Interleaved synchronous flyback converter with high efficiency over a wide operating load range

• US 6,031,747 A
• Filed: 08/02/1999
• Issued: 02/29/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 08/02/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Space Operations Company (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Steigerwald, Robert L., Ilic, Milan Z.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Laxton, Gary L.
• Application Number:
  US09/366,044
• Time in Patent Office: 211 Days
• Field of Search: 363/21, 363/71
• US Class Current: 363/71
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/285 Single converters with a plurality of output stages connected in parallel parallel operation of a plurality of converters in dc distribution networks H02J1/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33592 having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99953 Recoverability
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 707/99954 Version management

Abstract

The present invention provides a switching power supply which operates at a high efficiency over a wide operating load range. When the output power is below a first power level, the first power converter stage operates in a hard-switching mode and the second power converter stage is off. When the output power is greater than the first power level and less than a second power level, the first power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode and the second power converter stage is off. When an output power is greater than the second power level, the first power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode and the second power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode.

Claims

1. A switching power supply, comprising:

first and second power converter stages coupled in parallel, each of said converter stages comprising;

a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding;

a primary-side power switch connected in series to said primary winding of said transformer; and

a secondary-side power switch connected in series to said secondary winding of said transformer;

wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is below a first power level, said first power converter stage operates in a hard-switching mode and said second power converter stage is off;

wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is greater than said first power level and less than a second power level, said first power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode and said second power converter stage is off;

wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is greater than said second power level, said first power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode and said second power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode.

2. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein when said first and second power converter stages operate in a soft-switching mode, said first and second power stages are switched in a synchronous soft-switching mode.

3. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is greater than said second power level, said first power converter and said second power converter stage operate 180 degrees out of phase.

4. The switching power supply of claim 1, wherein when said first power converter stage operates in said hard-switching mode, said secondary power switch for said first power converter stage is OFF.

5. A switching power supply, comprising:

a first power converter comprising;

a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding;

a primary-side power switch connected in series to said primary winding of said transformer; and

a secondary-side power switch connected in series to said secondary winding of said transformer;

wherein when an output power of said first power converter stage is below a first power level, said first power converter stage operates in a hard-switching mode;

wherein when an output power of said first power converter stage is greater than said first power level, said first power converter stage operates in a soft-switching mode.

6. The switching power supply of claim 5, further comprising a second power converter stage coupled in parallel to said first power converter stage, said second power converter stage comprising:

a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding;

a primary-side power switch connected in series to said primary winding of said transformer; and

a secondary-side power switch connected in series to said secondary winding of said transformer;

wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is less than a second power level, said second power converter stage is off, and when said output power is greater than said second power level, said second power converter stage is operating in a soft-switching mode.

7. The switching power supply of claim 6, wherein when an output power of said first and second power converter stages is greater than said second power level, said first power converter stage and said second power converter stage operate 180 degrees out of phase.

8. The switching power supply of claim 7, wherein said primary-side power switch and said secondary-side power switch in said first and second power converter stages are FETs.

9. A switching power supply, comprising:

first and second power converter stages coupled in parallel, each of said converter stages comprising;

a transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding;

at least one primary-side power switch connected in series to said primary winding of said transformer; and

at least one secondary-side power switch connected in series to said secondary winding of said transformer;

wherein each power stage is operable in an operating mode dependent on an output power of said two power stages, wherein said operating mode is one of;

a soft-switching mode, a hard-switching mode, and an OFF mode.

10. The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein said at least one secondary-side power switch in said first and second power converter stages are synchronous rectifiers.

11. The switching power supply of claim 10, wherein said soft-switching mode is a synchronous soft switching mode.