Circuit and method of current limiting a half-bridge driver

• US 6,037,674 A
• Filed: 06/26/1998
• Issued: 03/14/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/26/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Motorola, Inc. (Motorola Solutions, Inc.)
• Inventors: Wollschlager, Randall T., Hargedon, John M.
• Primary Examiner(s): PALADINI, ALBERT WILLIAM
• Application Number:
  US09/105,586
• Time in Patent Office: 627 Days
• Field of Search: 307/10.1, 307/9.1, 307/31, 307/52, 180/268, 180/271, 280/728.1, 280/734, 280/735, 324/502, 340/436, 701/45, 701/36
• US Class Current: 307/10.1
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 2021/01034 Controlling a plurality of restraint devices
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 21/017 including arrangements for providing electric power to safety arrangements or their actuating means, e.g. to pyrotechnic fuses or electro-mechanic valves

Abstract

A half-bridge driver provides a current limit on the low-side driver (20) and a current limit on the high-side driver (16). The current limits are initially set equal. If the low-side driver current limits, then a modulation current from the low-side driver increases the high-side driver current limit threshold to maintain stable operation of the control circuits. In addition, the present invention provides dual conduction paths to charge the main conduction transistor of the low-side driver, while detecting current limit. When current limit is detected, the charging current to the main conduction transistor is switched to current limit mode.

Claims

1. A half-bridge driver circuit, comprising:

a first driver having a conduction path coupled for receiving a first current, wherein the first driver has a current limit threshold to limit the first current in the conduction path of the first driver; and

a second driver having a conduction path coupled for receiving the first current, wherein the second driver initially has a current limit threshold of the first driver to limit the first current in the conduction path of the second driver, and wherein the current limit threshold of the second driver is dynamically changeable.

2. The half-bridge driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the first driver includes an output for providing a modulation signal upon conducting a predetermined level of the first current through its conduction path and the second driver includes an input coupled for receiving the modulation signal which changes the current limit threshold of the second driver.

3. The half-bridge driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the first driver includes:

a first transistor (56) having first and second conduction terminals coupled in the conduction path of the first driver;

a first current source (60) having an output coupled to a control terminal of the first transistor;

a second current source (64) having an output;

a second transistor (66) having a first conduction terminal and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, and a second conduction terminal coupled to the conduction path of the first driver; and

a third transistor (68) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the output of the first current source, a second conduction terminal coupled to a power supply conductor (24), and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source.

4. The half-bridge driver circuit of claim 3, wherein the first driver further includes:

a third current source (70) having an output; and

a fourth transistor (72) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the output of the third current source for providing the modulation signal, a second conduction terminal coupled to the power supply conductor, and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source.

5. The half-bridge driver circuit of claim 1, wherein the second driver includes:

a first transistor (76) having first and second conduction terminals coupled in the conduction path of the second driver;

a resistor (78) coupled in the conduction path of the second driver;

a first current source (80) having an output coupled to a control terminal of the first transistor;

a second current source (82) having an output;

a second transistor (84) having a first conduction terminal and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, and a second conduction terminal coupled to a first terminal of the resistor;

a third transistor (88) having a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, a first conduction terminal coupled to a second terminal of the resistor, and a second conduction terminal coupled for receiving the modulation signal; and

a current mirror (90-92) having an input coupled to the second conduction terminal of the third transistor and an output coupled to the output of the first current source.

6. An airbag control circuit, comprising:

a first driver (20) having a conduction path coupled between a first power supply conductor and a terminal coupled for receiving a firing current, wherein the first driver has an output for providing a modulation signal upon conducting a predetermined level of the firing current through its conduction path; and

a second driver (16) having a conduction path coupled between a second power supply conductor and a terminal coupled for receiving the firing current, wherein the second driver has an input coupled for receiving the modulation signal which increases a current limit threshold of the second driver current.

7. The airbag control circuit of claim 6, wherein the first driver includes:

a first transistor (56) having first and second conduction terminals coupled in the conduction path of the first driver;

a first current source (60) having an output coupled to a control terminal of the first transistor;

a second current source (64) having an output;

a second transistor (66) having a first conduction terminal and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, and a second conduction terminal coupled to the conduction path of the first driver; and

a third transistor (68) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the output of the first current source, a second conduction terminal coupled to a power supply conductor(24), and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source.

