zero, so that the flag value at any time determines the minimum time for clearing the flag.

25. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein a decision to allow deployment is a preliminary decision, and to make a final consent decision the microprocessor is programmed to

periodically increment a counter toward a maximum count when an allow decision is present,

periodically decrement the counter when an allow decision is absent,

establish an allow threshold, and

issue final consent when the counter count exceeds the threshold.

26. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein to establish a threshold the microprocessor is programmed to vary the first threshold over time as a function of the relative weight parameter when the relative weight parameter is below the first threshold.

27. Means for inhibiting and allowing deployment as defined in claim 17 wherein to establish a first threshold which is variable within a defined range the microprocessor is programmed to

set a minimum activity level of the relative weight parameter below the defined range,

increase the first threshold when the relative weight parameter is above the minimum activity level and below the first threshold, and

decrease the first threshold when the relative weight parameter is below the minimum activity level.