Adaptive multiple sub-band common-mode RFI suppression

• US 6,052,420 A
• Filed: 05/14/1998
• Issued: 04/18/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 05/15/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: RPX Clearinghouse LLC (RPX Corporation), University of Ottawa
• Original Assignee: Northern Telecom Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation), University of Ottawa
• Inventors: Lefebvre, Pierre Donald, Yeap, Tet Hin
• Primary Examiner(s): Bocure, Tesfaldet
• Application Number:
  US09/078,509
• Time in Patent Office: 705 Days
• Field of Search: 375/285, 375/346, 375/222, 375/219, 375/257, 375/288, 375/258, 379/406, 333/18, 333/28 R
• US Class Current: 375/346
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/126 having multiple inputs, e.g. auxiliary antenna for receiving interfering signal aerials in general H01Q
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 15/00 Suppression or limitation of noise or interference by means associated with receiver H04B1/10
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0274 Arrangements for ensuring balanced coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/10 Compensating for variations in line balance
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2647 Arrangements specific to the receiver only equalisation H04L27/01

Abstract

A noise suppression circuit for a two-wire communications channel comprises a hybrid device, for example a hybrid transformer or circuit, for providing a differential mode signal corresponding to a differential signal received from the two-wire channel. A summing device extracts from the two-wires of the channel a common mode signal and supplies it to a noise estimation unit which derives from the common mode signal an estimate of a noise level in at least one frequency band having a bandwidth considerably narrower than an operating bandwidth for the channel. The noise estimation unit adjusts the amplitude of the noise estimate to correspond to the residual noise in the differential mode signal and subtracts it from the differential mode signal to produce a noise-suppressed output signal. A noise detection and control unit scans the operating band, identifies a frequency band having an instant highest noise level, and sets the noise estimation unit to the detected noisy band. The noise estimation unit suppresses the noise in that band. In preferred embodiments, the noise estimation unit comprises several channels, each comprising a tunable filter, a phase shifter and an amplifier, and the noise detection and control unit sets the channels, in succession, to different frequency bands in descending order of noise level. The noise detection and control unit may cross-correlate the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal and adjust the amplification of the noise estimation signal to reduce residual differential mode noise substantially to zero.

Claims

1. Apparatus for suppressing noise in signals received from a two-conductor communications channel comprising:

(i) a hybrid device connected to the channel for providing a differential mode signal corresponding to a differential signal received from the channel,

(ii) a device for extracting from the channel a corresponding common mode signal,

(iii) a noise estimation unit responsive to the common mode signal and a frequency control signal for deriving from the common mode signal a noise estimate signal representing a common mode noise level in a selected frequency band having a bandwidth considerably narrower than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal,

(iv) means for providing a noise-suppressed output signal as the difference between the differential mode signal and the noise estimate signal; and

(v) noise detection and control means responsive to said common mode signal for detecting within the operating bandwidth a narrow frequency band wherein instant noise level is higher than in other parts of the operating bandwidth, such narrow frequency band having a bandwidth significantly less than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal, and generating said frequency control signal for adjusting said noise estimation means so that said selected frequency band corresponds to that of the instant highest noise signal.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the noise estimation unit comprises means responsive to a second control signal for adjusting the noise estimation signal so as to correspond to the differential mode noise in the differential mode signal, and the noise detection and control means further comprises means responsive to the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal for generating said second control signal in dependence upon a comparison between the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal when the noise estimation means is set to the selected frequency band.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the means for generating the second control signal performs cross-correlation between the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal to determine whether or not residual differential noise is present in the noise-corrected output signal and adjusts the second control signal so as to reduce any said residual noise.

4. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the means responsive to the second control signal comprises variable-gain amplifier means for adjusting amplitude of the noise estimation signal, and the noise estimation unit further comprises phase-shifting means for adjusting the phase of the noise estimation signal in response to a third control signal, the noise detection and control unit further comprising means for providing said third control signal in dependence upon said comparison.

5. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the means responsive to the second control signal comprises variable-gain amplifier means for adjusting amplitude of the noise estimation signal, and the noise estimation unit further comprises phase-shifting means for adjusting the phase of the noise estimation signal in response to a third control signal, the noise detection and control unit further comprising means for providing said third control signal in dependence upon said comparison.

6. Noise suppression apparatus for a two-conductor communications channel comprising:

(i) a hybrid device connected to the channel for providing a differential mode signal corresponding to a differential signal received from the channel,

(ii) a device for extracting from the channel a corresponding common mode signal,

(iii) a noise estimation unit comprising a plurality of noise estimation means for deriving a corresponding plurality of noise estimate component signals for a plurality of selected frequency bands, respectively, each noise estimation means being responsive to the common mode signal and a corresponding one of the plurality of frequency control signals for deriving from the common mode signal a noise estimate signal component representing a common mode noise level in a selected frequency band having a bandwidth considerably narrower than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal,

(iv) means for summing the noise estimate signal components to provide a noise estimate signal;

(v) means for providing a noise-suppressed output signal as the difference between the differential mode signal and the noise estimate signal; and

(vi) noise detection and control means responsive to said common mode signal for scanning the operating bandwidth a plurality of times to detect, for each scan, that narrow frequency band wherein instant noise level is higher than in other parts of the operating bandwidth, each such narrow frequency band having a bandwidth significantly less than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal, and generating for each scan one of said frequency control signals for adjusting the corresponding one of said noise estimation means so that the corresponding said selected frequency band corresponds to that of the instant highest noise signal, the arrangement being such that the noise estimation means are set to their respective frequency bands in succession.

7. Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of noise estimation means comprise a plurality of tunable narrowband bandpass filters and the noise estimation unit further comprises a plurality of noise estimation component adjusting means, each connected to a respective one of the plurality of tunable narrowband bandpass filter units and adjustable in response to a respective one of a plurality of second control signals to adjust the corresponding noise estimation signal component, the noise detection and control means further comprising means for generating said plurality of second control signals each in dependence upon a comparison between the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal when the corresponding noise estimation component means is set to the corresponding selected frequency band.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the means for generating the plurality of second control signals performs cross-correlation between the common mode signal and the noise-corrected output signal for each selected frequency band to determine whether or not residual differential noise is present in the noise-corrected output signal and adjusts the corresponding one of the plurality of second control signals so as to reduce any said residual noise.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the means responsive to the second control signals comprises a variable-gain amplifier means for adjusting amplitude of the noise estimation signal component, and the noise estimation unit further comprises a plurality of phase-shifting means connected to respective ones of the tunable filters, each phase-shifting means for adjusting the phase of the corresponding noise estimation signal component in response to a respective one of a plurality of third control signals, the noise detection and control unit further comprising means for providing said plurality of third control signals each in dependence upon said comparison.

10. A method of suppressing noise in a signal received from a two-conductor communications channel comprising the steps of:

(i) using a hybrid device connected to the channel to provide a differential mode signal corresponding to a differential signal received from the channel,

(ii) extracting from the channel a corresponding common mode signal,

(iii) responsive to the common mode signal and a frequency control signal, deriving from the common mode signal a noise estimate signal representing a common mode noise level in a selected frequency band having a bandwidth considerably narrower than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal,

(iv) providing a noise-suppressed output signal as the difference between the differential mode signal and the noise estimate signal; and

(v) responsive to said common mode signal, detecting within the operating bandwidth a narrow frequency band wherein instant noise level is higher than in other parts of the operating bandwidth, such narrow frequency band having a bandwidth significantly less than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal, and generating said frequency control signal for adjusting said selected frequency band to correspond to that of the instant highest noise signal.

11. A method according to claim 10, wherein the noise estimation signal is adjusted in dependence upon a second control signal so as to correspond to differential mode noise in the differential mode signal, and the second control signal is generated in dependence upon a comparison between the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal.

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the second control signal is generated by performing cross-correlation between the common mode signal and the noise-corrected output signal to determine whether or not residual differential noise is present in the noise-corrected output signal, the second control signal then being adjusted so as to reduce any said residual noise.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein the amplitude of the noise estimation signal is adjusted using a variable gain amplifier, and the noise estimation step includes the step of adjusting the phase of the noise estimation signal in response to a third control signal provided in dependence upon said comparison.

14. A method according to claim 12, wherein the adjusting of the amplitude of the noise estimation signal uses a variable gain amplifier, and the noise estimation step includes the step of adjusting the phase of the noise estimation signal in response to a third control signal provided in dependence upon said comparison.

15. A method of suppressing noise in a signal received from a two-conductor communications channel comprising the steps of:

(i) using a hybrid device connected to the channel, a differential mode signal corresponding to a differential signal received from the channel,

(ii) extracting from the channel a corresponding common mode signal,

(iii) responsive to the common mode signal and each of a plurality of frequency control signals, deriving a plurality of noise estimate signal components each representing a common mode noise level in a corresponding one of a plurality of selected frequency bands, each having a bandwidth considerably narrower than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal,

(iv) summing the noise estimate signal components to provide a noise estimate signal;

(v) providing a noise-suppressed output signal as the difference between the differential mode signal and the noise estimate signal; and

(vi) scanning the common mode signal over the operating bandwidth a plurality of times and detecting, for each scan, that narrow frequency band wherein instant noise level is higher than in other parts of the operating bandwidth, each such narrow frequency band having a bandwidth significantly less than an operating bandwidth of said differential signal, and generating for each scan one of said frequency control signals for adjusting the corresponding said selected frequency band to correspond to that of the instant highest noise signal, the arrangement being such that the plurality of noise estimate signal components are derived in succession.

16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the plurality of noise estimation signal components are derived using a plurality of tunable narrowband bandpass filters, respectively, the method further comprising the step of adjusting each of the tunable narrowband bandpass filters in response to a respective one of a plurality of second control signals each generated in dependence upon a comparison between the common mode signal and the noise-suppressed output signal when the corresponding noise estimate signal component has been applied to the differential signal in the corresponding selected frequency band.

17. A method according to claim 16, wherein the plurality of second control signals are each generated by performing cross-correlation between the common mode signal and the noise-corrected output signal to determine whether or not residual differential noise is present in the noise-corrected output signal and adjusting the second control signal so as to reduce any said residual noise.

18. A method according to claim 16, wherein the amplitude of each noise estimation signal component is adjusted using a variable gain amplifier, and the phase of the corresponding noise estimation signal component is adjusted in response to a respective one of a plurality of third control signals each generated in dependence upon said comparison.