Mammographic biopsy apparatus

• US 6,022,325 A
• Filed: 09/04/1998
• Issued: 02/08/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Healthcare GMBH (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Fischer Imaging Corporation
• Inventors: Siczek, Bernard, DePourbaix, Michael A., Assa, Menachem
• Primary Examiner(s): Lateef, Marvin M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): SHAW, SHAWNA JEANNINE
• Application Number:
  US09/148,349
• Time in Patent Office: 522 Days
• Field of Search: 600/407, 600/562, 600/567, 600/568, 606/130, 378/37
• US Class Current: 600/568
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0233 Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/3403 Needle locating or guiding means guides for suture needles A61B17/0482; guiding or tracking by nuclear magnetic resonance G01R33/285
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/0435 with means for imaging suspended breasts
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/502 for diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/17 for soft tissue, e.g. breast-holding devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/239 using two 2D image sensors having a relative position equal to or related to the interocular distance H04N13/243 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 13/254 in combination with electromagnetic radiation sources for illuminating objects

Abstract

A motorized biopsy needle positioner employed in a mammographic needle biopsy system receives coordinate information representative of an identified point of interest within a patient'"'"'s captive breast under examination and automatically positions a biopsy needle in accordance with that coordinate information to permit insertion of the biopsy needle to the identified point of interest. An offset mode of operation of the motorized biopsy needle positioner automatically positions the biopsy needle in accordance with coordinate information representative of an offset point within the patient'"'"'s breast that is offset from the previously identified point of interest to permit insertion of the biopsy needle to that offset point. A manual mode of operation of the motorized biopsy needle positioner permits the user to actuate directional keys of a user control unit to position the biopsy needle in one or more directions, as specified by the actuated directional keys.

Claims

1. An apparatus for performing medical procedures on a breast of a patient, comprising:

a compression paddle for compressing the breast of a patient into a mammographic position relative to said predetermined frame of reference;

an imaging source and receiver, disposed in predetermined relation to said predetermined frame of reference, for imaging the breast while in the mammographic position, wherein first and second stereotactic images corresponding with two different imaging angles are provided relative to the predetermined frame of reference;

a tissue biopsy assembly, selected from a predetermined plurality of tissue biopsy assemblies employable in said apparatus and positionable in predetermined relation relative to said predetermined frame of reference, for obtaining a tissue sample from the breast while maintained in the stationary mammographic position;

a user input interface for supplying, in response to input by a user, an input signal corresponding with the tissue biopsy assembly selected by the user from said predetermined plurality of tissue biopsy assemblies;

a processor, comprising stored digitized physical information corresponding with each of said predetermined plurality of tissue biopsy assemblies, for using said digitized physical information corresponding with one or more physical attributes of said selected tissue biopsy assembly to automatically compute positioning information for positioning the selected tissue biopsy assembly in at least one position relative to said predetermined frame of reference for obtainment of a tissue sample from a location of interest within the breast as identified by a user using first and second stereotactic images, wherein the positioning information is dependent upon the particular tissue biopsy assembly selected by a user.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said processor provides a positioning output signal corresponding with at least a portion of said positioning information, and further comprising:

an automated positioning assembly, selectively interconnectable to said selected tissue biopsy assembly, for receiving said positioning output signal and at least partially, automatically establishing said at least one position of said selected tissue biopsy assembly;

user control means, operatively associated with said automated positioning assembly, for enabling a user to control the provision of said positioning output signal to said automated positioning assembly.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising:

offset control means, operatively associated with said automated positioning assembly, for positioning the selected tissue biopsy assembly in accordance with coordinate information regarding an offset point that is spatially offset from said location of interest.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

directional control means for designating movement of the selected biopsy assembly in one or more selected directions.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of said predetermined plurality of tissue biopsy assemblies comprises a corresponding hollow tip biopsy needle.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein said corresponding hollow tip biopsy needles are of differing lengths.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of said predetermined plurality of tissue biopsy assemblies comprises a corresponding hollow tip biopsy needle, said corresponding hollow tip needles being of differing lengths, and wherein said stored digitized physical information comprises digitized information corresponding with said differing lengths of said hollow tip needles.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said stored digitized physical information comprises information corresponding with one or more physical attributes of a first hollow tip needle positionable for manual insertion into said breast and a second hollow tip needle positionable for driven insertion into said breast.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said user input interface comprises a cursor and a display.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said first and second stereotactic images are defined by corresponding first and second x-ray films, and wherein said display includes a light box viewing area, upon which said first and second x-ray films are positionable for viewing, and a functional area for user interface and control over the apparatus.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein a first portion of said display is provided for displaying said portions of said first and second stereotactic images and a second portion of said display is provided for displaying a plurality of functional control options selectable by a user utilizing said cursor.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein a third portion of said display provides visual information feedback to a user corresponding with a given function selected by a user.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:

means, interconnected to said processor, for recording information corresponding with a given patient procedure performed utilizing said apparatus.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said recording means comprises a printer.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:

means for prompting a user to provide an input corresponding with a given predetermined function selected by a user.

16. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising:

means for alerting a user regarding a predetermined condition of concern corresponding with positioning of said selected tissue biopsy assembly.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said processor determines three-dimensional coordinates for the specified location of interest within said predetermined frame of reference, and further employs said three dimensional coordinates and digitized biopsy assembly information to automatically compute said biopsy assembly positioning information.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said three-dimensional coordinates are determined in relation to an orthogonal coordinate system and wherein said biopsy assembly positioning information is expressed in terms of at least one angle for and an insertion depth of a hollow tip biopsy needle.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said selected tissue biopsy assembly comprises a hollow tip biopsy needle, and wherein said positioning information comprises information corresponding to at least one angle for positioning said hollow tip biopsy needle relative to at least one of three orthogonal planes defining said predetermined frame of reference.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said positioning information includes information corresponding to a horizontal angle and a vertical angle for positioning said hollow tip biopsy needle relative to said predetermined frame of reference.