Living tissue stimulation and recording techniques with local control of active sites
First Claim
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1. Apparatus for interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient comprising:
- a group of implantable electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of electrodes being arranged on at least one implantable lead to form at least one array wherein each electrode is adjacent at least one other of said electrodes;
a main cable having at least one power conductor adapted to extend to a site adjacent said tissue wherein the number of said power conductors is fewer than the number of said electrodes;
a source of data;
a data conductor adapted to extend to said site adjacent said tissue from said source of data; and
implantable controller means in communication with said source of data and responsive to said data for gating to said main cable at least one pair of nonadjacent electrodes within said group to establish an anode and cathode relationship between said pair of nonadjacent electrodes.
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Abstract
Implantable electrodes adapted to interact with electrically excitable tissue are selected by an implantable, programmable controller that receives power from a main cable and data from a data conductor that identifies the stimulation and recording electrodes to be activated. The implantable controller enables electrical signals to be transmitted between a distal site of power generation and a selected subset of multiple electrodes with a minimum number of conductor wires.
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Citations
31 Claims
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1. Apparatus for interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient comprising:
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a group of implantable electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of electrodes being arranged on at least one implantable lead to form at least one array wherein each electrode is adjacent at least one other of said electrodes; a main cable having at least one power conductor adapted to extend to a site adjacent said tissue wherein the number of said power conductors is fewer than the number of said electrodes; a source of data; a data conductor adapted to extend to said site adjacent said tissue from said source of data; and implantable controller means in communication with said source of data and responsive to said data for gating to said main cable at least one pair of nonadjacent electrodes within said group to establish an anode and cathode relationship between said pair of nonadjacent electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. Apparatus for interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient comprising:
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a group of implantable electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of electrodes being arranged on at least one implantable lead to form at least one array wherein each electrode is adjacent at least one other of said electrodes; a main cable adapted to extend to a site adjacent said tissue and having at least one power conductor, a data conductor and a multiplexor for coupling at least one of said power conductors and said data conductor, wherein the number of said power conductors is fewer than the number of said electrodes; a source of data; and implantable controller means in communication with said source of data and responsive to said data for gating to said main cable at least one pair of nonadjacent electrodes within said group to establish an anode and cathode relationship between said pair of nonadjacent electrodes.
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16. Apparatus for interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient, comprising:
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a group of implantable electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of implantable electrodes comprising a first plurality of stimulating electrodes for stimulating said tissue and a second plurality of recording electrodes for conducting potentials in said tissue, said first plurality of stimulating electrodes comprising a first array of stimulating electrodes and a second array of stimulating electrodes spaced from said first array; a main cable adapted to extend to a site adjacent said tissue, said main cable comprising a power conductor and a recording conductor; a source of data comprising a first source identifying at least one of said stimulating electrodes and at least one of said recording electrodes; a data conductor adapted to extend to said site adjacent said tissue from said source of data; and implantable controller means in communication with said source of data and responsive to said data for gating said selected at least one stimulating electrode to said power conductor and for gating said selected at least one recording electrode to said recording conductor, said controller means being connected to said first array of stimulating electrodes by a first cable and to said second array of stimulating electrodes by a second cable, whereby electrical signals can be transmitted between said first site and said at least one selected electrode with a minimum number of conductors.
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17. Apparatus for interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient, comprising:
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a group of implantable electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of implantable electrodes comprising a first plurality of stimulating electrodes for stimulating said tissue, a second plurality of recording electrodes for conducting potentials in said tissue, and a third plurality of stimulating electrodes spaced from said first plurality of stimulating electrodes; a main cable adapted to extend to a site adjacent said tissue, said main cable comprising a power conductor and a recording conductor; a source of data comprising a first source identifying at least one of said stimulating electrodes and at least one of said recording electrodes; a data conductor adapted to extend to said site adjacent said tissue from said source of data; implantable controller means in communication with said source of data and responsive to said data for gating said at least one of said electrodes to said main cable, said controller means comprising means for gating said selected at least one stimulating electrode to said power conductor and for gating said selected at least one recording electrode to said recording conductor; a second controller means displaced from said controller means for gating said third plurality of stimulating electrodes; and a second main cable connecting said controller means and said second controller means, whereby electrical signals can be transmitted between said first site and said at least one selected electrode with a minimum number of conductors.
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18. A method of interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient by means of a main cable comprising the steps of:
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implanting a group of electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue, said group of electrodes being arranged to form at least one array wherein at least one electrode is adjacent at least one other of said electrodes; extending a main cable having at least one power conductor from a site adjacent said tissue to a site remote from said site adjacent said tissue wherein the number of said power conductors is fewer than the number of said electrodes; selecting at least one of said electrodes within said group; and gating said selected electrode to said main cable to establish an anode and cathode relationship between at least one pair of nonadjacent electrodes, whereby electrical signals can be transmitted to or from said tissue with a minimum number of conductors. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A method of interacting with electrically excitable tissue of a patient by means of a main cable, comprising the steps of:
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implanting a group of electrodes adapted to interact with said tissue; extending a main cable having at least one power conductor from a site adjacent said tissue to a site remote from said site adjacent said tissue wherein the number of said power conductors is fewer than the number of said electrodes; selecting at least two of said electrodes within said group; and gating said selected electrodes to said main cable, whereby electrical signals can be transmitted to or from said tissue with a minimum number of power conductors. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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Specification