Ion exchange and electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell

• US 6,054,230 A
• Filed: 12/06/1995
• Issued: 04/25/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 12/07/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Japan Gore-Tex Inc (W.L. Gore and Associates)
• Original Assignee: Japan Gore-Tex Inc (W.L. Gore and Associates)
• Inventors: Kato, Hiroshi
• Primary Examiner(s): KALAFUT, STEPHEN J
• Application Number:
  US08/568,100
• Time in Patent Office: 1,602 Days
• Field of Search: 429/33, 429/41, 429/40, 429/44, 429/46, 429/42, 204/252, 204/282, 204/283
• US Class Current: 429/480
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 9/23 comprising ion-exchange membranes in or on which electrode material is embedded
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2300/0082 Organic polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8605 Porous electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8803 Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition H01M4/90 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8821 Wet proofing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8828 Coating with slurry or ink
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8839 Painting
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/885 followed by reduction of the catalyst salt precursor
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/8882 Heat treatment, e.g. drying, baking
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/92 Metals of platinum group H01M4/94 , H01M4/9058 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/96 Carbon-based electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0206 Metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0228 in the form of layered or coated products
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1004 characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA] H01M8/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1039 halogenated, e.g. sulfonated polyvinylidene fluorides
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/106 characterised by the chemical composition of the porous support
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1081 starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

This invention provides a solid polymer ion exchange membrane/electrode assembly, or an electrode/solid polymer ion exchange membrane /electrode assembly, for an electrochemical cell, which consists of planar layers of materials intimately joined together to form a unitary structure. The layers are joined together by solid polymer ion exchange resin present in at least one of each pair of adjacent layers. The unitary assembly can be used in an electrochemical cell such as a battery, electrolytic reactor, or fuel cell.

Claims

1. A unitary assembly for an electrochemical cell comprising

a composite nonporous solid polymer ion exchange membrane having first and second planar surfaces;

said nonporous composite ion exchange membrane comprising at least one preformed membrane-support film of porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, said membrane-support film containing, and made nonporous by, solid polymer ion exchange resin; and

a first electrode having two planar surfaces, one surface of said first electrode in intimate contact with said first surface of said nonporous solid polymer ion exchange membrane and bonded to said membrane by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

2. The assembly as recited in claim 1 further comprising

a second electrode having a surface in intimate contact with said second surface of said composite nonporous solid polymer ion exchange membrane and bonded to said membrane by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

3. The assembly as recited in claim 1 wherein said first electrode comprises a preformed electrode-support film of porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, said electrode-support film containing both a solid polymer ion exchange resin and a catalyst material.

4. The assembly as recited in claim 3 wherein said preformed electrode-support film further contains a noncatalytic electrically-conductive material.

5. The assembly as recited in claim 3 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

6. The assembly as recited in claim 4 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

7. The assembly as recited in claim 2 wherein said second electrode comprises a preformed electrode-support film of porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, said electrode-support film containing both a solid polymer ion exchange resin and a catalyst material.

8. The assembly as recited in claim 7 wherein said preformed electrode-support film further contains a noncatalytic electrically-conductive material.

9. The assembly as recited in claim 7 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

10. The assembly as recited in claim 8 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

11. A unitary assembly for an electrochemical cell comprising

a nonporous solid polymer ion exchange membrane having first and second planar surfaces;

and

a first electrode having two planar surfaces;

said first electrode comprising a preformed electrode-support film of porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, said electrode-support film containing both a solid polymer ion exchange resin and a catalyst material;

wherein one surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with said first surface of said solid polymer ion exchange membrane and bonded to said membrane by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

12. The assembly as recited in claim 11 further comprising

a second electrode comprising a preformed electrode-support film of porous expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, said electrode-support film containing both a solid polymer ion exchange resin and a catalyst material;

wherein one surface of said second electrode is in intimate contact with said second surface of said solid polymer ion exchange membrane and bonded to said membrane by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

13. The assembly as recited in claim 11 wherein said preformed electrode-support film further contains a noncatalytic electrically-conductive material.

14. The assembly as recited in claim 12 wherein said preformed electrode-support film of the second electrode further contains a noncatalytic electrically conductive material.

15. The assembly as recited in claim 11 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.

16. The assembly as recited in claim 12 wherein said second surface of said first electrode is in intimate contact with an electrically-conductive gas diffusion material, said first electrode bonded to said electrically-conductive material by said solid polymer ion exchange resin.