Electric vehicle and frame therefor

• US 6,047,786 A
• Filed: 12/11/1997
• Issued: 04/11/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Vectrix Corporation (Vectrix Holdings Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Vectrix Corporation (Vectrix Holdings Ltd.)
• Inventors: Moore, Richard D., Baldwin, James D., Stevenson, Douglas B., Petrie, Aidan J., Hughes, Peter S., Piedl, Martin C., Flanary, Ronald G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Mark T.
• Assistant Examiner(s): YEAGLEY, DANIEL S
• Application Number:
  US08/988,968
• Time in Patent Office: 852 Days
• Field of Search: 180/220, 180/216, 180/312, 180/311, 180/65.8, 180/65.1, 180/68.5
• US Class Current: 180/65.1
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/00 Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00; electric transmission arrangements B60K17/12; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles per se B60L; current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L5/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/04 of the electric storage means for propulsion exchanging batteries for electric propulsion of vehicles B60L53/80; for auxiliary purposes only B60R16/04; supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles B60S5/06
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/12 Bikes
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/66 Arrangements of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/12 Motorcycles, Trikes; Quads; Scooters
• CPC Class Codes: B62K 11/10 characterised by the engine being over or beside driven rear wheel
• CPC Class Codes: B62K 2202/00 Motorised scooters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electric vehicle frame having a lower portion and an upper portion. The lower portion includes a base and integral sidewalls. The sidewalls extend from the base to form an open cavity. The upper portion detachably joins to the lower portion such that the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein. The strength of the assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined. The lower and upper portions are formed of cast aluminum. The present invention further includes a method of assembling an electric vehicle, which includes using the frame and a plurality of subassemblies, and the electric vehicle formed therefrom, particularly in the form of a motor scooter.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle frame comprising:

a lower portion comprising a base with integral upward extending walls forming an open cavity, said walls including a rear wall, a front wall and two spaced sidewalls, wherein said sidewalls and said front wall contact a steering tube forming a step through portion with the respect to the rear wall, said steering tube having a bore therethrough for receiving a steering subassembly; and

an upper portion detachably joined to the lower portion such that the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein;

in combination with a power unit subassembly that includes a plurality of batteries;

wherein the strength of the frame assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined, and the chamber encloses the power unit subassembly.

2. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, wherein the lower portion further includes a front vertical endwall, a rear vertical endwall, and two spaced sidewalls extending from the base and contacting the steering tube, and a lower portion flange extending outwardly along the periphery of the lower portion sidewalls, the lower portion flange having a first horizontal portion and at least one first portion angling upwardly from the first horizontal portion;

and wherein the upper portion further includes a top wall, two spaced sidewalls, and an upper portion flange, the upper portion sidewalls extending from the top wall, the upper portion flange extending outwardly along the periphery of the upper portion sidewalls, the upper portion flange having a second horizontal portion and at least one second portion angling upwardly from the second horizontal portion, with the upper and lower portion flanges configured and dimensioned to fit together and matingly engage to form the enclosed chamber.

3. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, in combination with a motor controller subassembly which is coupled to the base.

4. The electric vehicle frame of claim 3, in combination with a drive subassembly that includes a motor, wherein the power unit subassembly is electrically connected to the motor controller subassembly and the drive subassembly.

5. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, wherein the upper portion includes one or more vents which allow gases generated within the enclosed chamber to exit therefrom.

6. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, which further comprises running boards detachably coupled to the upper portion.

7. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, which further comprises a plurality of body panels detachably coupled to the lower portion and the upper portion of the frame assembly.

8. The electric vehicle frame of claim 7, wherein the upper portion is configured and dimensioned to provide a step-through portion for an electric motor scooter wherein the step-through portion of the frame is not obscured by the body panels.

9. The electric vehicle frame of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower portions are made of cast aluminum.

10. A method of assembling an electric vehicle, which comprises:

providing an electric vehicle frame comprising;

a lower portion comprising a base with integral upward extending walls forming an open cavity, said walls including a rear wall, a front wall and two spaced sidewalls, and

an upper portion detachably joined to the lower portion such that the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein, wherein the strength of the frame assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined;

providing a plurality of subassemblies including a steering subassembly comprising a steering tube having a bore, a drive subassembly including a motor, a motor controller subassembly for controlling the motor, and a power unit subassembly;

wherein said sidewalls and said front wall contact the steering tube forming a step through portion with the respect to the rear wall; and

coupling the subassemblies to the frame to form the electric vehicle such that the subassemblies are lockably attached to the vehicle frame assembly to prevent removal.

