Display management method, system and article of manufacture for managing icons, tags and leader lines

• US 6,047,233 A
• Filed: 04/25/1997
• Issued: 04/04/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 04/25/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Corporation
• Original Assignee: Northrop Grumman Corporation
• Inventors: Salvatore, G. Peter Jr., Tsang, Shiu Ming
• Primary Examiner(s): Zanelli, Michael J.
• Application Number:
  US08/846,084
• Time in Patent Office: 1,075 Days
• Field of Search: 701/120, 342/36, 340/990, 345/348
• US Class Current: 701/120
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/91 for traffic control G01S13/93 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/913 for landing purposes
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/916 Airport surface monitoring [ASDE]
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/062 in which different colours are used
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/22 Producing cursor lines and indicia by electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0026 located on the ground
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 5/0082 for monitoring traffic from a ground station radar or analogous systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S13/91

Abstract

A display managing system, method and article of manufacture displays icons, tags and leader lines based on tracking information that includes position information of a plurality of objects; determines if a tag or leader line conflicts with repositioned icons; and relocates the conflicting tag or leader line to prevent a tag or leader line from overlapping and thereby obscuring the icon. Furthermore, the tags and leader lines associated with the repositioned icons are, themselves, repositioned. If these repositioned tags and leader lines conflict with an existing icon, tag or leader line, then the conflicting tag and/or leader line are moved to unoccupied display grid coordinates or a tag location is time-shared between two conflicting tags. Leader line stretching may also be used to prevent tags from jumping around as the icon is moved. An organized data base, which may be in the form of x-y trees, is employed to encode the positions of the display elements to permit efficient searches to locate tags, leader lines and icons and to resolve conflicts therebetween. The invention may also be applied to manage the display of a fleet dispatcher or in a fleet dispatch system.

Claims

1. An air traffic control display management system, comprising:

a radar device emitting radar and receiving radar returns identifying positions of objects including positions of aircraft;

a receiver receiving transponder signals from the aircraft, the transponder signal including aircraft identification information;

an icon display driver displaying icons each of which represents a corresponding object at the display grid coordinate determined by a display grid coordinate calculator;

a tag display driver displaying a tag near each of the icons wherein the tag includes the object information associated with the corresponding icon;

a leader line displaying device displaying a leader line substantially connecting each of the corresponding tags and icons;

said radar device updating the position information;

an icon repositioner repositioning the icon on the display at an updated display grid coordinate corresponding to the updated position information;

a conflict determiner determining if a tag conflicts with the repositioned icon;

a conflicting tag relocator relocating a conflicting tag,

wherein the conflicting tag is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the repositioned icon.

2. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 1,

said conflict determiner further determining if a leader line conflicts with the repositioned icon;

said relocator relocating the conflicting leader line, wherein the conflicting leader line is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the repositioned icon, the system further comprising;

a tag and leader line repositioner repositioning the tag and leader line associated with the repositioned icon.

3. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 2, further comprising:

a conflict determiner determining if the repositioned tag or leader line conflicts with an icon, tag or leader line; and

a conflicting tag or leader line mover-moving at least one of the conflicting tag or leader line to unoccupied display grid coordinates.

4. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 3, further comprising:

a prioritizer prioritizing the conflicting tags, leader lines anci icons,

said conflicting tag or leader line mover moving at lease one of the conflicting tag or leader line to display grid coordinates according to the priority determined by said prioritizer.

5. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 2, further comprising:

a tag time-sharing device time-sharing a tag location between two conflicting tags if there are no unoccupied display grid coordinates for independently displaying both of the conflicting tags within respective, predetermined radii centering on the associated icons.

6. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 2, further comprising:

a tag position maintainer maintaining a tag position on the display grid coordinates when the associated icon has been repositioned;

a leader line stretcher stretching the leader line associated with the repositioned icon until the leader line is a predetermined length;

a tag and leader line mover moving the tag closer to the associated, repositioned icon and a leader line redrawer redrawing the leader line associated with the repositioned icon when said leader line stretcher determines that the leader line has reached the predetermined length.

7. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 2, further comprising:

an encoder encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

8. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 7, said tag and leader line repositioner searching the X and Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the repositioned icon.

9. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 1, further comprising:

an encoder encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

10. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 9, said conflicting tag or leader line relocator searching the X an d Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the conflicting tag or leader line.

11. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 1, further comprising:

an overlay display driver overlaying airport surface features on the display including a runway and a taxiway;

said tag display driver prohibiting a tag to be displayed on the runway unless the associated icon is located on the runway.

12. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 1,

said receiver receiving transponder signals from the aircraft, the transponder signal including aircraft altitude information;

a memory storing the aircraft altitude information from said receiver;

said tag display driver displaying the tag near each of the icons wherein the tag includes the aircraft altitude information associated with the corresponding icon.

13. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 1, wherein the tags include a foreground, a background, and a border, the system further comprising:

a color assigner assigning colors to the tag foreground, tag background, and tag border,

wherein a combination of foreground, background and border colors uniquely corresponds to a track state.

14. The air traffic control display management system according to claim 13,

wherein the track states include departing, departure-aborting, landing, taxiing, arriving, stopping, climbing, descending, cruising, coasting, cautioning and warning track states,

wherein the unique combination of colors for each track state is substantially as follows:

space="preserve" listing-type="tabular">______________________________________ Track State Foreground Background Border Line Icon ______________________________________ Depart black cyan blue blue white Depart Abort white red green green white Landing green blue green green white Taxi black green green green white Arrival black cyan green green white Stop green black black green white Climbing cyan blue cyan cyan white Diving green blue Green green white Cruising cyan black black cyan white Coasting white magenta light blue light blue white Caution black yellow yellow yellow white Warning white red red red white ______________________________________

30. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 1 being utilized in a fleet dispatch system for dispatching a fleet of units to various destinations, wherein the plurality of objects is the fleet of units, the fleet dispatch system comprising:

a communication device located in each of the units;

a position determining device located in each of the units;

a base communication device located at a base station, said base communication device communicating data, including unit position data and dispatch data, with the fleet of units via said communication device;

a display located at the base station displaying the icons, tags and leader lines for each of the units;

a computer programmed with the computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on the display according to claim 1,

wherein the icons represent the units, the tracking information includes identification information identifying each unit and the tags display the identification information.

31. The computer implemented method according to claim 30, wherein the fleet is a fleet of vehicles, wherein the icons represent the vehicles, the tracking information includes identification information identifying each vehicle and the tags display the identification information.

32. The computer implemented method according to claim 30, wherein the fleet is a fleet of military units, the icons represent the military units, the tracking information includes identification information identifying each military unit and the tags include the identification information.

15. A computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display, comprising the steps of:

inputting tracking information including position information and associated object information of a plurality of objects,

displaying icons each of which represents a corresponding object at display grid coordinates corresponding to the position information;

displaying a tag near each of the icons wherein the tag includes the object information associated with the corresponding icon;

displaying a leader line substantially connecting each of the corresponding tags and icons;

updating the position information;

repositioning the icon on the display at an updated display grid coordinate corresponding to the updated position information;

determining if a tag conflicts with the repositioned icon; and

relocating the conflicting tag,

wherein the conflicting tag is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the repositioned icon.

16. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15,

said determining step further determining if a leader line conflicts with the repositioned icon;

said relocating step relocating the conflicting leader line, wherein the conflicting leader line is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the repositioned icon, the method further comprising the step of;

repositioning the tag and leader line associated with the repositioned icon.

17. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 16, further comprising the step of:

determining if the repositioned tag or leader line conflicts with an icon, tag or leader line; and

moving at least one of the conflicting tag or leader line to unoccupied display grid coordinates.

18. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 17, further comprising the step of:

prioritizing the conflicting tag, leader line and icon,

said at least one of the moving the conflicting tag or leader line step moving the conflicting tag or leader line to display grid coordinates according to the priority determined in said prioritizing step.

19. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 16, further comprising the step of:

time-sharing a tag location between two conflicting tags if there are no unoccupied display grid coordinates for independently displaying both of the conflicting tags within respective, predetermined radii centering on the associated icons.

20. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

maintaining a tag position on the display grid coordinates when the associated icon has been repositioned;

stretching the leader line associated with the repositioned icon until the leader line is a predetermined length;

moving the tag closer to the associated, repositioned icon and redrawing the leader line associated with the repositioned icon when said leader line stretching step determines that the leader line has reached the predetermined length.

21. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 16, further comprising the steps of:

encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

22. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 21, said repositioning the tag and leader line step including the substep of searching the X and Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the repositioned icon.

23. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15, wherein the object information includes identification information identifying the object and the tag displays the identification information.

24. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15, further comprising the steps of:

encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

25. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 24, said relocating a conflicting tag or leader line step including the substep of searching the X and Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the conflicting tag or leader line.

26. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15, wherein the tags include a foreground, a background, and a border, the method further comprising the step of:

assigning colors to the tag foreground, tag background, and tag border,

wherein a combination of foreground, background and border colors conveys information regarding the associated object.

27. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15, wherein the objects are virtual objects created by the computer and the icons represent the virtual objects on the display.

28. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 15, wherein the objects are aircraft, the icons represent the aircraft on the display, the tracking information includes identification information that identifies each aircraft, and the tag displays the identification information.

29. The computer implemented method of managing icons, tags and leader lines on a display according to claim 28, further comprising the step of:

overlaying airport surface features on the display including a runway and a taxiway;

said tag displaying step prohibiting a tag to be displayed on the runway unless the associated icon is a located on the runway.

33. An article of manufacture, comprising:

a computer-usable medium including computer-readable program code means, embodied therein, for causing a computer to manage icons, tags and leader lines on a display, the computer-readable program code means comprising;

computer-readable program code means for inputting tracking information including position information and associated object information of a plurality of objects;

computer-readable program code means for storing the tracking information;

computer-readable program code means for displaying icons each of which represents a corresponding object at display grid coordinates corresponding to the position information;

computer-readable program code means for displaying a tag near each of the icons wherein the tag includes the object information associated with the corresponding icon;

computer-readable program code means for displaying a leader line substantially connecting each of the corresponding tags and icons;

computer-readable program code means for updating the position information;

computer-readable program code means for repositioning the icon on the display at an updated display grid coordinate corresponding to the updated position information;

computer-readable program code means for determining if a tag conflicts with the repositioned icon; and

computer-readable program code means for relocating the conflicting tag,

wherein the conflicting tag is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the repositioned icon.

34. The article of manufacture according to claim 33,

said computer program code means for determining further determining if a leader line conflicts with the repositioned icon;

said computer program code means for relocating relocating the conflicting leader line, wherein the conflicting leader line is located at a display grid coordinate which conflicts with the positioned icon, further comprising;

computer-readable program code means for repositioning the tag and leader line associated with the repositioned icon.

35. The article of manufacture according to claim 34, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for determining if the repositioned tag or leader line conflicts with an icon, tag or leader line; and

computer-readable program code means for moving at least one of the conflicting tag or leader line to unoccupied display grid coordinates.

36. The article of manufacture according to claim 35, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for prioritizing the conflicting tag, leader line and icon,

said computer-readable program code means for moving at least one of the conflicting tag or leader line moving at least one of the conflicting tag or leader line to display grid coordinates according to the priority determined in said prioritizing step.

37. The article of manufacture according to claim 34, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for time-sharing a tag location between two conflicting tags if there are no unoccupied display grid coordinates for independently displaying both of the conflicting tags within respective, predetermined radii centering on the associated icons.

38. The article of manufacture according to claim 34, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for maintaining a tag position on the display grid coordinates when the associated icon has been repositioned;

computer-readable program code means for stretching the leader line associated with the repositioned icon until the leader line is a predetermined length;

computer-readable program code means for moving the tag closer to the associated, repositioned icon and redrawing the leader line associated with the repositioned icon when said computer-readable program code means for leader line stretching determines that the leader line has reached the predetermined length.

39. The article of manufacture according to claim 34, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

40. The article of manufacture according to claim 39, said computer-readable program code means for repositioning the tag and leader line including computer-readable subprogram code means for searching the X and Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the repositioned icon.

41. The article of manufacture according to claim 33, wherein the object information includes identification information identifying the object and the tag displays the identification information.

42. The article of manufacture according to claim 33, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for encoding the tracking information into a plurality of X- and Y-trees.

43. The article of manufacture according to claim 42, said computer-readable program code means for relocating a conflicting tag or leader lead step including computer-readable subprogram code means for searching the X and Y-trees to find unoccupied display grid coordinates using a spiral search pattern centering on the icon associated with the conflicting tag or leader line.

44. The article of manufacture according to claim 33, wherein the tags include a foreground, a background, and a border, the article of manufacture further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for assigning colors to the tag foreground, tag background, and tag border,

wherein a combination of foreground, background and border colors conveys information regarding the associated object.

45. The article of manufacture according to claim 33, wherein the objects are virtual objects created by the computer and the icons represent the virtual objects on the display.

46. The article of manufacture according to claim 33, wherein the objects are aircraft, the icons represent the aircraft on the display, the tracking information includes identification information that identifies each aircraft, and the tag displays the identification information.

47. The article of manufacture according to claim 46, further comprising:

computer-readable program code means for overlaying airport surface features on the display including a runway and a taxiway;

said computer-readable program code means for tag displaying prohibiting a tag to be displayed on the runway unless the associated icon is located on the runway.