Network data distribution system

• US 6,032,189 A
• Filed: 02/05/1997
• Issued: 02/29/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 02/06/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
• Original Assignee: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation
• Inventors: Ito, Tatsuaki, Tajiri, Tetsuo, Jinzenji, Hiroshi
• Primary Examiner(s): Burgess, Glenton B.
• Assistant Examiner(s): TITCOMB, WILLIAM D
• Application Number:
  US08/795,937
• Time in Patent Office: 1,119 Days
• Field of Search: 395/200.31, 395/200.33, 395/200.64, 395/200.65, 395/200.6, 370/230, 709/201, 709/203, 709/235, 709/230, 709/234
• US Class Current: 709/235
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/01 Protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1097 for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1396 specially adapted for monitoring users' activity
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols

Abstract

A network data distribution system which is operated, under circumstances affected by external or internal factors, without discontinuing a data distribution service while being adapted to the present situation is provided. In the server side of the system, data requested from a client are divided into packets, and packet data is formed by adding a time index, and in the client side, an amount of transmission or processing delay is calculated based on the time index included in the received packet data, and delay time information based on the calculated result is communicated. The server side selects the packet data to be next transmitted based on the communicated delay time information, and sends the selected packet data. That is, the client has the initiative of controlling the delay situation; thus, it is possible to perform adaptive operations according to delay situations occurring at each side of the server, the network, and the clients which are independently managed, and to realize the best data regeneration performed in the existing system capability.

Claims

1. A network data distribution system for distributing encoded data from a server side to clients via a network, comprising:

in the server side,

packet data forming means for dividing data requested from a client into packets, and forming packet data by adding a time index relating to a process used for processing each divided packet to the packet;

sending means for sending the packet data to the client which requested the data; and

in the client side,

request means for requesting desired data from the server;

receiving means for receiving the packet data sent from the server;

transmission delay calculating means for calculating an amount of transmission delay based on the time index included in the packet data received by the receiving means;

process delay calculating means for calculating an amount of process delay relating to decoding of the received packet data, based on the time index included in the packet data received by the receiving means;

delay information communicating means for communicating delay time information based on the calculated amount of transmission or process delay to the server, and

wherein the sending means in the server side selects the packet data to be next transmitted based on the delay time information communicated by the delay information communicating means, and sends the selected packet data.

2. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data.

3. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the encoded data are video data which were processed by using a compressive coding method.

4. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the delay information communicating means communicates the delay time information to the server when the calculated amount of transmission or process delay exceeds a predetermined allowable value.

5. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the packet data forming means in the server side forms the packet data which includes an identifier indicating whether the data which can be independently decoded is included in the packet data, as well as the time index.

6. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the delay information communicating means in the client side sends refreshed-data request information for requesting the data which can be independently decoded, as well as the delay time information, and

when the server side receives the refreshed-data request information, the sending means selects and sends the packet data to be transmitted next which includes such data which can be independently decoded, based on the delay time information.

7. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the request means in the client side requests the server to send a plurality of the packet data together, and

the sending means in the server side sends the plural packet data continuously to the client side when transmission of a group of the plural packet data is requested by the request means.

8. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data, and

the system further comprises, in the client side, means for calculating the number of the packet data corresponding to the length of the data which can be independently decoded in the received packet data, and for setting the number of the plural packet data, which the request means requests from the server, based on a calculated result.

9. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising, in the client side:

decoding control means for controlling a decoding process in a manner such that the decoding process for the packet data which were received and have not yet been decoded is suspended when the sending means in the server side selectively sends the packet data based on the delay time information, and the decoding process is restarted with the packet data which the sending means newly selects and sends.

10. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein single or multi-stage relay servers, each relay server having a receiver for receiving data and a transmitter for transmitting the received data, are located in a part of or the whole of plural paths concatenating the server and the clients via the network.

11. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 10, wherein the transmitter transmits data to plural destinations in parallel.

12. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising:

server load monitoring means for monitoring a load status of the server which distributes data; and

path-reconstructing means for changing the form of the path-connection between the server which distributes data, said relay servers, and the clients, based on the load status monitored by the server load monitoring means.

13. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 10, further comprising:

relay-server load monitoring means for monitoring a load status of each relay server; and

path-reconstructing means for changing the form of the path-connection between the server which distributes data, said relay servers, and the clients, based on the load status monitored by the relay-server load monitoring means.

14. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 10, wherein said single or multi-stage relay servers include a relay server which has permission to access both the server which distributes data and a client which has no permission to access said server which distributes data.

45. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time index indicates an expected starting time of the decoding process.

46. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculated amount of transmission delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the arrival of a first target packet data to the arrival of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.

47. A network data distribution system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculated amount of process delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the starting time of processing of a first target packet data to the starting time of processing of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.

15. A data distribution server used in a network data distribution system for distributing encoded data from a server side to clients via a network, the server comprising:

packet data forming means for dividing data requested from a client into packets, and forming packet data by adding a time index relating to a process used for processing each divided packet to the packet; and

sending means for sending the packet data to the client which requested the data, and for selecting the packet data to be next transmitted based on delay time information communicated by the client, the information relating to transmission or a decoding process with respect to the packet data; and

sending the selected packet data.

16. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 15, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data.

17. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 16, wherein the encoded data are video data which were processed by using a compressive coding method.

18. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 16, wherein the packet data forming means forms the packet data which includes an identifier indicating whether the data which can be independently decoded is included in the packet data, as well as the time index.

19. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 16, wherein when the data which can be independently decoded is requested by a client, the sending means selects and sends the packet data to be transmitted next which includes such data which can be independently decoded, based on the delay time information.

20. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 15, wherein when transmission of a group of plural packet data is requested by a client, the sending means sends the plural packet data continuously to the client side.

48. A data distribution server as claimed in claim 15, wherein the time index indicates an expected starting time of the decoding process.

21. A client apparatus used in a network data distribution system for distributing encoded data from a server side to clients via a network, the apparatus comprising:

request means for requesting desired data from the server;

receiving means for receiving the packet data sent from the server;

transmission delay calculating means for calculating an amount of transmission delay based on a time index included in the packet data received by the receiving means, the time index relating to a process used for processing the packet data;

process delay calculating means for calculating an amount of process delay relating to decoding of the received packet data, based on the time index included in the packet data received by the receiving means; and

delay information communicating means for communicating delay time information based on the calculated amount of transmission or process delay to the server.

22. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data.

23. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein the encoded data are video data which were processed by using a compressive coding method.

24. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the delay information communicating means communicates the delay time information to the server when the calculated amount of transmission or process delay exceeds a predetermined allowable value.

25. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 22, wherein the delay information communicating means sends refreshed-data request information for requesting the data which can be independently decoded, as well as the delay time information.

26. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the request means in the client side requests the server to send a plurality of the packet data together.

27. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 26, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data, and

the apparatus further comprises means for calculating the number of the packet data corresponding to the length of the data which can be independently decoded in the received packet data, and for setting the number of the plural packet data, which the request means requests from the server, based on a calculated result.

28. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, further comprising:

decoding control means for controlling a decoding process in a manner such that the decoding process for the packet data which were received and have not yet been decoded is suspended in accordance with the kind and transmission timing with respect to the packet data sent from the server side, and the decoding process is restarted with another packet data which is newly received.

49. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the calculated amount of transmission delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the arrival of a first target packet data to the arrival of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.

50. A client apparatus as claimed in claim 21, wherein the calculated amount of process delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the starting time of processing of a first target packet data to the starting time of processing of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.

29. A data distribution method used in a network data distribution system for distributing encoded data from a server side to clients via a network, the method comprising the steps of:

dividing data requested from a client into packets, and forming packet data by adding a time index relating to a process used for processing each divided packet to the packet; and

sending the packet data to the client which requested the data, selecting the packet data to be next transmitted based on delay time information communicated by the client, the information relating to transmission or a decoding process with respect to the packet data, and sending the selected packet data.

30. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 29, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data.

31. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 30, wherein the encoded data are video data which were processed by using a compressive coding method.

32. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 30, wherein in the step of forming the packet data, the packet data which includes an identifier indicating whether the data which can be independently decoded is included in the packet data, as well as the time index, is formed.

33. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 30, wherein in the step of selecting and sending the packet data, when the data which can be independently decoded is requested by a client, the packet data to be transmitted next which includes such data which can be independently decoded is selected and sent based on the delay time information.

34. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 29, wherein in the step of selecting and sending the packet data, when transmission of a group of plural packet data is requested by a client, the plural packet data are continuously sent to the client side.

35. A storage medium storing a computer program for making a computer execute one of the methods claimed in claims 29-34.

51. A data distribution method as claimed in claim 29, wherein the time index indicates an expected starting time of the decoding process.

36. A client-side control method used in a network data distribution system for distributing encoded data from a server side to clients via a network, the method comprising the steps of:

requesting desired data from the server;

receiving the packet data sent from the server;

calculating an amount of transmission delay based on a time index included in the received packet data, the time index relating to a process used for processing the packet data;

calculating an amount of process delay relating to decoding of the received packet data, based on the time index included in the received packet data; and

communicating delay time information based on the calculated amount of transmission or process delay to the server.

37. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data.

38. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 37, wherein the encoded data are video data which were processed by using a compressive coding method.

39. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, wherein in the step of communicating the delay time information, the delay time information is communicated to the server when the calculated amount of transmission or process delay exceeds a predetermined allowable value.

40. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 37, wherein in the step of communicating the delay time information, refreshed-data request information for requesting the data which can be independently decoded is sent as well as the delay time information.

41. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, wherein the step of requesting data comprises requesting the server to send a plurality of the packet data together.

42. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 41, wherein the encoded data have a form such that data which can be independently decoded are periodically included in data which can be decoded by using a correlation with other data, and

the method further comprises the step of calculating the number of the packet data corresponding to the length of the data which can be independently decoded in the received packet data, and setting the number of the plural packet data, which are requested from the server, based on a calculated result.

43. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, further comprising the step of:

controlling a decoding process in a manner such that the decoding process for the packet data which were received and have not yet been decoded is suspended in accordance with the kind and transmission timing with respect to the packet data sent from the server side, and the decoding process is restarted with another packet data which is newly received.

44. A storage medium storing a computer program for making a computer execute one of the methods claimed in claims 36-43.

52. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, wherein the calculated amount of transmission delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the arrival of a first target packet data to the arrival of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.

53. A client-side control method as claimed in claim 36, wherein the calculated amount of process delay is a difference between an elapsed time from the starting time of processing of a first target packet data to the starting time of processing of a second target packet data, and a time obtained by subtracting the time index of the first target packet data from the time index of the second target packet data.