Ultrasonic medical system and associated method

• US 6,023,632 A
• Filed: 07/16/1997
• Issued: 02/08/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 07/16/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: WILK Patent Development Corporation
• Original Assignee: WILK Patent Development Corporation
• Inventors: Wilk, Peter J.
• Primary Examiner(s): CASLER, BRIAN L
• Application Number:
  US08/892,955
• Time in Patent Office: 937 Days
• Field of Search: 600/407, 600/437, 600/459, 600/439, 73/627, 73/628
• US Class Current: 600/407
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 10/0233 Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/00 Measuring for diagnostic purposes radiation diagnosis A61B6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B8/00; Identification of persons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0022 Monitoring a patient using a global network, e.g. telephone networks, internet
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1075 for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer A61B8/0858 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6843 Monitoring or controlling sensor contact pressure
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/04 Electric stethoscopes microphones, acoustic transducers therefor H04R
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/00 Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves imaging of objects using sonar G01S15/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/08 Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings A61B8/02 - A61B8/06 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0833 involving detecting or locating foreign bodies or organic structures
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0841 for locating instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/0866 involving foetal diagnosis; pre-natal or peri-natal diagnosis of the baby
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/42 Details of probe positioning or probe attachment to the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4227 characterised by straps, belts, cuffs or braces
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4281 characterised by sound-transmitting media or devices for coupling the transducer to the tissue
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4455 Features of the external shape of the probe, e.g. ergonomic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/4483 characterised by features of the ultrasound transducer
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/462 characterised by constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/463 characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display composite display in devices for short-range imaging with acoustic waves G01S7/52074
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/56 Details of data transmission or power supply
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 15/8925 the array being a two-dimensional transducer configuration, i.e. matrix or orthogonal linear arrays
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 : for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16Z 99/00 : Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

A medical system incorporates a perforated flexible web conformable to a patient, at least one electroacoustic transducer attached to the web, an a-c current source being operatively connected to the transducer for energizing the transducer with an electrical signal of a pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce a first pressure wave. At least one acoustoelectric transducer is attached to the web, while an analyzing component is operatively connected to the acoustoelectric transducer for determining three-dimensional shapes of internal organs of the patient by analyzing signals generated by the acoustoelectric transducer in response to second pressure waves produced at internal organs of the patient in response to the first pressure wave. An image of internal organic structures derived through the ultrasonic signal analysis is displayed on a video monitor for enabling direct observation of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic operations. Instruments are inserted into the patient through apertures in the flexible ultrasonic sensor web.

Claims

1. A medical system, comprising:

a container assembly defining a fluid-filled chamber and including a substantially rigid panel defining an outer wall of said chamber, said container assembly having a flexible wall conformable to a patient;

at least one electroacoustic transducer in operative contact with said container assembly for generating pressure waves in fluid disposed in said chamber;

an a-c current generator operatively connected to said transducer for energizing said transducer with an electrical signal of a pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce a first pressure wave in said fluid in said chamber;

at least one acoustoelectric transducer in operative contact with said container assembly for receiving and sensing pressure waves traveling in said fluid in said chamber, at least one of said electroacoustic transducer and said acoustoelectric transducer being mounted to said substantially rigid panel; and

analyzing means operatively connected to said acoustoelectric transducer for determining three-dimensional shapes of internal tissues of the patient by analyzing signals generated by said acoustoelectric transducer in response to second pressure waves produced at internal tissues of the patient in response to said first pressure wave and transmitted through said fluid in said chamber to said acoustoelectric transducer.

2. The system defined in claim 1, further comprising a video monitor linked to said analyzing means for displaying an image of said internal tissues.

3. The system defined in claim 2, further comprising a view selector operatively connected to said analyzing means and said video monitor for selecting said image from among a multiplicity of possible images of said internal tissues.

4. The system defined in claim 2, further comprising a filter stage operatively connected to said analyzing means and said video monitor for eliminating a selected organ from said image.

5. The system defined in claim 1 wherein said container assembly is in operative contact with a plurality of electroacoustic transducers disposed in a predetermined array, further comprising means for energizing said electroacoustic transducers in a predetermined sequence.

6. The system defined in claim 1 wherein said container assembly is in operative contact with a plurality of acoustoelectric transducers disposed in a predetermined array, further comprising means for receiving signals from said acoustoelectric transducers in a predetermined sequence.

7. A system for use in a medical operation, comprising:

a container assembly defining a fluid-filled chamber, said container assembly including a flexible wall partially defining said chamber, said flexible wall being conformable to and disposable in a pressure-wave-transmitting relationship with a patient, said container assembly including a panel provided with a plurality of apertures enabling traversal of said panel by a medical instrument so that a distal end of said medical instrument lies inside the patient while the patient is disposed in pressure-wave-transmitting contact with said fluid-filled chamber;

at least one electroacoustic transducer operatively mounted to said container assembly for generating pressure waves in the patient and in fluid disposed in said chamber;

an a-c current source operatively connected to said transducer for energizing said transducer with an electrical signal of a pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce first pressure waves in the patient and in said fluid in said chamber;

at least one acoustoelectric transducer mounted to said container assembly for receiving and sensing pressure waves reflected from internal tissues of the patient; and

analyzing means operatively connected to said acoustoelectric transducer for determining three-dimensional shapes of the internal tissues of the patient and a location of said distal end of said medical instrument by analyzing signals generated by said acoustoelectric transducer in response to the pressure waves reflected from the internal tissues of the patient and pressure waves produced at said distal end of said medical instrument in response to said first pressure waves.

