DC-to-DC converter capable of preventing overvoltage

• US 6,046,896 A
• Filed: 08/09/1996
• Issued: 04/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Ozawa, Hidekiyo, Yano, Hidetoshi, Saeki, Mitsuo
• Primary Examiner(s): SHERRY, MICHAEL JUDE
• Application Number:
  US08/694,581
• Time in Patent Office: 1,334 Days
• Field of Search: 361/18, 361/79, 361/86, 361/91, 361/93, 361/100-101, 361/104, 361/54, 361/56, 361/57, 323/224, 323/284, 323/285, 323/299
• US Class Current: 361/86
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/1213 for DC-DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/16 for capacitors for synchronous capacitors H02H7/06
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

To avoid burning out a capacitor in a synchronous rectification type DC-to-DC converter due to overvoltages, the synchronous rectification type DC-to-DC converter includes a storage unit storing therein power derived from a power supply, switching elements connecting and disconnecting respective signal paths from power and ground, and a control unit controlling the connecting/disconnecting operations of the switching elements to maintain a voltage output from the storage unit at a predetermined value. The DC/DC converter also includes an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring a voltage derived from the power supply to thereby output an alarm signal when the voltage derived from the power supply exceeds a preselected voltage value, a shortcircuiting unit influencing the connecting conditions of the switching elements when the alarm signal from the overvoltage detecting unit is input therein, whereby the voltage derived from the power supply is shortcircuited, and an interrupting unit interrupting one of the signal paths by the power shortcircuited by the shortcircuiting unit.

Claims

1. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising:

a storage unit storing therein power derived from a power supply;

a first switch element, provided between said power supply and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting the storage unit to/from the power supply;

a second switch element, provided between the ground and a connecting point of said first switch and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting said connecting point to/from the ground;

a control unit controlling the connecting/disconnecting operations of said first switch element and said second switch element so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring an input voltage derived from said power supply and outputting a signal when said input voltage derived from said power supply exceeds a preselected voltage value;

a shortcircuiting unit bringing said first switch element and said second switch element to connecting conditions when the signal from the overvoltage detecting unit is inputted therein, whereby the voltage derived from said power supply is shortcircuited; and

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of said power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

2. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 1 wherein,

said overvoltage detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing said reference voltage with the input voltage derived from said power supply and outputting the signal when said input voltage derived from said power supply is higher than said reference voltage.

3. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 1 wherein:

said interrupting unit is a fuse to be melted down by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

4. A DC/DC converter, comprising:

a storage unit storing power from a power supply;

a first switch, provided between said power supply and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting the storage unit to/from the power supply;

a second switch, provided between the ground and said connecting point of said first switch and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting a connecting point to/from the ground;

a control unit controlling said first switch and said second switch so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

a detecting unit detecting whether an input voltage of said power supply exceeds a predetermined voltage value; and

a shortcircuiting unit connecting said first switch and said second switch in accordance with said detecting unit, whereby said power supply is shortcircuited.

5. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 4, further comprising:

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of said power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

6. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

said detecting unit comprises;

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing said reference voltage with the input voltage of said power supply and outputting a signal when said input voltage from said power supply is higher than said reference voltage.

7. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein said interrupting unit is a fuse.

8. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein:

said detecting unit comprises;

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing said reference voltage with the input voltage of said power supply and outputting a signal when said input voltage from said power supply is higher than said reference voltage.

9. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising:

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

10. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:

an inductor connected to said main switch; and

a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor.

11. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:

an interrupting unit interrupting power supply to the DC/DC converter, thereby stopping input of the supply power.

12. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claims 9, wherein the control unit includes an interrupting unit interrupting power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch turn ON.

13. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 9, wherein

said overvoltage detecting unit outputs a detecting signal when said overvoltage detecting unit detects the overvoltage of the input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter.

14. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 13, wherein

the control unit includes a memory circuit storing the detecting signal outputted from the overvoltage detecting unit, and said memory circuit outputs a control signal turning ON both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when the detecting signal is inputted.

15. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 12, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch from the time when the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the time when the power supply to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by the interrupting unit.

16. The synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter at a constant value.

17. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising:

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON when the overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

18. A control circuit for synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

19. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 18, wherein

the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when turned ON, shortcircuits an input from the power supply.

20. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 18, wherein

the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter has an interrupting unit interrupting the power supply,

the control unit shortcircuits an input from a power supply by said control signals, and

the interrupting unit interrupts a power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when the input from the power supply is shortcircuited.

21. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 20, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch from the time when the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the power supply to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by the interrupting unit.

22. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 18, wherein said overvoltage detecting unit outputs a detecting signal when said overvoltage detecting unit detects the overvoltage of the input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter.

23. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 22, wherein the control unit has a memory circuit which stores the detecting signal and said memory circuit outputs control signals to turn ON both the synchronous rectification switch and the main switch, when the detecting signal is inputted.

24. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 18, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter at a constant value.

25. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

26. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

27. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by the overvoltage detecting unit.

28. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when the stop signal is received by the receiving unit.

29. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 28, wherein said stop signal informs that an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter exceeds the predetermined threshold.

30. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 28, wherein the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when turned ON, shortcircuits an input from the power supply.

31. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 28, wherein the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter has an interrupting unit interrupting the power supply,

the control unit shortcircuits an input from a power supply by said control signals, and

the interrupting unit interrupts a power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when the input from the power supply is shortcircuited.

32. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 31, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to the synchronous rectification switch and the main switch from the time when the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the power input to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by the interrupting unit.

33. The control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 28, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter at a constant value.

34. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when the stop signal is received by the received unit.

35. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON, when the stop signal is received by the receiving unit.

36. A control unit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor for smoothing output of said inductor, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON, when the stop signal is received by the receiving unit.

37. A control circuit for controlling a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch comprising:

a voltage input terminal inputting therein an input voltage of a DC/DC conversion process;

an overvoltage detecting unit outputting a detecting signal when the input voltage inputted into the voltage input terminal exceeds a predetermined value; and

a control unit turning ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in response to the detecting signal.

38. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising:

a storage unit storing therein power derived from a power supply;

a first switch element provided between said power supply and said storage unit connecting/disconnecting said storage unit to/from the power supply;

a second switch element, provided between ground and a connecting point of said first switch element and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting said connecting point to/from the ground;

a control unit controlling the connecting/disconnecting operations of said first switch element and said second switch element so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring an input voltage derived from said power supply and outputting a signal when said input voltage derived from said power supply exceeds a preselected voltage value;

a shortcircuiting unit bringing said second switch element to connecting conditions when the signal from said overvoltage detecting unit is inputted therein, whereby the voltage derived from said power supply is shortcircuited; and

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of said power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuited unit.

39. A DC/DC converter comprising:

a storage unit storing power from a power supply;

a first switch provided between said power supply and said storage unit, connecting/disconnecting said storage unit to/from the power supply;

a second switch provided between ground and said connecting point of said first switch and said storage unit connecting/disconnecting a connecting point to/from the ground;

a control unit controlling said first switch and said second switch so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

a detecting unit detecting whether an input voltage of said power supply exceeds a predetermined voltage value; and

a shortcircuiting unit bringing said second switch to a connecting condition in accordance with said detecting unit, whereby said power supply is shortcircuited.

40. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising:

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON said synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

41. A synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter comprising;

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning said synchronous rectification switch ON when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

42. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting a control signal to turn ON the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

43. A control circuit for synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting a control signal to turn ON the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

44. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning the synchronous rectification switch ON when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

45. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an input voltage of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning the synchronous rectification switch ON when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

46. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold;

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the synchronous rectification switch when the stop signal is received by said receiving unit.

47. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, thereby to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising;

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the synchronous rectification switch when the stop signal is received by said receiving unit.

48. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit switching the synchronous rectification switch when the stop signal is received by said receiving unit.

49. A control circuit for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor smoothing output of said inductor, to effect a synchronous rectification type DC/DC conversion, comprising;

a receiving unit receiving a stop signal to stop a DC/DC conversion process when an input voltage exceeds a predetermined threshold; and

a control unit turning the synchronous rectification switch ON when the stop signal is received by said receiving unit.

50. A control circuit for controlling a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising;

a voltage input terminal inputting therein an input voltage of a DC/DC conversion process;

an overvoltage detecting unit outputting a detecting signal when the input voltage inputted into the voltage input terminal exceeds a predetermined value; and

a control unit turning ON the synchronous rectification switch when the stop signal is received by said receiving unit.

51. A control method for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having an input, a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

outputting a detecting signal when a voltage across the input exceeds a predetermined value; and

turning on the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in response to the detecting signal.

52. A control method for a synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter having an input and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

detecting an overvoltage across the input of the synchronous rectification type DC/DC converter; and

turning on the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected.