Floating head assembly

• US 6,033,100 A
• Filed: 07/16/1998
• Issued: 03/07/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 07/16/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Molecular Devices
• Original Assignee: LJL Biosystems, Inc. (Molecular Devices)
• Inventors: Modlin, Douglas N., Edwards, Glenn R., Marquiss, Samuel A.
• Primary Examiner(s): CARIASO, ALAN B
• Application Number:
  US09/118,310
• Time in Patent Office: 600 Days
• Field of Search: 385/53, 385/58, 385/60, 385/70, 385/72, 385/76-78, 385/88, 385/90, 385/92, 385/16, 385/19, 385/22, 385/25, 362/267, 362/288, 362/366, 362/455, 362/551, 362/581, 362/369, 362/390
• US Class Current: 362/581
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00315 Microtiter plates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00317 Microwell devices, i.e. having large numbers of wells
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0061 The surface being organic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00686 Automatic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00691 using robots
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00707 separated from the reactor apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0829 Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 9/523 for multisample carriers, e.g. used for microtitration plates
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/76 Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/807 Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/809 Multifield plates or multicontainer arrays
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/11 Automated chemical analysis
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/113332 with conveyance of sample along a test line in a container or rack
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/114165 with step of insertion or removal from test line
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/115831 Condition or time responsive
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/25 : including sample preparation

Abstract

Devices and methods for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface substantially without leakage. In one embodiment, the device comprises an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light, and an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned. In another embodiment, the device comprises an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light, and an opaque collar positioned around the end and spring-biased relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned. The devices further may include a stop mechanism for limiting movement of the opaque collar, a registration mechanism for aligning the end and the aperture, and a light source and/or a detector for generating or detecting light, among others.

Claims

1. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light;

an operative mounting mechanism that permits relative motion between the optical relay structure and the surface in a direction substantially parallel to a tangent to the surface, so that the end and the aperture may be brought into and out of alignment; and

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the optical relay structure includes a central axis the opaque collar reorienting by changing angle relative to the central axis.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the opaque collar is spring-biased relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned.

4. The device of claim 1, further comprising:

a base;

a spring operatively associated with the base, wherein the opaque collar is spring-biased relative to the end when the spring is compressed between the opaque collar and the base; and

a stop mechanism configured to limit relative movement of the opaque collar and the base.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the optical relay structure includes at least one of a fiber optic cable, a light source, and a detector.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the surface is substantially flat.

7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a registration mechanism configured to align the end and the aperture.

8. The device of claim 7, wherein the surface includes two apertures, and the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with either aperture.

9. The device of claim 7, wherein the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with a portion of the surface not including an aperture to prevent the optical relay structure from transmitting light.

10. The device of claim 1, further comprising a spring, wherein at least a portion of the opaque collar deforms under pressure from the spring substantially to conform to asperities in the surface.

11. The device of claim 1, further comprising a light source positioned on a side of the surface opposite the optical relay structure, so that when the end of the optical relay structure is aligned with the aperture, light from the light source can be transmitted through the aperture and optical relay structure substantially without leakage.

12. The device of claim 1, further comprising a detector positioned on a side of the surface opposite the optical relay structure, so that when the end of the optical relay structure is aligned with the aperture, light can be transmitted through the optical relay structure and aperture to the detector substantially without leakage.

30. The device of claim 1, the aperture having an aperture axis, the optical relay structure having a central axis, wherein the central axis remains substantially parallel to the aperture axis as the end and the aperture are aligned.

13. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light; and

an opaque collar positioned around the end and spring-biased relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed.

14. The device of claim 13, wherein the opaque collar is configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned.

15. The device of claim 13, further comprising:

a base;

a spring operatively associated with the base, wherein the opaque collar is spring-biased relative to the end when the spring is compressed between the opaque collar and the base; and

a stop mechanism configured to limit relative movement of the opaque collar and the base.

16. The device of claim 13, wherein the optical relay structure includes at least one of a fiber optic cable, a light source, and a detector.

17. The device of claim 13, wherein the surface is substantially flat.

18. The device of claim 13, further comprising a registration mechanism configured to align the end and the aperture.

19. The device of claim 18, wherein the surface includes two apertures, and the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with either aperture.

20. The device of claim 18, wherein the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with a portion of the surface not including an aperture to prevent the optical relay structure from transmitting light.

