System and method for creating movement utilizing a servo mechanism with a self-aligning clutch

• US 6,032,548 A
• Filed: 08/08/1997
• Issued: 03/07/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 08/08/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Musicqubed Innovations LLC (Ascend Innovation Management, LLC)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Corporation
• Inventors: Singh, Harjit, Grome, Donald Charles, Del Castillo, Leonardo, Reents, Jeffery Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Bonck, Rodney H.
• Application Number:
  US08/907,473
• Time in Patent Office: 942 Days
• Field of Search: 464/57, 901/9, 901/11, 901/23, 901/25, 192/55.2, 192/55.5, 16/285, 74/490.03, 74/435, 74/89.19
• US Class Current: 74/89.19
• CPC Class Codes: A63H 3/48 Mounting of parts within dolls, e.g. automatic eyes or parts for animation self-moving A63H13/00
• CPC Class Codes: B25J 9/0003 Home robots, i.e. small robots for domestic use
• CPC Class Codes: B25J 9/126 Rotary actuators
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 74/18824 with biasing means

Abstract

A system for providing self-alignment of an appendage or other movable part comprising an input device, a self-aligning clutch, a processor, a feedback sensor, and a timer. The input device drives a set of gears including a partial output gear. The self-aligning clutch is coupled to the output gear and moves the appendage in response to the rotational motion of the output gear. The self-aligning clutch includes a flexible link for transferring energy from the output gear to the appendage and for maintaining the relative alignment between the appendage and the output gear. When an obstruction prevents the appendage from moving to the desired position, the flexible link stores energy. After the obstruction is removed, the flexible link releases the stored energy to move the appendage so that the relative alignment between the output gear and the appendage is maintained. The self-aligning clutch prevents damage to the servo when an external force is applied to the appendage. The feedback sensor monitors the position of the output gear and provides the current position of the output gear. The processor controls power to the input device and calculates the difference between the current position and the desired position of the output gear. The processor provides a timer value to a timer based on the calculation performed by the processor. If the timer value expires before the output gear has moved to the desired position, the processor terminates power to the input device.

Claims

1. An apparatus for moving and monitoring the position of an appendage in a mechanical character, comprising:

a processor operable for transmitting control signals defining movement commands for the appendage and receiving encoded electric feedback signals representing position information for the appendage;

a motor operative for receiving the control signals from the processor and for rotationally driving a driver link in response to the control signals;

a self-aligning clutch comprising a flexible link rotationally coupling the driver link to an output gear coupled to the appendage, the flexible link operable for maintaining rotational alignment between the driver link and the output gear when the appendage is not obstructed, and flexing to allow rotational misalignment between the driver link and the output gear when the appendage is obstructed, the flexible link further operable for storing energy resulting from rotational misalignment between the driver link and the output gear when the appendage is obstructed and returning the stored energy to realign the driver link and the output gear when the appendage becomes unobstructed; and

a feedback circuit including;

an encoder board that is rotationally stationary with respect to the output gear, the encoder board defining a conductive common trace and a plurality of conductive signal traces; and

a conductive commutator electrically connected to the common trace and rotationally coupled to the output gear, the commutator defining a plurality of fingers in contact with the encoder board and configured to cause the signal traces of the encoder board to produce the encoded electric feedback signals as the conductive fingers sweep over the encoder board.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flexible link comprises a helical spring having a first end positioned to engage the output gear and a second end positioned to engage the driver link.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a power source and a voltage detector providing the processor with an indication of voltage produced by the power source, wherein the processor is further operative for controlling the power consumption of the motor by:

(a) detecting a first control signal for movement of the output gear from a current desired position to a new desired position within a predetermined time period;

(b) determining whether the new desired position is different from the current desired position;

(c) determining whether the voltage level of the power source is below a specific threshold;

(d) powering the motor if the new desired position is different from the current desired position and the voltage level of the power source is not below the specific threshold; and

(e) terminating the power to the motor upon the occurrence of the first of

     1) the output gear reaching the current desired position,

     2) the predetermined time period expiring, or

     3) the voltage of the power source is below the specific threshold.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the processor is further configured for:

monitoring a current position of the output gear;

comparing the current position of the output gear to the current desired position; and

determining whether the current position is the same as the current desired position before performing the step of terminating the power to the motor.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the processor is further configured for repeating steps (a) through (e) for each additional control signal after the first control signal.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further operative for:

detecting a control signal defining a desired position for the output gear;

determining a current position of the output gear based on the feedback signals;

calculating a timer value for driving the output gear from the current position to the desired position;

initiating power to the drive gear in response to the control signal; and

terminating power to the output gear if the timer value expires before the output gear has reached the desired position.