Antennas with integrated windings

• US 6,018,326 A
• Filed: 09/29/1997
• Issued: 01/25/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 09/29/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Blackberry Limited
• Original Assignee: Ericsson, Inc. (Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson)
• Inventors: Rudisill, Charles A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Don
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ho, Tan
• Application Number:
  US08/939,821
• Time in Patent Office: 848 Days
• Field of Search: 343/702, 343/895, 343/872, 343/873, 29/600
• US Class Current: 343/895
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/084 Pivotable antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/242 specially adapted for hand-held use
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/36 Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewithH01Q1/08, H01Q1/14 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/362 for broadside radiating helical antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/38 formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 11/08 Helical antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 11/083 Tapered helical aerials, e.g. conical spiral aerials
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 11/086 collapsible
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49016 Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making

Abstract

Radiotelephone antennas include rigid antenna elements integral to the antenna substrate or housing. As such, the present invention configures the antenna without requiring a separate flex circuit winding to provide the conductive windings in the antenna. Methods for fabrication of the antenna are also described. Preferably, the antenna is formed in a two-shot molding process.

Claims

1. A radiotelephone antenna, comprising:

a longitudinally extending first member having at least one rigid conductive winding arranged in a first pattern thereon; and

a longitudinally extending second member having at least one rigid conductive winding arranged in a second pattern thereon, said second member configured to matably engage with said first member to define an enclosed passage therebetween, wherein when said first and second members are engaged, said first and second pattern of conductive windings are electrically connected and geometrically aligned in a pattern to define a signal path.

2. An antenna according to claim 1, wherein said first and second patterns radially translate along the length of the antenna in a helical pattern.

3. An antenna according to claim 2, wherein said first member and said second member comprise laterally extending portions which mate with the other when assembled theretogether.

4. An antenna according to claim 3, wherein said laterally extending portions include a first planar portion and a second portion angled with respect to said first portion, and wherein each of said at least one windings are disposed on said angled portion.

5. A radiotelephone antenna according to claim 1, wherein said rigid conductive windings are formed as a surface pattern on an internal surface of said enclosed passage.

6. A radiotelephone antenna according to claim 1, wherein said rigid conductive windings are integrally formed onto predetermined portions of said first and second members.

7. An antenna, comprising:

a substantially rigid non-conductive antenna substrate having first and second opposing ends having a length and defining a central axis therethrough; and

a plurality of rigid conductive circuit windings formed integral to said antenna substrate, each of said plurality of conductive circuit windings are spaced apart from each other, wherein each of said conductive circuit windings are electrically and physically separated from the others, and wherein said conductive circuit windings extend along at least a portion of the length of said antenna substrate to define a signal path, and wherein said conductive circuit windings are integrally formed onto said substrate by one or more of a two-shot molding process, photo-imaging, or photo-resist processing method.

8. An antenna according to claim 7, wherein each of said conductive windings begin at a first radial position on said antenna substrate relative to the central axis and translate to a second radial position different from said first radial position along the length of the signal path.

9. An antenna according to claim 8, wherein each of said conductive windings translate about a surface of said antenna to define a helix pattern along the length of the signal path.

10. An antenna according to claim 8, wherein said antenna includes matably configured first and second members, and wherein said first member includes a first conductive winding pattern which radially translates along the length of the signal path and said second member includes a second conductive winding pattern which radially translates along the length of the signal path such that when said first and second members are engaged, said first and second winding patterns are electrically engaged to define the signal path.

11. An antenna according to claim 8, said antenna substrate having a longitudinally extending inner wall, said antenna further comprising a substantially hollow core member positioned to firmly abut said inner wall of said antenna substrate.

12. An antenna according to claim 11, wherein said conductive windings are positioned on the outer surface of said substrate.

13. An antenna according to claim 12, wherein said antenna substrate, said conductive windings, and said core member are co-joined by molding together.

14. An antenna according to claim 12, wherein said antenna substrate further includes a closed end having at least one conductive winding thereon.

15. An antenna according to claim 14, wherein said antenna substrate, said conductive windings, and said antenna closed end define a unitary integral body.

16. An antenna according to claim 7, said antenna further comprising a rigid support portion for holding electronic components thereon, said support portion disposed in one end of said antenna and configured to be electrically connected with each of said windings.

17. An antenna according to claim 16, wherein said support portion includes a pivot joint thereon.

18. An antenna according to claim 17 in combination with a radiotelephone, wherein said antenna is affixed to said radiotelephone via said pivot joint.

19. An antenna according to claim 18, said support portion further comprising cable retention guides for locating electronic cables routed from said antenna to said radiotelephone.

20. An antenna according to claim 7, wherein said windings are circumferentially positioned along a major portion of the length of said antenna substrate.

21. An antenna according to claim 7, wherein said windings are internally positioned on the inner diameter along a major portion of said antenna substrate.

