Ballast circuit with a capacitive and inductive feedback path

• US 6,028,399 A
• Filed: 06/23/1998
• Issued: 02/22/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/23/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Chicago Miniature Optoelectronic Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Electro-Mag International, Inc.
• Inventors: Moisin, Mihail S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Don
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, Wilson
• Application Number:
  US09/102,789
• Time in Patent Office: 609 Days
• Field of Search: 315/307, 315/291, 315/224, 315/209 R, 315/276, 315/DIG. 7
• US Class Current: 315/224
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 41/28 using static converters

Abstract

A circuit including a rectifier having rectifying diodes has a feedback signal which provides substantially linear operation of the rectifying diodes. In one embodiment, a ballast circuit includes a rectifier circuit coupled to an inverter circuit which energizes a fluorescent lamp. The inverter circuit includes a ballast capacitor coupled to an inductive feedback element. The voltages generated across the ballast capacitor and the feedback element combine to provide a feedback signal that is effective to periodically bias at least one of the rectifying diodes to a conductive state during substantially the entire AC input signal. The substantially linear operation of the rectifying diodes enhances THD and PF performance of the circuit.

Claims

1. A circuit including a rectifier having at least one rectifying diode, the circuit comprising:

a first inductive element; and

a capacitor coupled to the first inductive element such that the capacitor and the first inductive element resonate in series and generate a feedback signal that is effective to periodically bias the at least one rectifying diode to a conductive state.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier has an AC input side for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output side and the feedback signal is applied to the input side of the rectifier via a feedback path.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, wherein the at least one rectifying diode includes first and second diodes coupled end to end and the feedback signal is applied to a point between the first and second rectifying diodes.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, wherein the first diode is periodically conductive during a positive portion of the AC input signal and the second diode is periodically conductive during a negative portion of the AC input signal.

5. The circuit according to claim 3, wherein the rectifier circuit has a voltage doubler configuration.

6. The circuit according to claim 2, wherein the at least one rectifying diode includes four diodes coupled in a full bridge configuration.

7. The circuit according to claim 1, further including an inverter circuit coupled to the rectifier circuit.

8. The circuit according to claim 7, wherein the inverter circuit is adapted for energizing a lamp and the feedback signal comprises a voltage at a point between the first inductive element and the lamp.

9. The circuit according to claim 7, wherein the inverter circuit includes a second inductive element inductively coupled to the first inductive element such that the capacitor resonates with the second inductive elment.

10. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein the rectifier includes an AC input for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output and the at least one rectifying diode includes first and second diodes such that the feedback signal is effective to periodically bias the first diode to a conductive state during a positive portion of the AC input signal and to periodically bias the second diode to a conductive state during a negative portion of the AC input signal.

11. A ballast circuit for energizing a lamp, comprising:

a rectifier circuit including first and second rectifying diodes, the rectifier circuit having an AC input adapted for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output;

an inverter circuit coupled to the DC output of the rectifier circuit, the inverter circuit providing a feedback signal to the rectifier circuit at a point between the first and second rectifying diodes via a feedback path, the inverter circuit including

at least one switching element;

a first inductive element coupled to the at least one switching element, the first inductive element adapted for coupling to the lamp;

a second inductive element inductively coupled to the first inductive element, the second inductive element being adapted for coupling to the lamp; and

a ballast capacitor coupled to the second inductive element;

wherein the feedback path is coupled to a point between the second inductive element and the lamp.

12. The ballast circuit according to claim 11, wherein the first inductive element, the lamp, the second inductive element and the ballast capacitor form a series circuit path.

13. The ballast circuit according to claim 12, wherein the ballast capacitor and the second inductive element have respective impedance values such that the ballast capacitor and the second inductive element resonate in series.

14. The ballast circuit according to claim 13, wherein the feedback signal comprises voltages appearing at the second inductive element and the ballast capacitor such that the feedback signal is effective to periodically bias the first and second rectifying diodes to a conductive state.

