Composing layered synthetic graphics filters with limited scopes of operation

• US 6,043,824 A
• Filed: 06/27/1997
• Issued: 03/28/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Bier, Eric A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Zimmerman, Mark K.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, Albert K.
• Application Number:
  US08/883,794
• Time in Patent Office: 1,005 Days
• Field of Search: 345/441, 345/433, 345/434, 345/435
• US Class Current: 345/630
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/00 2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/503 Blending, e.g. for anti-aliasing

Abstract

A computerized two-dimensional illustration system composes an image of a scene with layered synthetic graphics filters or lenses. The scene is defined by an ordered list of shapes. Some of the shapes in the ordered list of shapes are lenses. Each lens is a shape that has a fill color which is an operator rather than a constant. The operator of a selected lens performs a filtering function on the shapes ordered below it in the list of shapes. To compose a selected lens in the scene, the system computes an under-list of shapes for the selected lens. The under-list of shapes identifies shapes in the ordered list of shapes to which the filtering function of the selected lens may apply. After computing the under-list for a selected lens, the system freezes the shapes in the under-list and applies the filtering function of the selected lens to the shapes in the under-list. When a lens is frozen, it is replaced with a list of shapes that are formed independently of other shapes in the list of shapes. The scope of operation of the selected lens can be reduced by grouping the selected lens with other shapes in the scene as either a lens-in cluster or a lens-out cluster. A lens-in cluster limits the scope of operation of the selected lens by operating on only those shapes in the cluster, while a lens-out cluster limits the scope of operation of the lens by operating on only those shapes outside the cluster. As a result of limiting the scope of operation, grouping lenses with other objects in a scene enables the creation of different visual effects. In addition, depending on whether a lens is grouped as a lens-in or a lens-out cluster, the computed under-list of the selected lens may have a reduced number of shapes, thereby reducing the computational complexity of composing an image of the scene.

Claims

1. A method for simplifying composition of an image of a scene with a computer illustration system, comprising the steps of:

defining the scene with shapes that are layered in a list in a memory;

specifying one of the shapes in the list to be a lens with a filtering function;

the filtering function of the lens having a scope of operation that includes those shapes in the list of shapes layered below the lens;

limiting the scope of operation of the lens to exclude at least one of the shapes layered below the lens from being modified by the filtering function of the lens by defining a cluster of shapes that includes the lens in the list of shapes and selected shapes in the list of shapes layered below the lens; and

composing the image of the scene with the limited scope of operation of the lens defined by the cluster of shapes;

wherein said composing step further comprises;

computing an under-list of shapes for the lens;

the under-list of shapes identifying shapes in the list of shapes to which the filtering function of the lens may apply;

freezing the lens by replacing any shape specified as a lens in the under-list with shapes that are formed independently of other shapes; and

applying the filtering function of the lens to each shape in the under-list of shapes.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of caching the composed image by storing in the memory each frozen shape and a description of inputs that formed each frozen shape.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said limiting step limits the scope of operation of the lens by excluding those shapes outside the cluster of shapes from being modified by the filtering function of the lens.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said limiting step limits the scope of operation of the lens by excluding those shapes inside the cluster of shapes from being modified by the filtering function of the lens.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein said limiting step further comprises the step of combining several non-overlapping lenses into a single lens with multiple regions.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said specifying step specifies the filtering function to apply to a bounded region of the lens.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said limiting step excludes those shapes in the list which are not affected by the filtering function of the lens.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said limiting step excludes those shapes from the list which are outside the bounded region of the lens.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein said limiting step applies an inverse transformation to the bounded region of the lens with a filtering function that translates objects located thereunder.

10. A computer illustration system for simplifying composition of an image of a scene, comprising:

a user interface for defining in a memory the scene with shapes that are layered in a list;

a user input device for specifying one of the shapes in the list to be a lens with a filtering function;

the filtering function of the lens having a scope of operation that includes those shapes in the list of shapes layered below the lens; and

a processor for limiting the scope of operation of the lens to exclude at least one of the shapes layered below the lens from being modified by the filtering function of the lens by defining a cluster of shapes that includes the lens in the list of shapes and selected shapes in the list of shapes layered below the lens;

said processor composing the image of the scene with the limited scope of operation of the lens defined by the cluster of shapes;

wherein said processor composes the image of the scene with the limited scope of operation for the lens defined by the cluster of shapes by;

computing an under-list of shapes for the lens;

the under-list of shapes identifying shapes in the list of shapes to which the filtering function of the lens may apply;

freezing the lens by replacing any shape specified as a lens in the under-list with shapes that are formed independently of other shapes; and

applying the filtering function of the lens to each shape in the under-list of shapes.

11. The computer illustration system according to claim 10, wherein said processor limits the scope of operation of the lens by excluding those shapes outside the cluster of shapes from being modified by the filtering function of the lens.

12. The computer illustration system according to claim 10, wherein said processor limits the scope of operation of the lens by excluding those shapes inside the cluster of shapes from being modified by the filtering function of the lens.

13. The computer illustration system according to claim 10, wherein said processor further comprises means for combining several non-overlapping lenses into a single lens with multiple regions.

14. The computer illustration system according to claim 10, wherein said processor excludes those shapes in the list that have no effect on the appearance of the lens.