8. The airbag control circuit of claim 7, wherein the first driver further includes:

a third current source (70) having an output; and

a fourth transistor (72) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the output of the third current source for providing the modulation signal, a second conduction terminal coupled to the power supply conductor, and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source.

9. The airbag control circuit of claim 6, wherein the second driver includes:

a first transistor (76) having first and second conduction terminals coupled in the conduction path of the second driver;

a resistor (78) coupled in the conduction path of the second driver;

a first current source (80) having an output coupled to a control terminal of the first transistor;

a second current source (82) having an output;

a second transistor (84) having a first conduction terminal and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, and a second conduction terminal coupled to a first terminal of the resistor;

a third transistor (88) having a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, a first conduction terminal coupled to a second terminal of the resistor, and a second conduction terminal coupled for receiving the modulation signal; and

a current mirror (90-92) having an input coupled to the second conduction terminal of the third transistor and an output coupled to the output of the first current source.

10. A driver circuit having a conduction path, comprising:

a first transistor (100) having first and second conduction terminals coupled in the conduction path for conducting a first current;

a first current source (110,

     116) having a first output for providing a charging current to a control terminal of the first transistor; and

a switching circuit (106,

     108) coupled between the first output of the first current source and a power supply conductor for conducting a portion of the charging current to limit the first current in the conduction path.

11. The driver circuit of claim 10, further including:

a second current source (112) having an output;

a second transistor (114) having a first conduction terminal and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source, and a second conduction terminal coupled to the conduction path; and

a third transistor (118) having a first conduction terminal coupled to an output of the switching circuit, a second conduction terminal coupled to the power supply conductor, and a control terminal coupled to the output of the second current source.

12. The driver circuit of claim 11, wherein the switching circuit includes:

a fourth transistor (106) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the first output of the first current source, a second conduction terminal coupled to the first conduction terminal of the third transistor, and a control terminal coupled for receiving a first control signal; and

a fifth transistor (108) having a first conduction terminal coupled to a second output of the first current source, a second conduction terminal coupled to the first conduction terminal of the third transistor, and a control terminal coupled for receiving a second control signal.

13. The driver circuit of claim 12, further including:

a third current source (120) having an output; and

a fourth transistor (122) having a first conduction terminal coupled to the output of the third current source, a second conduction terminal coupled to the power supply conductor, and a control terminal coupled to the first conduction terminal of the third transistor.

14. The driver circuit of claim 13, further including:

a buffer (124) having an input coupled to the first conduction terminal of the fourth transistor; and

a flipflop (104) having a set input coupled to an output of the buffer, a reset input coupled for receiving a reset signal, a first output for providing the first control signal, and a second output for providing the second control signal.

15. A method for changing a current limit threshold, comprising the steps of:

conducting a firing current through first and second conduction paths;

providing a modulation signal upon conducting a predetermined level of the firing current through the first conduction path; and

changing a current limit threshold of the second conduction path in response to the modulation signal.

16. The method of claim 15, further including the steps of:

charging a control terminal of a first transistor in the first conduction path with a first current from a first current source; and

drawing a portion of the first current away from the control terminal of the first transistor upon detecting the predetermined level of the firing current through the first conduction path.

17. The method of claim 16, further including the steps of:

sinking a second current from a second current source through a second transistor; and

increasing conduction through the second transistor upon detecting the predetermined level of the firing current through the first conduction path, wherein the increasing conduction through the second transistor exceeds the second current and sinks a modulation current.

18. The method of claim 17, further including the steps of:

charging a control terminal of a third transistor in the second conduction path with a third current from a third current source; and

drawing a portion of the third current away from the control terminal of the third transistor to current limit the second conduction path upon detecting a predetermined level of the firing current through the second conduction path.

19. The method of claim 18, further including the steps of reducing the portion of the third current drawn away from the control terminal of the third transistor by the modulation current to increase the current limit threshold of the second conduction path.