22. A multi-layer cylindrical antenna comprising:

a first core insert layer;

a second layer disposed over said first layer;

a third layer disposed over predetermined portions of said second layer opposite said first layer, wherein said third layer is non-conductive; and

a conductive fourth layer disposed over the portions of said second layer not covered by said third layer, wherein said fourth layer defines at least one signal trace, and wherein said fourth layer is arranged with said second and third layers such that each of said at least one signal traces is spaced-apart by said non-conductive third layer.

23. A multi-layer cylindrical antenna according to claim 22, wherein said second layer comprises a catalyzed polymer material, and wherein said third layer comprises a non-catalyzed material.

24. A multi-layer cylindrical antenna according to claim 22, wherein said second layer is produced by a first molding shot and said third layer is produced on said second layer in a second molding shot after said first molding shot.

25. A method of fabricating an antenna with integral traces formed thereon, comprising the steps of:

molding a first antenna layer of a first material having an affinity for conductive coatings in a predetermined geometrical shape;

forming a second antenna layer of a second material over selected areas of said first layer;

maintaining exposed surfaces of predetermined portions of said first antenna layer; and

coating exposed surfaces of said first layer with a conductive coating thereby fabricating an integrated conductive signal path antenna.

26. A method according to claim 25, wherein said second layer is formed of a non-catalyzed material and said first layer is formed of a catalyzed material.

27. A method according to claim 25, wherein said first layer is formed of a material receptive to metallic coatings and said second material is non-receptive to metallic coatings.

28. A method according to claim 25, further comprising the step of:

assembling discrete circuit components on said antenna to electrically communicate with said signal path when an antenna is connected to a radiotelephone.

29. A method according to claim 25, further comprising the step of:

exposing a selected surface to photo-imaging to form a portion of said signal path.

30. An antenna according to claim 25, further comprising a substantially hollow core member internally positioned in said antenna housing to firmly abut the inner diameter of said antenna substrate.

31. A method according to claim 25, wherein said antenna is molded in separate matable components as a first and second member.

32. A method according to claim 31, wherein a removable core shape is employed to form a hollow antenna passage, and wherein said core shape is removed prior to assembly of the first and second members.

33. An antenna body having rigid traces thereon, said antenna body comprising:

a longitudinally extending substrate having a plurality of rigid conductive windings thereon, wherein each of said plurality of conductive windings are spaced-apart, and wherein said rigid conductive windings are a surface pattern formed by one or more of a two-shot molding process and photo-imaging and photo-resist processing selected portions of at least one surface of said substrate.

34. An antenna body according to claim 33, wherein said conductive windings are spaced apart by openings in said substrate.

35. An antenna body according to claim 34, said substrate includes top and bottom portions configured to structurally join said plurality of conductive windings.

36. An antenna body according to claim 33, wherein each of said plurality of rigid conductive windings are spaced-apart by non-conductive material defined by said substrate.

37. An antenna body according to claim 33, wherein said rigid conductive windings are formed as a surface pattern onto said longitudinally extending substrate.

38. An antenna body according to claim 37, wherein said rigid conductive windings are integral to said longitudinally extending substrate and wherein said conductive windings are formed on an outer surface of said longitudinally extending substrate.

39. An antenna body according to claim 37, wherein said rigid conductive windings are integral to said longitudinally extending substrate and wherein said conductive windings are formed on an inner surface of said longitudinally extending substrate.

40. An antenna body according to claim 37, wherein said rigid conductive windings define a bird cage antenna configuration.

41. An antenna body according to claim 37, wherein said surface pattern is formed by a two-shot molding process, and wherein the first shot of said two-shot molding process comprises catalyzed material and the second shot of said two-shot molding process comprises non-catalyzed material.

42. A multi-layer antenna body, comprising:

a longitudinally extending first substrate layer;

a second conductive layer disposed over predetermined portions of said first layer;

a third conductive layer disposed over said second layer, wherein said second and third layers define at least one rigid signal trace integral to said first layer providing a signal path thereon.

43. An antenna body according to claim 42, wherein said longitudinally extending first substrate layer is cylindrically shaped and extends about a central axis and said second and third layers define a plurality of signal traces, and wherein each of said signal traces begin at a first radial position on said first substrate layer relative to the central axis and translate to a second radial position different from said first radial position along the length of the signal path.

44. An antenna body according to claim 42, wherein each of said signal traces translate about a surface of said antenna body to define a helix pattern along the length of the signal path.

45. An antenna body according to claim 42, wherein said signal traces are positioned on the outer surface of said first substrate layer.

46. An antenna body according to claim 42, wherein said signal traces are formed integral to said first substrate layer by photo-resist imaging.

47. An antenna body according to claim 42, wherein said at least one trace is circumferentially positioned along a major portion of the length of said first substrate layer.

48. A multi-layer antenna body according to claim 42, wherein said antenna body is shaped to define a bird cage configuration.