8. The system defined in claim 7, further comprising a video monitor linked to said analyzing means for displaying an image of said internal organs.

9. The system defined in claim 8, further comprising a view selector operatively connected to said analyzing means and said video monitor for selecting said image from among a multiplicity of possible images of said internal organs.

10. The system defined in claim 8, further comprising a filter operatively connected to said analyzing means and said video monitor for eliminating a selected organ from said image.

11. The system defined in claim 7 wherein said container assembly includes a plurality of electroacoustic transducers dispoed in a predetermined array, further comprising means for energizing said electroacoustic transducers in a predetermined sequence.

12. The system defined in claim 7 wherein said container assembly includes a plurality of acoustoelectric transducers diposed in a predetermined array, further comprising means for receiving signals from said acoustoelectric transducers in a predetermined sequence.

13. A method for performing a medical operation, comprising:

providing (1) a medical instrument and (2) a container assembly defining a fluid-filled chamber, said container assembly including a flexible wall partially defining said chamber, said flexible wall being conformable to and disposable in pressure-wave-transmitting relationship with a patient, said container assembly having at least one electroacoustic transducer in operative contact with said chamber for generating pressure waves in the patient and in fluid in said chamber, said container assembly also having at least one acoustoelectric transducer in operative contact with said chamber for detecting pressure waves in the patient and in said fluid in said chamber;

disposing said container assembly and the patient proximately to one another so that said flexible wall substantially conforms to a skin surface of the patient to enable an acoustic or pressure-wave-transmitting relationship between said skin surface and said fluid in said chamber;

after disposition of said container assembly and the patient adjacent to one another, energizing said electroacoustic transducer with an electrical signal of a pre-established ultrasonic frequency to produce first pressure waves in said fluid in said chamber and in the patient;

inserting a distal end of said medical instrument into the patient so that said distal end of said medical instrument is disposed inside the patient while said flexible wall is disposed proximately to and substantially conforms to said skin surface; and

automatically analyzing signals generated by said acoustoelectric transducer in response to second pressure waves produced at internal tissues of the patient and at said distal end of said medical instrument in response to said first pressure waves to thereby determine three-dimensional shapes of the internal tissues of the patient and a location of said distal end of said medical instrument relative to said internal tissues, thereby enabling a real time manipulation of said instrument to effectuate a medical operation on a selected one of said internal tissues and transmitted through said fluid in said chamber to said acoustoelectric transducer.

14. The method defined in claim 13 wherein said container assembly has a cover member diposed over the patient and provided with a plurality of apertures, the inserting of said medical instrument including passing said distal end of said medical instrument through one of said apertures.

15. The method defined in claim 14 wherein said medical instrument is a biopsy instrument.

16. The method defined in claim 15 wherein said medical operation, performable under real-time ultrasonically mediated observation, is taken from the group consisting essentially of breast biopsy, liver biopsy, kidney biopsy, and pleural biopsy.

17. The method defined in claim 14 wherein said medical instrument is taken from the group consisting essentially of drains, tubes, and catheters.

18. The method defined in claim 17 wherein said medical operation, performable under real-time ultrasonically mediated observation, is taken from the group consisting essentially of thoracentesis, abscess drainage, and placement of a tubular member inside said selected one of said internal organs.

19. The method defined in claim 14 wherein said medical instrument is a laparoscopic instrument.

20. The method defined in claim 13 wherein said container assembly is provided with a plurality of electroacoustic transducers disposed in a predetermined array, further comprising energizing said electroacoustic transducers in a predetermined sequence.

21. The method defined in claim 13 wherein said container assembly is provided with a plurality of acoustoelectric transducers disposed in a predetermined array, further comprising receiving signals from said acoustoelectric transducers in a predetermined sequence.

22. The method defined in claim 13, further comprising generating a video image of said internal organs and said distal end of said medical instrument in response to the analysis of signals generated by said acoustoelectric transducer.

23. The method defined in claim 22, further comprising selecting said image from among a multiplicity of possible images of said internal organs.

24. The method defined in claim 22, further comprising eliminating a selected organ from said image.

25. The method defined in claim 13, further comprising generating a printed image of said internal organs in response to the analysis of signals generated by said acoustoelectric transducer.

26. The method defined in claim 13, further comprising generating an additional signal encoding the determined three dimensional shapes of the internal organs and wirelessly transmitting said additional signal to a remote location.