Method for reducing the linear dimension necessary for high resolution electrophoretic separation
First Claim
1. An electrophoretic method of effecting differential net migration and separation, in a time period less than 10 minutes over a distance of about 0.5 millimeters to about 2.0 centimeters in the direction of an electrical field oriented along a single linear axis within a gel support comprising a polyacrylamide containing about 20-30% acrylamide and about 5-11crosslinker and having a thickness perpendicular to said axis of about 0.1-1.5 millimeters, of electrically charged, differentially-sized linear macromolecules, the extent of said migration and separation of said macromolecules being dependent on their molecular sizes, which method comprises:
- (1) applying said macromolecules to said gel support, and(2) applying to said linear axis of said gel support containing said macromolecules an electrical field comprising about 5-100 volts per millimeter of gel in said gel support to effect migration and separation of said macromolecules into a pattern within said gel support, said macromolecules being ordered within said pattern by their respective sizes.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an electrophoretic method to effect differential net migration, the extent of said migration being dependent on molecular size, of electrically charged macromolecules through a gel support in a single dimension, which method comprises subjecting electrically charged macromolecules applied to a gel support to an electric field oriented along a single axis within the gel for a time period sufficient to effect migration in the direction of the oriented field and form a separation pattern in order of the respective molecular weights of the macromolecules in a distance of about 0.5 to about 20 millimeters, said gel support comprising about 3 to about 40 percent polyacrylamide, said electric field being applied in an amount of about 5 to about 100 volts per millimeter of gel support along the axis length, and said gel support having a width perpendicular to said axis of about 0.1 to 1.5 millimeters.
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Citations
54 Claims
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1. An electrophoretic method of effecting differential net migration and separation, in a time period less than 10 minutes over a distance of about 0.5 millimeters to about 2.0 centimeters in the direction of an electrical field oriented along a single linear axis within a gel support comprising a polyacrylamide containing about 20-30% acrylamide and about 5-11crosslinker and having a thickness perpendicular to said axis of about 0.1-1.5 millimeters, of electrically charged, differentially-sized linear macromolecules, the extent of said migration and separation of said macromolecules being dependent on their molecular sizes, which method comprises:
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(1) applying said macromolecules to said gel support, and (2) applying to said linear axis of said gel support containing said macromolecules an electrical field comprising about 5-100 volts per millimeter of gel in said gel support to effect migration and separation of said macromolecules into a pattern within said gel support, said macromolecules being ordered within said pattern by their respective sizes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. An electrophoretic method of effecting differential net migration and separation, in a time period less than 10 minutes over a distance of about 0.5 millimeters to about 2.0 centimeters in the direction of an electrical field oriented along a single linear axis within a gel support comprises a polyacrylamide containing about 30-40% acrylamide and about 8-12% cross-linker and having a thickness perpendicular to said axis of about 0.1-1.5 millimeters, of electrically charged, differentially-sized linear macromolecules, the extent of said migration and separation of said macromolecules being dependent on their molecular sizes, which method comprises:
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(1) applying said macromolecules to said gel support, and (2) applying to said linear axis of said gel support containing said macromolecules an electrical field comprising about 5-100 volts per millimeter of gel in said gel support to effect migration and separation of said macromolecules into a pattern within said gel support, said macromolecules being ordered within said pattern by their respective sizes. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8)
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9. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separations a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of nucleic acid fragments which range in size from 2 nucleotides to substantially 10,000 nucleotides using restrictive pore media with pore limit diameters between substantially 2.0 nanometers and 10 nanometers, the method comprising the steps of:
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applying the macromolecules to the gel support, and applying an electric field along the linear axis of said gel support for a time period and in an amount sufficient to effect the net migration and separation of the nucleic acid fragments in the direction of the electric field and within the gel support. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11)
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12. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separation, in a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of nucleic acid fragments which range in size from substantially 50 nucleotides to at least 10,000 nucleotides using restrictive pore limit media with pore diameters between 4.2 nanometers and 10.0 nanometers, the method comprising the steps of:
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applying the macromolecules to the gel support, and applying an electric field along the linear axis of said gel support for a time period and in an amount sufficient to effect the net. migration and separation of the nucleic acid fragments in the direction of the electric field and within the gel support.
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13. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separation, in a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of nucleic acid fragments which range in size from 2 nucleotides to substantially 1000 nucleotides using polyacrylamide gel media where the concentration is in the range from 40%T/12% C. to 20%T/5%C., the method comprising the steps of:
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applying the macromolecules to the gel support, and applying an electric field along the linear axis of said gel support for a time period and in an amount sufficient to effect the net migration and separation of the nucleic acid fragments electrically charged macromolecules in the direction of the electric field and within the gel support.
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14. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separation, in a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of nucleic acid fragments which range in size from substantially 25 nucleotides to substantially 2,000 nucleotides using polyacrylamide gel media with a concentration in the range from 30%T/l1%C. to 15%T/14%C, the method comprising the steps of:
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applying the macromolecules to the gel support, and applying an electric field along the linear axis of said gel support for a time period and in an amount sufficient to effect the net migration and separation of the nucleic acid fragments in the direction of the electric field and within the gel support.
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15. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separation in a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of nucleic acid fragments which range in size from substantially 200 nucleotides to at least 10,000 nucleotides using polyacrylamide gel media where the concentration is in the range from substantially 25%T/10%C to substantially 10%T/3%C, the method comprising the steps of:
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applying the macromolecules to the gel support, and applying an electric field along the linear axis of said gel support for a time period and in an amount sufficient to effect the net migration and separation of the nucleic acid fragments in the direction of the electric field and within the gel support.
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16. An electrophoretic method for effecting the differential net migration and separation, in a time period less than substantially 10 minutes and in a distance less than about 2.5 centimeters, of linear macromolecules having a range of sizes less than substantially 10,000 bases, the linear macromolecules having net charges proportional to their molecular weight, said charged macromolecules exhibiting differential net migration within a gel support in a single linear dimension to an extent dependent on the molecular size of the linear macromolecules when subjected to an electric field, the gel support characterized by a pore size which is less than the radius of gyration of the linear macromolecules, the method comprising the steps of:
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(1) applying the linear macromolecules to the gel support, and (2) applying an electric field oriented along the single linear dimension of said gel support for substantially 10 minutes or less and in an amount sufficient to form a separation pattern along the single linear dimension comprised of a distribution of the linear macromolecules within the gel support ordered according to their respective molecular sizes. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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Specification