Gas generating compositions containing phase stabilized ammonium nitrate
First Claim
1. A high conversion gas generant comprising:
- (a) 15-30 wt. % of a non-azide fuel wherein the fuel is selected from a group consisting of azoles, aminotetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, tetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, bitetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, triazoles and the metal salts thereof, azodicarbonamide, ammonium oxalate, and mixtures thereof;
(b) 35-80 wt.% of phase stabilized ammonium nitrate; and
(c) 0.5-7 wt. % silicon.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Gas generating compositions contain a non-azide fuel, phase stabilized ammonium nitrate (PSAN) and silicon. These gas generant compositions yield inflation gases having a reduced content of undesirable gases such as NOx and CO. The gas generanting compositions preferably contain 5-aminotetrazole at a concentration of 15-30 wt. % as the fuel, an oxidizer system at a concentration of 35-80 wt. % which comprises phase stabilized ammonium nitrate, at least 0.5 wt. % silicon, about 1 wt. % iron oxide and at least one material selected from binders and processing aids. The gas generating compositions are useful for inflating vehicle occupant restraint devices and for pyrotechnically operated fire suppression devices. The high level of gases produced by the compositions of the invention allow for smaller inflators which reduce the costs of production and the saving of weight.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A high conversion gas generant comprising:
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(a) 15-30 wt. % of a non-azide fuel wherein the fuel is selected from a group consisting of azoles, aminotetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, tetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, bitetrazoles and the metal salts thereof, triazoles and the metal salts thereof, azodicarbonamide, ammonium oxalate, and mixtures thereof; (b) 35-80 wt.% of phase stabilized ammonium nitrate; and (c) 0.5-7 wt. % silicon. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A gas generant composition comprising:
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(a) 15-30 wt. % of a fuel selected from tetrazoles, triazoles azodicarbonamide, ammonium oxalate, and mixtures thereof; (b) 35-80 wt. % of an oxidizer system comprising ammonium nitrate and at least one compound selected from transition metal oxides;
alkali and alkaline earth metal nitrates; and
mixtures thereof;(c) 0.5-7 wt. % silicon; (d) 1-5 wt. % iron oxide; and (e) up to 5 wt. % of an organic binder. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11)
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12. A gas generant composition comprising:
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(a) a non-azide fuel; (b) an oxidizer system comprising at least 40 wt. % phase stabilized ammonium nitrate; (c) at least 0.5 wt. % silicon; and (d) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;
silica, calcium carbonate, iron oxide and elastomeric binders. - View Dependent Claims (13)
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14. A non-azide gas generant composition that, upon combustion produces gases comprising:
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(a) phase stabilized ammonium nitrate; (b) at least one nitrogen containing fuel selected from the group consisting of triazoles, tetrazoles, azodicarbonamide, ammonium oxalate and the salts thereof, and mixtures thereof; (c) 0.5-7.0 wt. % of silicon; and (d) iron oxide. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A gas generant comprising:
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(a) a non-azide fuel at a concentration of 22-26 wt. %; (b) an oxidizer system comprising ammonium nitrate, strontium nitrate and potassium nitrate at a concentration of 35-80 wt. % wherein the weight ratio of ammonium nitrate to strontium nitrate to potassium nitrate can range from 2;
1;
1 to 12;
1;
3;(c) silicon at a concentration of 0.5-7.0 wt. %; and (d) iron oxide at a concentration of 1.0-5.0 wt. %. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22)
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23. A gas generant comprising:
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(a) 5-aminotetrazole; (b) strontium nitrate; (c) potassium nitrate; (d) silicon; (f) ammonium nitrate; (g) iron oxide; and (h) an elastomer binder.
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Specification