Compositions for sustained release of a gas
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A compound having the formula ##STR26## wherein G has the formula ##STR27## wherein each R is individually selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, or --OC(O)R'"'"';
- R'"'"' is a C4 to C27 alkyl or C4 to C27 alkenyl;
x is an integer from 1 to 30;
y is an integer from 0 to 30; and
z is an integer from 0 to 30.
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Abstract
A composite for retarding microbiological contamination containing a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent, and a hydrophilic material containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials are adjacent and substantially free of water, and the hydrophilic material is capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent.
172 Citations
57 Claims
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1. A compound having the formula ##STR26## wherein G has the formula ##STR27## wherein each R is individually selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, or --OC(O)R'"'"';
- R'"'"' is a C4 to C27 alkyl or C4 to C27 alkenyl;
x is an integer from 1 to 30;
y is an integer from 0 to 30; and
z is an integer from 0 to 30. - View Dependent Claims (2)
- R'"'"' is a C4 to C27 alkyl or C4 to C27 alkenyl;
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3. A process for preparing a compound having the formula wherein G has the formula ##STR29## wherein each R is individually selected from hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, or --OC(O)R'"'"';
- R'"'"' is a C4 to C27 alkyl or C4 to C27 alkenyl;
x is an integer from 1 to 30;
y is an integer from 0 to 30; and
z is an integer from 0 to 30, the process comprising;providing a liquid containing a carboxylic acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol; admixing phosphorus pentoxide into the liquid to form an intermediate; admixing a silicate or silane into the intermediate to form a product; and cooling the product to provide the compound. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7)
- R'"'"' is a C4 to C27 alkyl or C4 to C27 alkenyl;
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8. A composite for retarding microbiological contamination comprising:
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a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent and a diluent; and a hydrophilic material containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials being adjacent and substantially free of water, the hydrophilic material being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 29, 30, 31, 32)
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11. A composite for retarding microbiological contamination comprising:
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a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent; and a hydrophilic material containing; an amine, an amide, an alcohol, or a compound containing amino, amido or hydroxyl moieties, and anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine; the hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials being adjacent and substantially free of water, and the hydrophilic material being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28)
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12. A dispersion for retarding microbiological contamination comprising:
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a hydrophobic continuous phase containing an acid releasing agent; and a hydrophilic dispersed phase containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic dispersed phase and the hydrophobic continuous phase being substantially free of water, the hydrophilic dispersed phase being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent.
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13. A dispersion for retarding microbiological contamination comprising:
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a hydrophobic dispersed phase containing an acid releasing agent; and a hydrophilic continuous phase containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic continuous phase and the hydrophobic dispersed phase being substantially free of water, the hydrophilic continuous phase being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent.
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14. A composite for retarding microbiological contamination comprising:
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a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, a trialkylsilyl phosphate ester, a dialkyl phosphate, sulfonic acid, a sulfonic acid chloride, a homopolymer of a mixed inorganic acid anhydride, a phosphosilicate, a phosphosilicic anhydride, a phosphosiloxane, a carboxylate of a poly α
-hydroxy alcohol, a copolymer of an organic acid anhydride with a monomer containing a double bond, a copolymer of a mixed inorganic acid anhydride with a monomer containing a double bond, and a mixed inorganic acid anhydride containing a phosphorus-oxygen-silicon bond; anda hydrophilic material containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials being adjacent and substantially free of water, the hydrophilic material being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent.
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15. A process for preparing a composite comprising:
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dissolving a salt containing anions in a hydrophilic material, the anions being capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine; and then mixing the hydrophilic material with a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials being adjacent and substantially free of water, the hydrophilic material being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent. - View Dependent Claims (33)
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- 16. A method of retarding, killing, preventing or controlling microbiological contamination on a surface of a material, within the material or in the atmosphere surrounding the material, comprising exposing a surface of a material to a composite that does not release a gas in the absence of ambient moisture, and exposing the surface to moisture to generate and release a biocidal gas from the composite into the atmosphere surrounding the surface, the composite containing a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent, and a hydrophilic material containing an amine, an amide, an alcohol, or a compound containing amino, amido or hydroxyl moieties, and anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide and dichlorine monoxide.
