Method and apparatus for voltage regulation in multi-output switched mode power supplies

• US 6,057,607 A
• Filed: 07/16/1999
• Issued: 05/02/2000
• Est. Priority Date: 07/16/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Semtech Corporation
• Original Assignee: Semtech Corporation
• Inventors: Rader, William Edward III, Fogg, John
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Shawn
• Application Number:
  US09/354,630
• Time in Patent Office: 291 Days
• Field of Search: 323/282, 323/284, 323/224, 323/274, 363/16, 363/131, 307/11, 307/33, 307/34
• US Class Current: 307/11
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/009 having two or more independently controlled outputs for DC-DC converter with intermediate AC H02M3/33561
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1563 without using an external clock H02M3/158 takes precedence

Abstract

A step-down switched-mode power supply circuit includes a transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, a current sensing device for sensing a current through a primary winding of the transformer, a first switch and a second switch, a first comparator for determining if the current through the current sensing device exceeds a threshold, a voltage regulator coupled to the secondary winding to produce a regulated voltage, a second comparator for determining if the regulated voltage has drooped below an acceptable level, a counter coupled to the second comparator for generating a signal having a fixed number of switch cycles, and control circuitry for generating signals controlling the first switch and the second switch and responsive to the first comparator to enter a power saving mode disabling the signals, and to the second comparator to temporarily exit the power saving mode for a fixed number of cycles when the regulated voltage has drooped below an acceptable level.

Claims

1. A step-down switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

a transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding;

a current sensing device for sensing a current through a primary winding of the transformer;

a first switch and a second switch;

a first comparator for determining if the current through said current sensing device exceeds a threshold;

a voltage regulator coupled to the secondary winding to produce a regulated voltage on an output line;

a second comparator coupled to said output line of said voltage regulator for determining if the regulated voltage has drooped below an acceptable level;

a counter coupled to the second comparator for asserting a power save disable signal for a fixed number of switch cycles when said second comparator determines that the regulated voltage has drooped below said acceptable level; and

control circuitry for generating a pair of complimentary signals controlling the first switch and the second switch, said control circuitry responsive to the first comparator to enter a power saving mode disabling the complimentary signals, and to the power save disable signal to temporarily exit the power saving mode while the power save disable signal is asserted.

2. A circuit in accordance with claim 1, wherein said current sensing device include s a resistor in series with said primary winding.

3. A circuit in accordance with claim 2, wherein said current sensing device includes an operational amplifier to provide a voltage signal indicative of said current through said primary winding.

4. A circuit in accordance with claim 1, wherein said voltage regulator is coupled to said secondary winding with a rectifier.

5. A circuit in accordance with claim 4, wherein said rectifier includes a diode.

6. A circuit in accordance with claim 1, wherein said voltage regulator is a linear voltage regulator.

7. A step-down switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

a first voltage input node for receiving a first voltage level;

a second voltage input node for receiving a second voltage level;

a first switch and a second switch, said first switch connecting said first voltage node to a phase node when said first switch is active, said second switch connecting said second voltage node to said phase node when said second switch is active;

a pulse width modulated synchronous switching control circuit generating a first switching signal and a second switching signal, said first switching signal and said second switching signal being complementary, said first switching signal controlling said first switch and said second switching signal controlling said second switch;

a transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, said primary winding coupled to said phase node and to a current sensing device for sensing a current through a primary winding of the transformer;

a first comparator for determining if the current through said current sensing device exceeds a threshold;

a voltage regulator coupled to said secondary winding to produce a regulated voltage on an output line;

a second comparator coupled to said output line of said voltage regulator for determining if the regulated voltage has drooped below an acceptable level; and

a counter coupled to the second comparator for asserting a power save disable signal for a fixed number of switch cycles when said second comparator determines that the regulated voltage has drooped below said acceptable level; and

said control circuit responsive to said first comparator to enter a power saving mode disabling said first switching signal and said second switching signal, and to the power save disable signal to temporarily exit the power saving mode while the power save disable signal is asserted.

8. A circuit in accordance with claim 7, wherein said current sensing device includes a resistor in series with said primary winding.

9. A circuit in accordance with claim 8, wherein said current sensing device includes an operational amplifier to provide a voltage signal indicative of said current through said primary winding.

10. A step-down switched-mode power supply circuit, comprising:

a first voltage input node for receiving a first voltage level;

a second voltage input node for receiving a second voltage level;

a first switch and a second switch, said first switch connecting said first voltage node to a phase node when said first switch is active, said second switch connecting said second voltage node to said phase node when said second switch is active;

a pulse width modulated switching control circuit generating a switching signal, said switching signal controlling said first switch;

a transformer having at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding, said primary winding coupled to said phase node and to a current sensing device for sensing a current through a primary winding of the transformer;

a first comparator for determining if the current through said current sensing device exceeds a threshold;

a voltage regulator coupled to said secondary winding to produce a regulated voltage on an output line;

a second comparator coupled to said output line of said voltage regulator for determining if the regulated voltage has drooped below an acceptable level; and

a counter coupled to the second comparator for asserting a power save disable signal for a fixed number of switch cycles when said second comparator determines that the regulated voltage has drooped below said acceptable level; and

said control circuit responsive to said first comparator to enter a power saving mode disabling said switching signal, and to the power save disable signal to temporarily exit the power saving mode while the power save disable signal is asserted.

11. A circuit in accordance with claim 10, wherein said second switch is a diode.

12. A circuit in accordance with claim 10, wherein said second switch is a transistor connected to form a diode.

13. A method for operating a step-down switched-mode power supply circuit having a first switch and a second switch alternately coupling a primary winding of a transformer to a first input voltage and a second input voltage, the transformer also having a secondary winding, a current sense element connected to measure a current through the primary winding, a voltage regulator powered by the secondary winding and providing a regulated voltage, said method comprising:

causing the first switch and the second switch to stop switching and to disengage both the first input voltage and the second input voltage from the primary winding of the transformer in response to detecting a current below a threshold with the current sense element; and

comparing the regulated voltage with a reference voltage level to determine if the regulated voltage has drooped below said reference voltage and, if so, causing the first switch and the second switch to cycle through a fixed number of switching cycles.

14. A method for operating a step-down switched-mode power supply circuit having a first switch and a second switch switching by alternately coupling a primary winding of a transformer to a first input voltage node and a second input voltage node, the transformer also having a secondary winding, a current sense element connected to measure a current through the primary winding, a voltage regulator powered by the secondary winding and providing a regulated voltage, said method comprising:

detecting with the current sense element a low current demand condition of the circuit;

causing the first switch and the second switch to stop switching and to disengage both the first input voltage and the second input voltage from the primary winding of the transformer in response to said detecting;

comparing the regulated voltage with a reference voltage level to determine if the regulated voltage has drooped below said reference voltage and, if so, asserting a signal to temporarily restart switching; and

restarting temporarily, responsive to said asserted signal, the switching of the first switch and the second switch for a fixed number of switching cycles.

15. A method in accordance with claim 14, wherein said restarting further includes:

causing a counter to count for a fixed number of cycles;

strobing the counter with a switching signal tracking at least one switching signal applied to at least one of the first switch and the second switch; and

asserting a power save disable signal while said counter is counting.

16. A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said causing a counter to count includes loading a value into the counter and allowing it to count down to zero.

17. A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said causing a counter to count includes zeroing the counter and allowing it to count to a predetermined value other than zero.