11. A method of assembling an electric vehicle, which comprises:

providing a plurality of subassemblies including a steering subassembly, a drive subassembly including a motor, a motor controller subassembly for controlling the motor, and a power unit subassembly that includes a plurality of batteries;

providing an electric vehicle frame comprising;

a lower portion comprising a base with integral upward extending walls forming an open cavity, said walls including a rear wall, a front wall and two spaced sidewalls, wherein said sidewalls and said front wall contact a steering tube forming a step through portion with the respect to the rear wall, said steering tube having a bore therethrough for receiving the steering subassembly; and

an upper portion configured to be detachably joined to the lower portion such that, when joined, the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein, wherein the strength of the frame assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined;

joining the upper and lower portions around the power unit subassembly to enclose the plurality of batteries therein; and

coupling the remaining subassemblies to the frame assembly to form the electric vehicle.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the subassemblies further include a vehicle controller subassembly, and the method further comprises the steps of disposing the vehicle controller subassembly within the cavity in the lower portion of the frame before joining the upper portion thereto, and electrically connecting the vehicle controller subassembly to the motor, the motor controller, and the power unit subassemblies.

13. The method of claim 11, which further comprises detachably coupling running boards to the upper portion of the frame, and detachably coupling a plurality of body panels to the frame wherein the upper portion is configured and dimensioned to provide a step-through portion for an electric motor scooter and the step-through portion of the frame is not obscured by the body panels.

14. The method of claim 11, which further comprises pivotably coupling the drive assembly to opposite sides of the lower portion of the frame so that the drive assembly can move vertically upwards and downwards as the vehicle moves forward or backward.

15. The method of claim 14, which further comprises connecting at least one shock absorber between the lower portion of the frame and the drive subassembly.

16. An electric vehicle comprising:

a plurality of subassemblies including a steering subassembly, a drive subassembly including a motor, a motor controller subassembly for controlling the motor, and a power unit subassembly that includes a plurality of batteries;

an electric vehicle frame having a lower portion comprising a base with integral upward extending walls forming an open cavity, said walls including a rear wall, a front wall and two spaced sidewalls, with the lower portion including a steering tube having a bore therethrough for receiving the steering subassembly; and

an upper portion detachably joined to the lower portion such that the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein, wherein the strength of the frame assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined, and the chamber encloses the power unit subassembly wherein said sidewalls and said front wall contact the steering tube forming a step through portion with the respect to the rear wall; and

the remaining subassemblies are detachably coupled to the frame to form the vehicle.

17. The vehicle of claim 16, wherein the lower portion of the frame further comprises a steering tube having a bore therethrough for receiving the steering subassembly, and the steering subassembly includes a fork, a front wheel rotatably associated with the fork, handlebars, and a support member connecting the handlebars and fork, wherein and the support member extends through the bore such that the steering assembly is rotatably supported by the steering tube.

18. The vehicle of claim 17, wherein the drive subassembly includes a motor and a rotatable rear wheel driven by the motor, and the sidewalls of the lower portion of the frame pivotally support the drive assembly such that the rear wheel is aligned with the front wheel.

19. The vehicle of claim 18 in the form of an electric motor scooter, which further comprises running boards detachably coupled to the upper portion of the frame, and a plurality of body panels detachably coupled to the lower portion and the upper portion of frame, wherein the upper portion is configured and dimensioned to provide a step-through portion and the step-through portion of the frame is not obscured by the body panels.

20. The vehicle of claim 18, wherein the vehicle further includes two drive subassemblies pivotally supported by the lower portion of the frame.

21. An electric vehicle comprising:

an electric vehicle frame having a lower portion comprising a base with integral upward extending walls forming an open cavity, said walls including a rear wall, a front wall and two spaced sidewalls; and

an upper portion detachably joined to the lower portion such that the upper portion covers the cavity and forms a frame assembly which defines an enclosed chamber therein, wherein the strength of the frame assembly is substantially greater than the strength of each of the portions prior to being joined;

a plurality of subassemblies including a steering subassembly comprising a steering tube having a bore, a drive subassembly including a motor, a motor controller subassembly for controlling the motor, and a power unit subassembly, each being detachably coupled to the frame to form the vehicle;

wherein said sidewalls and said front wall contact the steering tube forming a step through portion with the respect to the rear wall; and

a locking mechanism comprising a solenoid and a slidable plunger actuated by the solenoid, wherein at least one of the subassemblies are lockable to the frame by engagement of the plunger with the frame.

22. The vehicle of claim 21, wherein the vehicle further includes a plurality of locking mechanisms for securing all of the subassemblies to the frame, wherein each locking mechanism further includes a receiver for actuating each solenoid and a transmitter for sending signals to each receiver;

wherein upon sending a signal all of the subassemblies are locked to the frame and unlocked therefrom simultaneously.