Multi-functional and NO.sub.x sensor for combustion systems

• US 6,051,123 A
• Filed: 02/28/1997
• Issued: 04/18/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 06/15/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Gas Technology Institute (GTI Energy)
• Original Assignee: Gas Research Institute (GTI Energy)
• Inventors: Joshi, Ashok, Virkar, Anil, Li, Liang Jun, Liu, Meilin
• Primary Examiner(s): Tung, T.
• Application Number:
  US08/808,240
• Time in Patent Office: 1,145 Days
• Field of Search: 204/412, 204/415, 204/421-429, 205/781
• US Class Current: 204/424
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 27/4075 Composition or fabrication of the electrodes and coatings thereon, e.g. catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/0037 NOx
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

A gas sensor is provided, having an electrolyte membrane, a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, a diffusion barrier for controlling access of gases to the sensing electrode, and in situ means for removing molecular oxygen from the gases to which the sensing electrode is being exposed.

Claims

1. A sensor device for sensing gaseous oxides of nitrogen in an exhaust stream from a combustion system comprising:

a solid electrolyte membrane fabricated from an oxygen ion conducting material, the electrolyte member having two sides, with a first side of the two sides being positionable toward the exhaust stream, and a second of the two sides being positionable away from and in an isolated manner relative to the exhaust stream;

a sensing electrode operably associated with the first side of the electrolyte membrane, and in fluid communication with the exhaust stream;

catalyst material, operably disposed on the sensing electrode, and capable of catalyzing a reduction on nitrogen oxide;

a counter electrode operably associated with the second side of the electrolyte membrane;

a diffusion barrier, overlying the sensing electrode, the diffusion barrier being substantially impervious to the transport of gaseous nitrogen oxide therethrough, so as to substantially preclude uncontrolled contact between the exhaust stream and the sensing electrode;

a diffusion aperture, having desired dimensions, extending through the diffusion barrier, from the exhaust stream to the sensing electrode, for permitting controlled access and contact of gaseous components from the exhaust stream to the sensing electrode;

means for applying a potential difference between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode for enabling application of a desired electrical potential difference across the sensing electrode and the counter electrode;

means for measuring the current between the sensing electrode and the counter electrode; and

means for substantially removing oxygen from the exhaust stream, operably disposed in a gas transporting relationship between the exhaust stream and the diffusion barrier, wherein the oxygen removing means includes;

a tubular member, operably disposed such that gasses in the exhaust stream are constrained to travel throughout the tubular member in order to arrive at the sensing electrode; and

a material, disposed within the tubular member, which is capable of gettering oxygen, in quantity sufficient to remove molecular oxygen from the exhaust gas which will come into contact with the sensing electrode of the sensor.

2. The sensor device according to claim 1, wherein the gettering material comprises copper turnings.