- 17. A method of retarding, killing, preventing or controlling microbiological contamination on a surface of a material, within the material or in the atmosphere surrounding the material, comprising placing the material adjacent to a composite that does not release a gas in the absence of ambient moisture, and exposing the composite to moisture to release a biocidal gas from the composite into the atmosphere surrounding the material, the composite containing a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent, and a hydrophilic material containing an amine, an amide, an alcohol, or a compound containing amino, amido or hydroxyl moieties, and anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide and dichlorine monoxide.
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18. A method of retarding, preventing or controlling chemotactic attraction of an organism to a material, comprising:
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exposing a surface of a material to a composite that does not release a gas in the absence of ambient moisture, and exposing the surface to moisture to generate and release an odor-masking gas from the composite into the atmosphere surrounding the surface, wherein the composite includes a hydrophobic layer containing an acid releasing agent, and a hydrophilic layer containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate the gas, and the gas is selected from the group consisting of chlorine dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine. - View Dependent Claims (39, 40, 41)
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19. A method of retarding, preventing or controlling chemotactic attraction of an organism to a material, comprising:
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placing the material adjacent to a composite that does not release a gas in the absence of ambient moisture, and exposing the composite to moisture to release an odor-masking gas from the composite into the atmosphere surrounding the material, wherein the composite includes a hydrophobic layer containing an acid releasing agent, and a hydrophobic layer containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate the gas, and the gas is selected from the group consisting of chlorine dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine. - View Dependent Claims (42, 43)
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20. A multilayered composite for providing sustained release of a gas comprising:
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a hydrophobic layer containing an acid releasing agent; and a hydrophilic layer containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic layers being adjacent and substantially free of water, the hydrophilic layer being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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21. A multilayered composite for providing sustained release of a gas comprising:
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a layer comprising a hydrophobic phase containing an acid releasing agent and a hydrophilic phase containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic phases being interdispersed and substantially free of water; and a moisture regulating layer in contact with a surface of the layer, such that moisture permeating the moisture regulating layer hydrolyzes the acid releasing agent to initiate release of the gas from the multilayered composite. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50)
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22. A multilayered composite for providing time pulsed release of a gas comprising:
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at least one hydrophobic layer containing an acid releasing agent, at least one hydrophilic layer containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine, and at least three barrier layers to control the diffusion of water into the hydrophobic layer or the diffusion of hydronium ions produced by hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent into the hydrophilic layer, the arrangement of the layers in the composite being defined by the formula C(ACB)n C wherein C is a barrier layer, A is a hydrophobic layer, B is a hydrophilic layer, and n is an integer ranging from 1 to 10. - View Dependent Claims (51)
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23. A biocidal and deodorizing powder for sustained release of a gas comprising:
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particles containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine; and a hydrophobic core having the particles on a surface thereof, the hydrophobic core containing an acid releasing agent, the particles and the hydrophobic core being substantially free of water, the particles being capable of generating and releasing the gas after hydrolysis of the acid releasing agent. - View Dependent Claims (52, 53, 54, 55)
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24. A process for preparing a powder providing sustained release of a gas, the process comprising:
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forming particles containing anions that are capable of reacting with hydronium ions to generate a gas selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide, dichlorine monoxide, and chlorine; and spraying a hydrophobic material containing an acid releasing agent onto a fluidized bed of the particles so as to form a powder having a core containing the hydrophobic material and a layer of the particles containing anions on a surface of the core. - View Dependent Claims (56)
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25. A method of sterilizing a medical device, instrument or supply comprising:
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applying a first composition to an outer surface of a first component, the first composition being inert in the absence of moisture; applying a second composition to an inner surface of a second component, the second composition being inert in the absence of moisture; contacting the first and second compositions on the surfaces of the first and second components to form a composite; and exposing the composite to moisture to initiate the release of a biocidal gas from the composite into the atmosphere surrounding the medical device, instrument or supply to sterilize the medical device, instrument or supply, the biocidal gas being selected from the group consisting of sulfur dioxide and dichlorine monoxide. - View Dependent Claims (57)
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Specification