Image display apparatus
First Claim
1. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, andwherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions:
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space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX4<
-0.20(1/mm) (1-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX5<
-0.20(1/mm) (2-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX6<
-0.20(1/mm) (3-1)where DX4, DX6, DY1 and DX3 are tilts in a X-axis direction at respective positions on said reflecting surface at which principal rays 104, 105 and 106 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 104, 105 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and a principal ray corresponding to a center of a right-hand edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is zero is defined as 105, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An image display apparatus providing an observation image which is clear and has minimal distortion even when an ocular optical system having a decentered reflecting surface is arranged to provide a wide observation field angle. At least one reflecting or transmitting surface in the ocular optical system of the image display apparatus has a rotationally asymmetric surface configuration having not more than two planes of symmetry which satisfies various conditions defining a surface configuration.
50 Citations
24 Claims
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1. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and wherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX4<
-0.20(1/mm) (1-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX5<
-0.20(1/mm) (2-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.80<
DX6<
-0.20(1/mm) (3-1)where DX4, DX6, DY1 and DX3 are tilts in a X-axis direction at respective positions on said reflecting surface at which principal rays 104, 105 and 106 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 104, 105 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and a principal ray corresponding to a center of a right-hand edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is zero is defined as 105, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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2. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and wherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, at least one reflecting surface other than a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.120<
DX5A<
-0.095(1/mm) (4-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">|DX5A-DX4A|<
0.05(1/mm) (5-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">|DX5A-DX6A|<
0.05(1/mm) (6-1)where DX4A, DX5A and DX6A are tilts in an X-axis direction at respective positions on said reflecting surface at which principal rays 104, 105 and 106 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 104, 105 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and a principal ray corresponding to a center of a right-hand edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is zero is defined as 105, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106, and where neither |DX5A-DX4A| nor |DX5A-DX6A| includes zero.
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3. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and wherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">0.26<
DY6-DY4<
0.40(1/mm) (7-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">0.19<
DY3-DY1<
0.38(1/mm) (8-1)where DY4, DY6, DY1 and DY3 are tilts in a Y-axis direction at respective positions on said reflecting surface at which principal rays 104, 106, 101 and 103 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 104, 106, 101 and 103 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106, and further a principal ray corresponding to a center of an upper edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a maximum is defined as 101, and further a principal ray corresponding to a center of a lower edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum is defined as 103.
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4. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and wherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, at least one reflecting surface other than a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">0.05<
DY6A-DY4A<
0.20(1/mm) (9-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">0.05<
DY3A-DY1A<
0.20(1/mm) (10-1)where DY1A, DY3A, DY4A and DY6A are tilts in a Y-axis direction at respective positions of said reflecting surface at which principal rays 101, 103, 104 and 106 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 101, 103, 104 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to a center of an upper edge of the image display area where a field angle in an X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a maximum is defined as 101, and a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both the X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106, and further a principal ray corresponding to a center of a lower edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum is defined as 103.
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5. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and wherein, of said at least two reflecting surfaces, at least one reflecting surface other than a reflecting surface having a strongest refracting power is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following conditions: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.05<
DY6A-DY2A<
0.05(1/mm) (11-1)
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">-0.15<
DY4A-DY2A<
-0.05(1/mm) (12-1)where DY2A, DY4A and DY6A are tilts in a Y-axis direction at respective positions of said reflecting surface at which principal rays 102, 104 and 106 are reflected by said reflecting surface, said principal rays 102, 104 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, an axial principal ray corresponding to a center of the image display area where field angles in both X- and Y-axis directions are zero is defined as 102, and a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both the X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106.
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6. In an image display apparatus comprising an image display device and an ocular optical system for leading an image formed by said image display device to a position of an eyeball of an observer without forming an intermediate image for observing the image observed as a virtual image,
the improvement wherein said ocular optical system includes at least two reflecting surfaces which are decentered and have a refracting power, and further has a transmitting surface disposed to face said image display device, and wherein at least one of said at least two reflecting surfaces is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, and wherein said transmitting surface is formed from a rotationally asymmetric surface having not more than two planes of symmetry, said rotationally asymmetric surface having a configuration which satisfies the following condition: -
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">1.5<
|CXY|<
100 (13-1)where CXY is at least one of values of CX3/CX1, CX6/CX4, CY3/CY1 and CY6/CY4, wherein CY1, CY3, CY4 and CY6 are curvatures in a Y-axis direction and CX1, CX3, CX4 and CX6 are curvatures in an X-axis direction at respective positions on said transmitting surface at which principal rays 101, 103, 104 and 106 pass through said transmitting surface, said principal rays 101, 103, 104 and 106 being defined such that, with respect to an image display area of said image display device, a principal ray corresponding to a center of an upper edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a maximum is defined as 101, and a principal ray corresponding to an upper-right corner of the image display area where field angles in both the X- and Y-axis directions are maximums is defined as 104, and further a principal ray corresponding to a lower-right corner of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is a maximum and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum (a maximum in a negative direction) is defined as 106, and further a principal ray corresponding to a center of a lower edge of the image display area where a field angle in the X-axis direction is zero and a field angle in the Y-axis direction is a minimum is defined as 103.
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Specification