Mid-chain branched alkyl sulfate surfactants
First Claim
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1. A surfactant composition comprising from about 0.001% to about 100% of a mixture of two or more mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfates having the formula:
- ##STR39## wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moiety of this formula, including the R, R1, and R2 branching, is from 14 to 20, and wherein further for this surfactant mixture the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formula is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5, R, R1, and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1 -C3 alkyl, provided R, R1, and R2 are not all hydrogen and, when z is 1, at least R or R1 is not hydrogen;
M is one or more cations;
w is an integer from 0 to 13;
x is an integer from 0 to 13;
y is an integer from 0 to 13;
z is an integer of at least 1; and
w+x+y+z is from 8 to 14.
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Abstract
Mixtures of mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate surfactants useful in cleaning compositions, especially for lower water temperature applications, alone or formulated with other surfactants for the purpose of modifying the low temperature cleaning properties of the cleaning formulations. The present invention also relates to novel mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate surfactants suitable for use in surfactant mixtures.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. A surfactant composition comprising from about 0.001% to about 100% of a mixture of two or more mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfates having the formula:
- ##STR39## wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moiety of this formula, including the R, R1, and R2 branching, is from 14 to 20, and wherein further for this surfactant mixture the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formula is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5, R, R1, and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1 -C3 alkyl, provided R, R1, and R2 are not all hydrogen and, when z is 1, at least R or R1 is not hydrogen;
M is one or more cations;
w is an integer from 0 to 13;
x is an integer from 0 to 13;
y is an integer from 0 to 13;
z is an integer of at least 1; and
w+x+y+z is from 8 to 14. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
- ##STR39## wherein the total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moiety of this formula, including the R, R1, and R2 branching, is from 14 to 20, and wherein further for this surfactant mixture the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formula is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5, R, R1, and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1 -C3 alkyl, provided R, R1, and R2 are not all hydrogen and, when z is 1, at least R or R1 is not hydrogen;
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8. A surfactant composition comprising a mixture of branched primary alkyl sulfates having the formula ##STR42## wherein the total number of carbon atoms per molecule, including branching, is from 14 to 20, and wherein further for this surfactant mixture the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formula is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5;
- R, R1, and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1 -C3 alkyl, provided R, R1, and R2 are not all hydrogen;
M is a water soluble cation;
w is an integer from 0 to 13;
x is an integer from 0 to 13;
y is an integer from 0 to 13;
z is an integer of at least 1; and
w+x+y+z is from 8 to 14;
provided that when R2 is a C1 -C3 alkyl the ratio of surfactants having z equal to 1 to surfactants having z of 2 or greater is at least about 1;
1. - View Dependent Claims (9)
- R, R1, and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and C1 -C3 alkyl, provided R, R1, and R2 are not all hydrogen;
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10. A detergent composition comprising:
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(a) from about 0.001% to about 99% of a mixture of mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate surfactants, said mixture comprising at least about 5% by weight of two or more mid-chain branched alkyl sulfates having the formula;
##STR43## or mixtures thereof;
wherein M represents one or more cations;
a, b, d, and e are integers, a+b is from 10 to 16, d+e is from 8 to 14 and wherein furtherwhen a+b=10, a is an integer from 2 to 9 and b is an integer from 1 to 8; when a+b=11, a is an integer from 2 to 10 and b is an integer from 1 to 9; when a+b=12, a is an integer from 2 to 11 and b is an integer from 1 to 10; when a+b=13, a is an integer from 2 to 12 and b is an integer from 1 to 11; when a+b=14, a is an integer from 2 to 13 and b is an integer from 1 to 12; when a+b=15, a is an integer from 2 to 14 and b is an integer from 1 to 13; when a+b=16, a is an integer from 2 to 15 and b is an integer from 1 to 14; when d+e=8, d is an integer from 2 to 7 and e is an integer from 1 to 6; when d+e=9, d is an integer from 2 to 8 and e is an integer from 1 to 7; when d+e=10, d is an integer from 2 to 9 and e is an integer from 1 to 8; when d+e=11, d is an integer from 2 to 10 and e is an integer from 1 to 9; when d+e=12, d is an integer from 2 to 11 and e is an integer from 1 to 10; when d+e=13, d is an integer from 2 to 12 and e is an integer from 1 to 11; when d+e=14, d is an integer from 2 to 13 and e is an integer from 1 to 12; wherein for this surfactant mixture the average total number of carbon atoms in the branched primary alkyl moieties having the above formulas is within the range of greater than 14.5 to about 17.5; and (b) from about 1% to about 99.999% of detergent composition adjuct ingredients.
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11. A mid-chain branched primary alkyl sulfate having the formula ##STR44## wherein R1 and R2 are each independently hydrogen or C1 -C3 alkyl;
- M is a water soluble cation;
x is an integer from 0 to 12;
y is an integer from 0 to 12;
z is an integer of at least 2; and
x+y+z is from 11 to 14;
provided;a) R1 and R2 are not both hydrogen; b) when one R1 or R2 is hydrogen and the other R1 or R2 is methyl, then x+y+z is not 12 or 13; and c) when R1 is hydrogen and R2 is methyl, x+y is not 11 when z is 3, and x+y is not 9 when z is 5. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14)
- M is a water soluble cation;
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15. Alkyl sulfate compounds of formula:
- ##STR46## wherein;
a and b are integers and a+b is 12 or 13, a is an integer from 2 to 11, b is an integer from 1 to 10 and M is selected from sodium, potassium, ammonium and substituted ammonium.
- ##STR46## wherein;
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16. Alkyl sulfate compounds of formula:
- ##STR47## wherein;
d and e are integers and d+e is from 10 or 11; and
wherein furtherwhen d+e=10, d is an integer from 2 to 9 and e is an integer from 1 to 8; when d+e=11, d is an integer from 2 to 10 and e is an integer from 1 to 9; and M is selected from sodium, potassium, ammonium and substituted ammonium.
- ##STR47## wherein;
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17. Mono-methyl branched primary alkyl sulfates selected from the group consisting of:
- 3-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 4-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 5-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 6-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 7-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 8-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 9-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 10-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 11-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 12-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 13-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 3-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 4-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 5-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 6-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 7-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 8-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 9-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 10-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 11-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 12-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 13-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, 14-methyl hexadecanol sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
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18. Di-methyl branched primary alkyl sulfates selected from the group consisting of:
- 2,3-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,4-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,5-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,6-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,7-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,8-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,9-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,10-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,11-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,12-methyl tetradecanol sulfate, 2,3-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,4-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,5-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,6-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,7-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,8-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,9-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,10-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,11-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,12-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, 2,13-methyl pentadecanol sulfate, and mixtures thereof.
Specification