Lubricating oil formulations

• US 6,034,040 A
• Filed: 08/03/1998
• Issued: 03/07/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 08/03/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Afton Chemical Corporation
• Original Assignee: Ethyl Corporation (Newmarket Corporation)
• Inventors: Ozbalik, Nubar, Srinivasan, Sanjay, Gatto, Vincent James
• Primary Examiner(s): Howard, Jacqueline V.
• Application Number:
  US09/128,156
• Time in Patent Office: 582 Days
• Field of Search: 508/469, 585/13
• US Class Current: 508/469
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 101/02 Petroleum fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/38 having 8 or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 129/76 containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/06 having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/12 having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/16 Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/44 Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 133/52 having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/02 Sulfurised compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/20 Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/30 containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 135/36 the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/04 Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 137/105 not containing metal
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/04 containing propene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 143/06 containing butene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 145/18 Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 169/04 Mixtures of base-materials and additives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/10 Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1006 used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/102 : Aliphatic fractions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1025 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1045 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1065 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2203/1085 : used as base material
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/00 : Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/024 : Propene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2205/026 : Butene
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/024 : having at least two phenol groups but no condensed ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/026 : with tertiary alkyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/123 : polycarboxylic
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/125 : having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/129 : having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/16 : Naphthenic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/22 : Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/282 : of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/287 : Partial esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/288 : containing free carboxyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/289 : containing free hydroxy groups
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2207/34 : Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/084 : Acrylate; Methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2209/10 : Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/04 : having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/042 : containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/06 : having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/062 : containing hydroxy groups bound to the aromatic ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/064 : Di- and triaryl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/065 : Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/066 : Arylene diamines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/067 : Polyaryl amine alkanes
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/068 : having amino groups bound to polycyclic aromatic ring systems, i.e. systems with three or more condensed rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/08 : Amides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/082 : containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/086 : Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/12 : Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/122 : Phtalamic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/22 : Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/221 : Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/223 : Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/225 : the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/226 : Morpholines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/24 : having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms , e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/26 : Amines
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/28 : Amides; Imides
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2215/30 : Heterocyclic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/046 : Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2217/06 : Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/02 : Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/022 : of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines polyolefins C10M2221/041
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/024 : of esters, e.g. fats
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/08 : Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/083 : Dibenzyl sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/086 : containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/087 : containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/088 : Neutral salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/089 : Overbased salts
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/10 : Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/102 : containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/104 : containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/106 : Thiadiazoles
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2219/108 : Phenothiazine
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/04 : Phosphate esters
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/041 : Triaryl phosphates
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2223/047 : Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
• CPC Class Codes: C10M 2227/061 : Esters derived from boron
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2020/01 : Physico-chemical properties
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/04 : Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/042 : for automatic transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/044 : for manual transmissions
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/046 : for traction drives
• CPC Class Codes: C10N 2040/08 : Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

Abstract

Lubricating oil compositions having excellent thermal and oxidative stability, wear control, copper corrosion control and compatibility with seal materials comprising a mineral oil having a) a Viscosity Index of greater than 110 and an aniline point of greater than 110° C. and/or b) a linear+single ring paraffin content of greater than 68 wt %, and at least one polymer selected from olefin (co) polymer(s), polyalkyl (meth) acrylate(s) and mixtures thereof. The lubricating oil compositions are particularly useful as manual transmission and axle lubricants.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil composition comprising:

(A) a mineral oil having a Viscosity Index of greater than 110, an aniline point of greater than 110°

C. and a linear+single ring, paraffin content of 68% or greater;

(B) from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of olefin (co) polymer(s), polyalkyl (meth) acrylate(s) and mixtures thereof;

(C) from 2 to 25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a detergent/inhibitor package.

2. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 comprising:

(A) a mineral oil having a Viscosity Index of greater than 110, an aniline point of greater than 110°

C. and a linear+single ring paraffin content of 68% or greater;

(B) from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a mixture of polymers comprising (b'"'"') at least one olefin (co) polymer and (b") at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate;

(C) from 2 to 25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a detergent/inhibitor package.

3. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein (B) comprises at least one olefin (co) polymer having a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

4. The lubricating oil composition of claim 2 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

5. The lubricating oil composition of claim 3 wherein the olefin (co) polymer comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

6. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

7. The lubricating oil composition of claim 6 wherein the polyisobutylene has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 3,000.

8. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 wherein (b'"'"') and (b") are present in a ratio of b'"'"':

b" of from 20;

1 to 1;

2.

9. The lubricating oil composition of claim 4 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') is present in an amount of from 12 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

10. The lubricating oil composition of claim 1 wherein (B) comprises at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

11. The lubricating oil composition of claim 2 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") has a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

12. The lubricating oil composition of claim 11 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

13. The lubricating oil composition of claim 11 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 1 to 6 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

14. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 containing less than 10 weight percent of a poly-α

-olefin.

15. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 containing no poly-α

-olefin(s).

16. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1 having a kinematic viscosity at 100°

C. of greater than 13.5 cSt.

17. A method of lubricating a manual transmission, said method comprises introducing into a manual transmission a lubricating oil composition comprising:

(A) From 40 to 93 weight percent of a mineral oil having a Viscosity Index of greater than 110;

an aniline point of greater than 110°

C. and a linear+single ring paraffin content of 68% or greater;

(B) from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of olefin (co) polymer(s), polyalkyl (meth) acrylate(s) and mixtures thereof; and

(C) from 2 to 25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a detergent/inhibitor package, wherein the detergent/inhibitor package provides 0.2 to 5 wt % dispersant(s), 0 to 1.0 wt % antioxidant(s) and 0.01 to 2 wt % inhibitor(s) to the finished lubricating oil.

18. The method according to claim 17 wherein (B) comprises at least one olefin (co) polymer having a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

19. The method according to claim 18 wherein the olefin (co) polymer comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

20. The method according to claim 19 wherein the polyisobutylene has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 3,000.

21. The method according to claim 18 wherein the olefin (co) polymer comprises at least one ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer.

22. The method according to claim 17 wherein (B) comprises at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

23. The method according to claim 17 wherein component (B) comprises a mixture of polymers comprising (b'"'"') at least one olefin (co) polymer and (b") at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate.

24. The method according to claim 23 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

25. The method according to claim 24 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

26. The method according to claim 24 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') comprises at least one ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer.

28. The method according to claim 23 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') is present in an amount of from 12 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

29. The method according to claim 23 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") has a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

30. The method according to claim 23 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

31. The method according to claim 30 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 1 to 6 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

32. The method according to claim 17 wherein the antioxidant(s) is present in the lubricating oil composition in an amount of from about 0.2 to about 1.0 wt %.

33. The method according to claim 32 wherein the antioxidant comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of phenolic antioxidants, aromatic amine antioxidants, sulfurized phenolic antioxidants, organic phosphites and mixtures thereof.

34. The method according to claim 17 wherein the dispersant comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkenyl succinimides, alkenyl succinic acid esters, alkenyl succinic ester-amides, Mannich bases, hydrocarbyl polyamines and polymeric polyamines.

35. The method according to claim 34 wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises at least one dispersant that has been phosphorylated, boronated or both phosphorylated and boronated.

27. The method according to claim 27 wherein (b'"'"') and (b") are present in a ratio of b'"'"':

b" of from 20;

1 to 1;

2.

36. A method of lubricating a vehicle axle, said method comprises introducing into the axle of a vehicle a lubricating oil composition comprising:

(A) from 40 to 93 weight percent of a mineral oil having a Viscosity Index of greater than 110, an aniline point of greater than 110°

C. and a linear+single ring paraffin content of 68% or greater;

(B) from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of olefin (co) polymer(s), polyalkyl (meth) acrylate(s) and mixtures thereof; and

(C) from 2 to 25 weight percent, based on the total weight of the lubricating oil composition, of a detergent/inhibitor package, wherein the detergent/inhibitor package provides 3-15 wt % sulfur containing extreme pressure agent(s), 2-10 wt % phosphorus containing anti-wear agent(s), 0.2-5 wt % dispersant(s) and 0.01-2 wt % inhibitor(s) to the finished lubricating oil.

37. The method according to claim 36 wherein (B) comprises at least one olefin (co) polymer having a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

38. The method according to claim 37 wherein the olefin (co) polymer comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

39. The method according to claim 38 wherein the polyisobutylene has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 3,000.

40. The method according to claim 37 wherein the olefin (co) polymer comprises at least one ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer.

41. The method according to claim 36 wherein (B) comprises at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate having a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

42. The method according to claim 36 wherein component (B) comprises a mixture of polymers comprising (b'"'"') at least one olefin (co) polymer and (b") at least one polyalkyl (meth) acrylate.

43. The method according to claim 42 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') has a number average molecular weight of from about 1,000 to about 10,000.

44. The method according to claim 43 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') comprises at least one polyisobutylene.

45. The method according to claim 43 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') comprises at least one ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer.

46. The method according to claim 42 wherein (b'"'"') and (b") are present in a ratio of b'"'"':

b" of from 20;

1 to 1;

2.

47. The method according to claim 42 wherein the olefin (co) polymer (b'"'"') is present in an amount of from 12 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

48. The method according to claim 42 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") has a number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 250,000.

49. The method according to claim 42 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 20 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.

50. The method according to claim 49 wherein the polyalkyl (meth) acrylate (b") is present in an amount of from 1 to 6 weight percent, based on the weight of the total lubricating oil composition.