Method and apparatus for determining path attenuation of radio waves

• US 6,021,316 A
• Filed: 01/20/1998
• Issued: 02/01/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 05/22/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nokia Telecommunications Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Telecommunications Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Inventors: Kangas, Arto, Heiska, Kari
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Lee
• Application Number:
  US09/000,337
• Time in Patent Office: 742 Days
• Field of Search: 455/67.1, 455/67.6, 455/67.5, 455/504, 455/506, 455/10, 455/446, 455/449, 455/422, 455/423, 342/359, 342/360, 702/127, 702/159
• US Class Current: 455/67.16
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/18 Network planning tools

Abstract

A method and apparatus for determining path attenuation of radio waves in a radio system, in which at least a two-dimensional vector map describing the environment of a base station is used for determining the coverage area of the base station of the system, and in which the strength of the emission of a transmitter is determined at various points in the environment. The invention is implemented by calculating from the base stations environment described by the vector map a polygon area to which radio waves can propagate both directly and by means of diffraction and reflections, by estimating the strength of the emission of the transmitter at each location point of the transmitter to be examined in the polygon area determined by calculation, and by determining points of the polygon area in advance, storing the determined points in a memory, and reading the stored points from the memory for calculating the polygon area for different location points of the transmitter.

Claims

1. A method for determining path attenuation of radio waves in a radio system,

in which method at least a two-dimensional vector map describing the environment of a base station is used for determining the coverage area of the base station of the system,

and in which the strength of the emission of a transmitter is determined at various points in the environment, characterized

by calculating from the base stations environment described by the vector map a polygon area to which radio waves can propagate both directly and by means of diffraction and reflections,

by estimating the strength of the emission of the transmitter at each location point of the transmitter to be examined in the polygon area determined by calculation, and

by determining points of the polygon area in advance, storing the determined points in a memory, and reading the stored points from the memory for calculating the polygon area for different location points of the transmitter.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vector map describes the outer edges of the buildings comprised in the environment of the base station, and that

when determining the polygon area, the corners of the buildings visible to the transmitter are examined, and

when calculating a diffraction field for a selected corner (300), other corners (302-348) visible to the selected corner (33) are examined, and if both sides of one of the other corners to be examined are visible to the selected corner (300) to be calculated, the one of the other corners to be examined is taken as a corner included in the polygon as such, and if one of the sides of the one of the other corners to be examined is visible to the selected corner to be calculated, the intersection of the wall behind the one of the other corners and the one of the other corners is also taken into the polygon.

3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the points of the polygon area that are determined in advance are points representing the selected corner and the other corners.

4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vector map describes the outer edges of the buildings comprised in the environment of the base station, and that

when determining the polygon area, a mirror image (t'"'"') is calculated for the location of the transmitter with respect to each wall surface (W₁) visible from the transmitter (T), and that

a sector (500) restricted by the wall surface to be examined from the location of said mirror image is taken as an area included in the polygon.

5. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the procedure is repeated recursively a desired number of times for wall surfaces (W2, W3) visible to the sector restricted by the wall surface to be examined from the location of said mirror image (t'"'"', t").

6. An apparatus for determining path attenuation of radio waves in a radio system comprising at least one base station,

and which apparatus comprises means (600) for maintaining at least a two-dimensional vector map describing the environment of a desired base station,

and means (602) for determining the strength of the emission of a transmitter at various points in the environment, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises

means (602) for calculating from the base station environment described by the vector map a polygon area to which radio waves can propagate both directly and by means of diffraction and reflections,

means (602) for estimating the strength of the emission of the transmitter at each location point of the transmitter to be examined inside the determined polygon area, and

means for determining points of the polygon area in advance, means for storing the determined points in a memory and means for reading the stored points from the memory for calculation of the polygon area in said means for calculating for different location points of the transmitter.

7. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the apparatus comprises means (602) for maintaining a map of the outer edges of the buildings comprised in the environment of the base stations, and

means (602) for calculating a diffraction field for a selected corner (300) of the buildings in such a manner that the calculation is carried out for other corners (302-348) visible to the selected corner (300) and if both sides of the one of the other corners being examined are visible to the selected corner (300) to be calculated, the one of the other corners to be examined is taken as a corner included in the polygon as such, and if only one of the sides of one of the other corners to be examined is visible to the selected corner (300) to be calculated, the intersection of the wall behind the one of the other corners to be examined and the one of the other corners is taken into the polygon.

8. An apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the points of the polygon area that are determined in advance are points representing the selected corner and the other corners.