Manipulating nitrosative stress to kill pathologic microbes, pathologic helminths and pathologically proliferating cells or to upregulate nitrosative stress defenses
First Claim
1. A method of inhibiting growth of pathologic microbes or pathologic helminths or pathologically proliferating mammalian cells, in a mammal, said method comprising administering to said mammal a pathologic microbe or pathologic helminth or pathologically proliferating mammalian cell antiproliferative effective amount of one or more manipulators of nitrosative stress in said microbes or in host cells infected with said microbes or in said helminths or in said pathologically proliferating mammalian cells whereby nitrosative stress selectively kills or reduces the growth of said microbes or of said helminths or of said mammalian cells or selectively enhances their susceptibility to innate immune defenses or the susceptibility of said microbes to antimicrobial agents or the susceptibility of said helminths to anthelmintic agents or the susceptibility of pathologically proliferating mammalian cells to antiproliferation agents;
- provided that where the microbes are protozoa, the manipulator(s) of nitrosative stress administered is (are) one(s) that increase(s) nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered that selectively inhibits protection against nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa but does not increase nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa and other manipulator of nitrosative stress is also administered which increases nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or a manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered which is a selective inhibitor of thiol synthesis by the protozoa; and
provided that when the pathologically proliferating mammalian cells are those that would cause restenosis, the manipulator(s) of nitrosative stress comprise(s) inhibitor of protection against nitrosative stress and is (are) employed to selectively kill or reduce the growth of said cells or to enhance their susceptibility to antiproliferation agents; and
provided that when buthionine sulfoximine or melphalan is locally administered as a manipulator of nitrosative stress, agent that increases nitrosative stress is also administered.
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Abstract
Mammals are treated for infections or for conditions associated with pathologically proliferating mammalian cell growth (for example, certain cancers, restenosis, benign prostatic hypertrophy) by administration of a manipulator of nitrosative stress to selectively kill or reduce the growth of the microbes or helminths causing the infection or of host cells infected with the microbes or of the pathologically proliferating mammalian cells. Novel agents include α-alkyl-S-alkyl-homocysteine sulfoximines wherein the α-alkyl contains 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and the S-alkyl-contains 1 to 10 carbon atoms. In another invention herein, mammals in need of increased nitrosative stress defenses are treated, e.g., humans at risk for a stroke because of having had a transient ischemic attack, are treated. Treatments to increase nitrosative stress defenses include, for example, repeated administrations of low doses of manipulators of nitrosative stress so that the subject treated has increased tolerance to nitrosative stress. In still another invention, mammals are treated for protozoal infections by systemic administration of L-buthionine-S-sulfoximine and agent that increases nitrosative stress.
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Citations
66 Claims
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1. A method of inhibiting growth of pathologic microbes or pathologic helminths or pathologically proliferating mammalian cells, in a mammal, said method comprising administering to said mammal a pathologic microbe or pathologic helminth or pathologically proliferating mammalian cell antiproliferative effective amount of one or more manipulators of nitrosative stress in said microbes or in host cells infected with said microbes or in said helminths or in said pathologically proliferating mammalian cells whereby nitrosative stress selectively kills or reduces the growth of said microbes or of said helminths or of said mammalian cells or selectively enhances their susceptibility to innate immune defenses or the susceptibility of said microbes to antimicrobial agents or the susceptibility of said helminths to anthelmintic agents or the susceptibility of pathologically proliferating mammalian cells to antiproliferation agents;
- provided that where the microbes are protozoa, the manipulator(s) of nitrosative stress administered is (are) one(s) that increase(s) nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered that selectively inhibits protection against nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa but does not increase nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa and other manipulator of nitrosative stress is also administered which increases nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or a manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered which is a selective inhibitor of thiol synthesis by the protozoa; and
provided that when the pathologically proliferating mammalian cells are those that would cause restenosis, the manipulator(s) of nitrosative stress comprise(s) inhibitor of protection against nitrosative stress and is (are) employed to selectively kill or reduce the growth of said cells or to enhance their susceptibility to antiproliferation agents; and
provided that when buthionine sulfoximine or melphalan is locally administered as a manipulator of nitrosative stress, agent that increases nitrosative stress is also administered. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51)
- provided that where the microbes are protozoa, the manipulator(s) of nitrosative stress administered is (are) one(s) that increase(s) nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered that selectively inhibits protection against nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa but does not increase nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa and other manipulator of nitrosative stress is also administered which increases nitrosative stress in the pathologic protozoa, or a manipulator of nitrosative stress is administered which is a selective inhibitor of thiol synthesis by the protozoa; and
- 52. A method for treating microbial infections of the oral cavity in a mammal comprising topically administering to the site of the infection an infection reducing effective amount of a manipulator of nitrosative stress in the microbes causing the microbial infection.
- 55. A method for treating microbe caused infection of skin lesions in a mammal comprising topically administering to the skin lesions an infection reducing effective amount of an S-nitrosothiol.
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57. A method for inhibiting growth of pathologic bacteria in a mammal, said method comprising administering to said mammal a pathologic bacteria antiproliferative effective amount of a chelating agent and of an agent that increases nitrosative stress.
- 58. A method for inhibiting growth of pathologic microbes or pathologic helminths or pathologically proliferating mammalian cells, in a mammal, comprising administering to said mammal a therapeutic amount of agent that converts endogenously produced NO to nitric-oxide related compound or NO+ or NO-.
- 61. A method for inhibiting growth of pathologically proliferating mammalian cells or for killing or inhibiting the growth of mammalian host cells containing pathologic microbes, in a mammal, comprising administering to said mammal a pathologically proliferating mammalian cell or pathologic microbe antiproliferative effective amount of a blocker of the ability of the mammalian cells to export nitrosant and of an agent that increases nitrosative stress.
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64. A method of inhibiting growth of pathologic microbes or pathologic helminths or pathologically proliferating mammalian cells, in a mammal, said method comprising systemically administering to said mammal a pathologic microbe or pathologically proliferating cell antiproliferative effective amount of agent that increases nitrosative stress in said microbes or in host cells infected with said microbes or in the pathologic helminths or in said pathologically proliferating cells whereby nitrosative stress selectively kills or reduces the growth of said microbes or host cells or helminths or pathologically proliferating mammalian cells or selectively enhances their susceptibility to innate immune defenses or the susceptibility of said microbes to antimicrobial agents or the susceptibility of said helminths to anthelmintic agents or the susceptibility of the pathologically proliferating mammalian cells to antiproliferative agents, and also administering to said mammal a hypotensive response preventing amount of an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase.
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65. A method of inhibiting growth of non-viral pathologic microbes in a mammal, said method comprising administering to said mammal a pathologic microbe antiproliferative effective amount of a selective inhibitor of thiol synthesis in the microbe to mediate selective killing or growth reduction of the microbe by agent which is selected from the group consisting of antimicrobials, immune cells in the mammal and products of mammalian antimicrobial response.
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66. A method for inhibiting the growth of pathologic viruses infecting a mammal, said method comprising administering to the mammal a therapeutic amount of a non-selective inhibitor of glutathione synthesis in the host cells infected by the virus to thereby sensitize the virus to selective killing by antiviral agent, immune cells in the mammal and products of the mammalian antiviral response.
Specification