Noninvasive method for determining the liquid level and density inside of a container

• US 6,053,041 A
• Filed: 02/27/1995
• Issued: 04/25/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 02/27/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Los Alamos National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Inventors: Sinha, Dipen N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Williams, Hezron
• Assistant Examiner(s): WORTH, WILLIE M
• Application Number:
  US08/395,932
• Time in Patent Office: 1,884 Days
• Field of Search: 73/290 V, 73/32 A, 340/618, 340/621, 367/908
• US Class Current: 73/290.00V
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/28 by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/2962 Measuring transit time of reflected waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02818 Density, viscosity
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/02836 Flow rate, liquid level
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/0427 Flexural waves, plate waves, e.g. Lamb waves, tuning fork, cantilever
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2291/102 one emitter, one receiver
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/024 by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/036 by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/222 Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids optoacoustic fluid cells G01N29/2425
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/348 with frequency characteristics, e.g. single frequency signals, chirp signals measuring frequency of mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in general G01H1/06, G01H3/04; measuring frequency or analysing frequency spectra G01R23/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 9/002 using variation of the resonant frequency of an element vibrating in contact with the material submitted to analysis G01N9/34 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/00 Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 367/908 Material level detection, e.g. liquid level

Abstract

Noninvasive method for determining the liquid level and density inside of a container having arbitrary dimension and shape. By generating a flexural acoustic wave in the container shell and measuring the phase difference of the detected flexural wave from that of the originally generated wave a small distance from the generated wave, while moving the generation and detection means through the liquid/vapor interface, this interface can be detected. Both the wave generation and wave detection may be achieved by transducers on the surface of the container. A change in the phase difference over the outer surface of the vessel signifies that a liquid/vapor interface has been crossed, while the magnitude of the phase difference can be related to fluid density immediately opposite the measurement position on the surface of the vessel.

Claims

1. A method for determining the location of the liquid/gas interface of a liquid-containing enclosure, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) applying an acoustic sine wave burst having a chosen frequency to a wall of the enclosure which is disposed approximately perpendicular to the liquid/gas interface, establishing thereby a flexural wave in the wall;

(b) detecting the flexural wave generated in the wall at a point on the wall nearby to the location of application of the sine wave burst and in a direction substantially parallel to the liquid/gas interface therefrom; and

(c) measuring the phase difference between the sine wave burst and the detected flexural wave;

whereby the location of the liquid/gas interface is determined when a change in the magnitude of the phase difference is observed.

2. The method for determining the location of the liquid/gas interface of a liquid-containing enclosure as described in claim 1, further comprising the step of moving the location of application of the sine wave burst and the detection of the flexural wave established thereby in a direction substantially perpendicular to the liquid/gas interface.

3. The method for determining the location of the liquid/gas interface of a liquid-containing enclosure as described in claim 1, wherein said step of applying a sine wave burst to the wall of the liquid-containing enclosure and said step of detecting the flexural wave therein are achieved using piezoelectric transducers in contact with the outside of the wall of the liquid-containing enclosure.

4. A method for determining the density of a liquid in a liquid-containing enclosure, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) applying an acoustic sine wave burst having a chosen frequency to a wall of the enclosure at a location on the wall the opposite side of which location is in contact with the liquid, establishing thereby a flexural wave in the wall;

(b) detecting the flexural wave generated in the wall at a point on the wall nearby to the location of application of the sine wave burst; and

(c) measuring the phase difference between the sine wave burst and the detected flexural wave;

whereby the liquid density is obtained from the magnitude of the phase difference.

5. The method for determining the density of a liquid in a liquid-containing enclosure as described in claim 4, wherein said step of applying a sine wave burst to the wall of the liquid-containing enclosure and said step of detecting the flexural wave therein are achieved using piezoelectric transducers in contact with the outside of the wall of the liquid-containing enclosure.

6. A method for continuously determining the location of the liquid/gas interface of a liquid-containing enclosure, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) applying a sine wave burst of sound having a frequency, that does not correspond to any resonant mode of the enclosure, to a wall of the enclosure which is disposed approximately perpendicular to the liquid/gas interface, establishing thereby a flexural wave in the wall;

(b) detecting the flexural wave generated in the wall at a point on the wall nearby to the location of application of the sine wave burst and in a direction substantially perpendicular to the liquid/gas interface therefrom, the location of application of the sine wave burst of sound and the location of detecting the flexural wave being located on opposite sides of the liquid/gas interface; and

(c) measuring the phase difference between the sine wave burst and the detected flexural wave;

whereby the location of the liquid/gas interface is determined by the magnitude of the phase difference.