Compositions, apparatus and methods for facilitating surgical procedures
First Claim
1. A method of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in a beating heart in a human patient, the method comprising administering a compound capable of inducing reversible ventricular asystole and a β
- -blocker to the heart of the patient in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;
wherein the β
-blocker is administered in amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of compound required to induce ventricular asystole.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods are provided for conducting surgical procedures in a patient wherein, during the surgical procedure, autonomous ventricular electrical conductivity and escape beats are reversibly and transiently suppressed to facilitate the surgical procedure. Also provided are compositions which are capable of inducing ventricular asystole in a patient. The compositions may include an AV node blocker. In one embodiment, compositions including an atrioventricular (AV) node blocker and a β-blocker are provided, wherein the β-blocker is present in an amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of AV node blocker required to induce ventricular asystole in the patient. The compositions and methods may be used for inducing temporary ventricular asystole in a beating heart, and to facilitate the performance of a variety of surgical techniques, including minimally invasive microsurgical techniques. Methods for performing a surgical procedure on a human patient are provided wherein a composition capable of inducing transient reversible ventricular asystole is administered to the heart, for example by intracoronary injection. The heart then is electrically paced using an electrical pacing system, thereby to maintain the patient'"'"'s blood circulation. The electrical pacing then is selectively intermittently stopped to allow ventricular asystole to occur, and the steps of the surgical or therapeutic procedure, such as suturing, are conducted during the time that the electrical pacing is intermittently stopped. The methods and compositions advantageously may be used in a range of different surgical procedures including cardiac, vascular and neurosurgical procedures.
178 Citations
55 Claims
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1. A method of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in a beating heart in a human patient, the method comprising administering a compound capable of inducing reversible ventricular asystole and a β
- -blocker to the heart of the patient in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;
wherein the β
-blocker is administered in amount sufficient to substantially reduce the amount of compound required to induce ventricular asystole. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
- -blocker to the heart of the patient in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;
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13. A method of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in a beating heart in a human patient, the method comprising administering a cholinergic receptor agonist and a β
- -blocker to the heart of the patient in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;
wherein the amount administered of the cholinergic receptor agonist alone or the β
-blocker alone is not sufficient to induce ventricular asystole.
- -blocker to the heart of the patient in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;
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14. A method of conducting a procedure on a human patient comprising:
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administering a β
-blocker and an AV node blocker to the heart of a human patient to induce reversible ventricular asystole while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced;electrically pacing the heart; selectively intermittently stopping the electrical pacing to allow ventricular asystole; and conducting at least one step of the procedure during the time that the electrical pacing is intermittently stopped. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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54. A method of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in the heart of a human patient while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced comprising:
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administering at least a first compound which is a cholinergic agent to the heart of the patient which is capable of inducing third-degree AV block of the heart; and administering at least a second compound to the heart of the patient which alone or in combination with the cholinergic agent is capable of substantially suppressing ectopic ventricular beats in the heart while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced.
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55. A method of inducing reversible ventricular asystole in the heart of a human patient, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced comprising:
administering an AV-node blocker to the heart of the patient and administering a compound that reduces the amount of AV node blocker required to induce ventricular asystole, said AV node blocker and compound being administered in an amount effective to induce ventricular asystole, while maintaining the ability of the heart to be electrically paced.
Specification