15. The ballast circuit according to claim 14, wherein the first rectifying diode is periodically conductive during a positive portion of the AC input signal and the second rectifying diode is periodically conductive during a negative portion of the AC input signal.

16. The ballast circuit according to claim 15, wherein the feedback signal is effective to periodically bias the first and second rectifying diodes to a conductive state during substantially an entire cycle of the AC input signal.

17. A ballast circuit for energizing a lamp, comprising;

a rectifier circuit including first and second rectifying diodes, the rectifier circuit having an AC input adapted for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output;

an inverter circuit coupled to the DC output side of the rectifier circuit, the inverter circuit providing a feedback signal to the rectifier circuit at a point between the first and second rectifying diodes via a feedback path, the inverter circuit including

at least one switching element;

first and second inductive elements coupled to the at least one switching element;

a ballast capacitor for coupling to the lamp; and

an inductive feedback element inductively coupled to the first and second inductive elements, wherein the feedback path includes the inductive feedback element such that the feedback path extends from the point between the first and second rectifying diodes to the ballast capacitor.

18. The ballast circuit according to claim 17, wherein the inverter circuit has a full bridge configuration.

19. The ballast circuit according to claim 18, wherein the first and second inductive elements resonate in series with the ballast capacitor.

20. The ballast circuit according to claim 19, wherein voltages at the feedback element and the ballast capacitor are effective to periodically bias the first and second rectifying diodes to a conductive state.

21. The ballast circuit according to claim 17, wherein the first and second rectifying diodes are operable in a substantially linear manner.

22. The ballast circuit according to claim 17, wherein the first rectifying diode is periodically conductive during a positive portion of the AC input signal and the second rectifying diode is periodically conductive during a negative portion of the AC input signal.

23. A ballast circuit for energizing a lamp, comprising:

a rectifier circuit having first, second, third and fourth rectifying diodes coupled in a full bridge configuration, the rectifier having first and second AC input terminals for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output, the rectifier further including first and second capacitors coupled end to end between the first and second AC input terminals;

a full bridge inverter circuit coupled to the DC output of the rectifier, the inverter circuit including

at least one switching element;

first and second inductive elements coupled to the at least one switching element;

a ballast capacitor for coupling to the lamp;

an inductive feedback element inductively coupled to the first and second inductive elements, the feedback inductive element being coupled to the ballast capacitor and to a point between the first and second capacitors.

24. The ballast circuit according to claim 23, wherein the ballast capacitor and the first and second inductive elements resonate in series.

25. The ballast circuit according to claim 24, wherein voltages at the feedback element and the ballast capacitor combine to periodically bias each of the rectifying diodes to a conductive state.

26. The ballast circuit according to claim 25, wherein operation of the rectifying diodes is substantially linear.

27. The ballast circuit according to claim 25, wherein the inverter applies an AC signal to the lamp such that a frequency of the AC lamp signal is greater than a frequency of the AC input signal.

28. The ballast circuit according to claim 27, wherein first and second ones of the rectifying diodes are periodically conductive during a positive portion of the AC input cycle and third and fourth ones of the rectifying diodes are conductive during a negative portion of the AC input cycle.

29. The ballast circuit according to claim 28, wherein respective ones of the rectifying diodes are periodically conductive during substantially an entire cycle of the AC input signal.

30. A ballast circuit for energizing a lamp, comprising:

a rectifier circuit having first, second, third and fourth rectifying diodes coupled in a full bridge configuration, the rectifier having first and second AC input terminals for receiving an AC input signal and a DC output, the rectifier further including first and second capacitors coupled end to end between the first and second AC input terminals;

a full bridge inverter circuit coupled to the DC output of the rectifier, the inverter circuit including

at least one switching element;

first and second inductive elements coupled to the at least one switching element;

a ballast capacitor for coupling to the lamp; and

an inductive feedback element inductively coupled to the first and second inductive elements, the feedback inductive element, the lamp and the ballast capacitor being coupled so as to form a series circuit path, wherein a feedback path extends from a point between the first and second capacitors to a point between the lamp and the feedback element.