21. The device of claim 13, wherein at least a portion of the opaque collar deforms under pressure from the spring substantially to conform to asperities in the surface.

22. The device of claim 13, further comprising a light source positioned on a side of the surface opposite the optical relay structure, so that when the end of the optical relay structure is aligned with the aperture, light from the light source can be transmitted through the aperture and optical relay structure substantially without leakage.

23. The device of claim 13, further comprising a detector positioned on a side of the surface opposite the optical relay structure, so that when the end of the optical relay structure is aligned with the aperture, light can be transmitted through the optical relay structure and aperture to the detector substantially without leakage.

31. The device of claim 13, further comprising an operative mounting mechanism that permits relative motion between the optical relay structure and the surface in a direction substantially parallel to a tangent to the surface, so that the end and the aperture may be brought into and out of alignment.

32. The device of claim 13, the aperture having an aperture axis, the optical relay structure having a central axis, wherein the central axis remains substantially parallel to the aperture axis as the end and the aperture are aligned.

24. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having a central axis and an end configured to transmit light;

first and second opaque walls positioned around the end, the opaque walls being concentric and partially overlapping; and

a biasing mechanism to force the opaque walls in opposite directions parallel to the central axis, so that the first opaque wall is spring-biased against the surface to form a substantially light-tight junction when the end and the aperture are aligned.

25. The device of claim 24, wherein one of the opaque walls has a flange that limits relative movement of the walls.

26. A method of light-tight switching between two light fixtures, the method comprising:

providing first and second light fixtures housed in first and second light fixture slots, each light fixture slot having an aperture for transmitting light, wherein the apertures are located on a common surface;

providing a device for transmitting light through the aperture, the device including (1) an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light, and (2) an opaque collar positioned around the end;

aligning the device with one of the apertures;

forming a substantially light-tight junction by reorienting the opaque collar to conform to the surface; and

aligning the device with the other of the apertures by translating the device so that the opaque collar maintains substantially light-tight contact with the common surface.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein the two light fixtures are light sources.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein the two light fixtures are detectors.

29. A method of light-tight switching between two light fixtures, the method comprising:

providing first and second light fixtures housed in first and second light fixture slots, each light fixture slot having an aperture for transmitting light, wherein the apertures are located on a common surface;

providing a device for transmitting light through the aperture, the device including (1) an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light and (2) an opaque collar positioned around the end;

aligning the device with one of the apertures;

forming a substantially light-tight junction by spring-biasing the opaque collar relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface; and

aligning the device with the other of the apertures by translating the device so that the opaque collar maintains substantially light-tight contact with the common surface.

33. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light;

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed;

a base;

a spring operatively associated with the base, wherein the opaque collar is spring-biased relative to the end when the spring is compressed between the opaque collar and the base; and

a stop mechanism configured to limit relative movement of the opaque collar and the base.

34. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light;

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed; and

a registration mechanism configured to align the end and the aperture, wherein the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with a portion of the surface not including an aperture to prevent the optical relay structure from transmitting light.

35. The device of claim 34, wherein the surface includes two apertures, and the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with either aperture.

36. The device of claim 34, wherein the opaque collar is spring-based relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned.

37. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light;

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed; and

a spring;

wherein at least a portion of the opaque collar deforms under pressure from the spring substantially to conform to asperities in the surface.

38. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having a central axis and an end configured to transmit light; and

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed;

wherein the central axis of the optical relay structure remains substantially parallel to an aperture axis of the aperture as the end and the aperture are aligned.

39. The device of claim 38, wherein the opaque collar is spring-based relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned.

40. A device for transmitting light through an aperture in a surface having two apertures, the device comprising:

an optical relay structure having an end configured to transmit light;

an opaque collar positioned around the end and configured to reorient to conform to the surface when the end and one of the two apertures are aligned, so that a substantially light-tight junction is formed; and

a registration mechanism configured to align the end and the aperture, wherein the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with either aperture.

41. The device of claim 40, wherein the registration mechanism is capable of aligning the end with a portion of the surface not including an aperture to prevent the optical relay structure from transmitting light.

42. The device of claim 40, wherein the opaque collar is spring-biased relative to the end, so that the opaque collar is forced against the surface when the end and the aperture are aligned.